PVDF Membrane has been used as material for the UF membrane through in-situ interfacial polymerization (IP) because of it’s outstanding properties such as high chemical resistance, thermal stability, and mechanical strength. In this study, surface morphology change of PVDF membrane was researched depending on evaporation time. 13% PVDF 6020 was used for casting and the evaporation time period was from 5s to 600s. The surface morphology of the membrane was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and filtration was conducted in the cross flow method to evaluate the a performance of UF membrane. As a result, average pore size was increased with longer evaporation times which caused the decrease of rejection.

뛰어난 물성을 가진 poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)는 정밀여과 (MF)와 한 외여과 (UF) 분리막의 소재로써 많이 연구되고 있다. 기공의 크기를 조절하는 것은 분리막을 제조하는데 있어 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 매우 간단한 방법으로 분리막의 기공 크기를 조절하는 새로운 방법을 제시하고자 한다. PVDF 한외여과 분리막의 기공 크기는 유리판 위에 150 ㎛의 두께로 주조된 PVDF 도프 용액이 응고조 (증류수)속으로 들어가는 속도를 통해 조절되었다. 이 때 PVDF 한외여과 분리막의 기공 크기는 응고조에 들어가는 PVDF 도프 용액의 속도가 감소될수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

Cellulose acetate (CA) has been used for microfiltration/ultrafiltration applications because of its good solubility in common solvents. However, it is sensitive to chemical and physical degradation. Therefore, in this study, cellulose acetate was crosslinked with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solution to complement these weakness. Cross-linking was confirmed by increasing in dope solution viscosity and FT-IR. To indicate the chemical resistance, weight loss was observed after the cross-linked CA membranes were immersed in ethanol, hexane, acetone and DMAc solvent for 24h. The physical properties were evaluated by the tensile strength. In the result of experience, effect of the degree of cross-linking by increasing of the concentration of TPC improved the chemical and physical properties of CA.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cytokine-induced osteoclastogenesis on tooth movement related to orthodontic force. We evaluated the cytotoxicity as well as the expression of OPG and RANKL, which influence the homeostasis of bone metabolism. Titanium particles were applied to human periodontal ligament cells and subcultured fourth generation cells. The ALP assay and the MTT assay were used to assess changes in cytotoxicity. After 48 hours, cytotoxicity increased proportionally with the concentration of titanium. With 20 mg, the cytotoxicity was the lowest. R T-PCR was u sed for assessing m R NA l evels of O PG a nd R ANKL; after 96 hours, t he m R NAs of O PG a nd R ANKL increased steeply. A western blot analysis showed that with 20 mg of titanium, the protein expression of OPG increased linearly with time, especially a fter 96 hours, while t he p rotein e xpression o f RANKL d id n ot s how significant changes with titanium processing. Given the increase in OPG expression after the initial cytotoxicity, changes in cytotoxicity with titanium may be attributable to the antagonistic effect of OPG on cytotoxicity

본 연구는 관절통 모델에서 웅담 우황과 웅담 우황 사향의 약침액의 효과를 검사하기 위해 수행되었다. 할로탄 마취하에서 관절통은 수컷 쥐의 관절강내에 2% carrageenan을 주입하여 유발시켰다. 운동자극에 대한 감각신경의 반응은 약침을 시술하기 전과 후에 기록하였다. 경혈에 주입한 약침은 유해한 운동 자극에 대한 신경의 반응을 억제시켰다 족삼리에 시술한 약침은 합곡에 비해 유해한 자극에 대한 관절 감각신경의 반응을 더 많이 억제시켰다. 이러한 결과는 웅담 우황과 웅담 우황 사향의약침이 관절통을 완화하는 데 효과적인 치료법을 제공할 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.