PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to compare the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at different types of roadside bus stops in an urban environment, and analyze the tendencies in PM2.5 concentrations according to the air quality index. METHODS : To compare and analyze the characteristics of fine particulate matter at roadside bus stops, we collected data such as PM2.5 concentration, temperature, humidity etc., and performed a comparative analysis of their concentration levels at different types of bus stops (a partially closed bus stop with a front and back partition, a partially closed bus stop with only a back partition, and a bus stop with an open space). In addition, the daily variation in fine particulate matter concentration was analyzed. RESULTS: The average daily concentration levels of fine PM2.5 in the target area for a partially closed bus stop with a front and back partition, a partially closed bus stop with a back partition, and a bus stop with an open space were 18.40㎍/㎥ to 108.27㎍/㎥, 22.81㎍/㎥ to 135.51㎍/㎥, and 16.62㎍/㎥ to 81.52㎍/㎥, respectively. According to air quality index levels during the target measurement period, the bus stop with an open space had the least concentration levels of PM2.5 compared to the other bus stops. Furthermore, this study revealed that the PM2.5 concentration levels usually increased during the peak hour period in the morning and gradually increased after 2 pm until the end of the peak hour period at night, regardless of the bus stop type. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, we demonstrated the effect of PM2.5 concentration levels on the atmospheric, weather, environmental, and transportation conditions in a target area, and the variation in concentration levels depending on the type of bus stop.

In this study, the effect of compressive loading of carbon nanotube (CNT) mixed cement composites was investigated. To evaluate the electrical resistivity variation of 30%∼60% of compressive load of cement composites containing 1.0% CNT, 1.0% CNT was added to cement composites and compressive strength was calculated. The greater the change in electrical resistance to compressive load, the more vulnerable to internal conductive networks. Also, as the amount of CNT mixed increases, the electrical resistance to the load is more sensitive and it is expected to be mixed more than 1.0%.

This paper describes the mechanical properties of high strength concrete with 1,600 MPa strength steel fiber. The fiber aspect ratio and fiber volume fraction used in this study is 80 and 0.75%. The Cylindrical specimens with ∅150×300 mm and the prisms with 150×150×550 mm were mad and tested in accordance with KS F2403 and ASTM C1609. As the result, specimens with high strength fiber has superior performance then that with normal strength fiber.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of self-sensing performance on strain-hardening cement composite containing CNT by curing age. The mixing amount of CNT was set at 1.0%, and SHCC fibers were mixed with PE 1.0% and steel fiber 0.5%. The electrical resistance measurement for the tensile strain sensing performance was based on AC method and 4 probe methods. Test results indicated that electrical sensitivity of SHCC decreased with an increase in curing age.

This study investigates the mechanical properties of SFRC reinforced by mixing different steel fibers with compressive strength of 70 MPa. In this study, The fiber aspect ratio consist of 60 and 80 and tensile strength is 1,100 MPa used. Cylindrical specimens with a ∅150×300 mm were made fo compression test, and prismatic specimens with a 150×150×550 mm were made fo flexural and direct shear tests. Test results show that the superior compression performance was observed in SFRC with Mixing different steel fibers.

In this research, Sensing Performance in Tensile Strain of Strain-Hardening Cement Composites by Containing of Carbon nanotube have been studied. The ultimate strength and strain were improved with increasing in amounts of CNT, and fractional change in resistivity were improved when same tensile strain. and %LE were decreased with increasing in amounts of CNT.

In this study, the seismic performance of RC frames reinforced with steel plate concrete was conducted by applying steel plate concrete into the existing RC frame and RC frame in order to evaluate the seismic reinforcement effect of steel plate concrete. The results showed that the reinforced specimen with steel plate concrete showed higher strength than the existing RC frame specimen, and the time of yield was also measured later. Therefore, sufficient seismic reinforcement effect can be expected through steel plate concrete.

An experimental study was conducted to examine for the structural behavior of coupled steel plate shear wall (Coupled SPSW) system what is formed by connection the two steel plate shear walls (SPSW) with a coupling beam. The variable of this study was the length of coupling beam. The testing results were showed that the strength and stiffness of specimen with shorter coupling beam were improved than those of other specimen. However there is no difference of the yielding mechanism.

This paper was conducted to evaluate structural performance of modular system connection with bracket. It was evaluated to two external connection specimens and two internal connection specimens. As a result of experiment, excessive shear deformation of the bracket was observed in all of the specimens. However, all of the specimens satisfied the requirement for intermediate moment frames (IMF) targeted in the experiment.

The purpose of this study was to experimentally evaluate seismic performance of connection of modular system. As a result of experiment study, two specimens did not show the strength reduction and brittle fracture at connection until 2% story drift. Thus, requirements for intermediate moment frame(IMF) was satisfied in two specimens.