최근 전 세계적인 기후 변화에 따라 국지성 폭우 및 설계예상 수준을 뛰어넘는 강우량 등으로 인하여 도로 및 비탈면의 유실 피해가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 유실에 따른 재해가 발생했을 때, 신속한 복구를 위 한 복구장비의 접근이 쉽지 않은 경우가 많다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최소한의 장비 및 시공인력으로 안 전하고 신속한 복구기술 개발의 일환으로, 도로 및 비탈면 유실부에 골재망을 활용하여 골재 채움을 실시 하고, 고흐름도 모르타르로 골재 내부공극을 충전하는 형태의 복구기술 개발의 실험적 연구를 수행하였 다. 그림 1은 최근 10년간 자연재해에 의한 피해 발생 비용을 나타내고 있으며, 그림 2는 도로유실에 따 른 복구 전경을 나타내고 있다. 그림 3과 같이 골재 사이사이 공극을 충전할 수 있도록 고흐름도 모르타르의 배합을 수행하였으며, 고 흐름도 모르타르의 컨시스턴시 실험을 통하여 충분한 충전성능을 확보하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 그림 4와 같이 골재투입을 위한 골재망을 활용하여 복구 적용 형태에 따라 유동적으로 적용가능한 골재 투입 기술을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 고흐름도 모르타르를 활용한 골재충전 콘크리트의 압축강도를 KS F2405에 의거하여 실험을 수행하였다.

본 연구는 대표적 산업부산물인 고로슬래그를 활용한 탄소흡수용 도로재료 개발 연구의 일환으로 탄소 포집 활성화제로 규산나트륨 및 수산화칼슘을 사용한 콘크리트의 노출조건에 따른 압축강도 특성을 분석 하였다. 고로슬래그 중량대비 시멘트 첨가량을 10%에서 40%까지 10%씩 증가시켜 표 1의 배합표에 따라 압축강도 시험체를 제작하였다. 시험체는 촉진 탄산화시험기에서 CO2 10%(100,000ppm)의 조건 및 밀폐 챔버를 이용한 고순도 air 조건에서 90일까지 노출을 진행하였다. 그림 1 및 그림 2는 압축강도 측정결과 를 나타내고 있다.

본 연구에서는 공항포장 기층의 배수성 확보를 위해 시멘트 안정처리기층에 적용하기 위하여 기 개발 된 투수콘크리트의 현장 적용을 통해 최적 함수비 및 최적 다짐방법을 도출하기 위한 현장시험시공을 실 시하였다. 우선 기층에 활용하기 위한 콘크리트의 경우, 단위수량에 따라 다짐 및 마무리에 영향을 미치 므로 ASTM D 4944에 의거하여 급속 함수량 시험기를 이용하여 배치플랜트에서 생산되는 콘크리트의 함 수비를 측정, 관리하였다. 또한 포설 및 다짐에 앞서, 보조기층의 파편을 제거하고 땅을 평탄하게 만들기 위해 그레이더를 활용하였으며, 탠덤롤러를 이용하여 보조기층의 평탄화 작업을 진행하였다. 공항활주로 포장용 기층에 적용하기 위한 투수콘크리트의 포설은 아스팔트 피니셔를 활용하였으며, 다 짐에 따른 역학적 특성 및 내구특성을 분석하기 위하여 무다짐, 탠덤롤러 왕복 1회, 3회 및 5회의 다짐을 통해 최적 다짐방법을 도출하였다. 또한 도로공사 전문시방서에 의거하여 비닐덮기에 의한 양생을 진행하 였으며, 재령 7일에 코어채취를 통하여 압축강도, 투수계수, 연속공극률 및 동결융해 실험을 진행하였다.

본 연구에서는 도로 기층용 콘크리트의 굵은골재 입경에 따른 재령 7일 압축강도 특성을 분석하였다. 골재는 서울 인근에서 채취한 굵은골재 최대치수 25mm 및 40mm의 골재를 사용하였으며, 굵은 골재의 입도분포는 그림 1 및 그림 2와 같다. 또한, 도로 기층용 콘크리트의 배합은 고속도로공사 전문시방서에 의거하여 도로 기층용 콘크리트 기준을 만족할 수 있도록 표 1과 같이 배합표를 제시하였다. 압축강도 측 정을 위해 KS F 2403에 의거하여 ∅150×300mm의 시험체를 제작하여 23±2℃의 항온항습실에서 양생 후 KS F 2405에 의거하여 재령 7일의 압축강도를 측정하였다.

PURPOSES : In this study blast furnace slag, an industrial byproduct, was used with an activating chemicals, Ca(OH)2 and Na2SiO3 for carbon capture and sequestration as well as strength development. METHODS: This paper presents the optimized mixing design of Carbon-Capturing and Sequestering Activated Blast-Furnace Slag Mortar. Design of experiments in order to the optimized mixing design was applied and commercial program (MINITAB) was used. Statistical analysis was used to Box-Behnken (B-B) method in response surface analysis. RESULTS : The influencing factors of experimental are water ratio, Chemical admixture ratio and Curing temperature. In the results of response surface analysis, to obtain goal performance, the optimized mixing design for Carbon-Capturing and Sequestering Activated Blast- Furnace Slag Mortar were water ratio 40%, Chemical admixture ratio 58.78% and Curing temperature of 60℃. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with previous studies of this experiment is to some extent the optimal combination is expected to be reliable.

본 연구에서는 활성 산업부산물을 활용한 탄소흡수용 도로재료 개발 연구의 일환으로 산업부산물인 고로슬래그와 탄소포집 활성화제로 수산화칼슘과 규산나트륨을 사용한 콘크리트의 압축강도 실험을 수행하여 얻어진 결과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 본 실험에서는 탄소포집 활성 고로슬래그 콘크리트의 예비배합으로 다음 표 1과 같은 배합표에 따라 콘크리트 시험체 제작 후 압축강도를 측정하였다. 탄소포집 활성 고로슬래그 콘크리트의 양생온도에 따른 압축강도 실험결과, 양생온도 50℃에서의 28일 압축강도가 최대 약 30MPa 정도의 수준을 나타내었으며, 전반적으로 양생온도가 더 높은 50℃에서 양생 한 시험체의 압축강도가 다소 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탄소포집 활성화제의 첨가량 증가에 따른 압축 강도의 변화폭이 미미한 수준으로 나타났으며, 따라서 추후 실험에서는 배합비, 양생방법 등을 고려한 추가적인 실험이 진행되어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

PURPOSES : As a research to develop a cement treated base course for an airport pavement which can enhance its drainage, this paper investigated the strength, infiltration performance and durability of the pervious concrete with respect to maximum coarse aggregate sizes and compaction methods. METHODS : This study measured compressive strength, infiltration rate, continuous porosity and freeze-thaw resistance of pervious concrete specimens, which were fabricated with five different compaction methods and different maximum aggregate sizes. In addition, in order to reduce the usage of Portland cement content and to enhance environment-friendliness, a portion of the cement was replaced with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). RESULTS: Compressive strength requirement, 5 MPa at 7 days, was met for all applied compaction methods and aggregate sizes, except for the case of self-compaction. Infiltration rate became increased as the size of aggregate increased. The measured continuous porosities varied with the different compaction methods but the variation was not significant. When GGBS was incorporated, the strength requirement was successfully satisfied and the resistance to freezing-thawing was also superior to the required limit. CONCLUSIONS: The infiltration rate increased as the maximum size of aggregate increased but considering construct ability and supply of course aggregate, its size is recommended to be 25mm. With the suggested mix proportions, the developed pervious concrete is expected to successfully meet requirements for strength, drainage and durability for cement treated base or subbase course of an airport pavement.

PURPOSES : To investigate the fundamental characteristics of blast-furnace slag mortar that was hardened with activating chemicals to capture and sequester carbon dioxide. METHODS : Various mix proportions were considered to find an appropriate stregnth development in regards with various dosages of activating chemicals, calcium hydroxides and sodium silicates, and curing conditions, air-dried, wet and underwater conditions. Flow characteristics was investigated and setting time of the mortar was measured. At different ages of 3, 7 and 28days, strength development was investigated for all the mix variables. At each age, samples were analyzed with XRD. RESULTS : The measured flow values showed the mortar lost its flowability as the activating chemicals amount increased in the scale of mole concentration. The setting time of the mortar was relatively shorter than OPC mortar but the initial curing condition was important, such as temperature. The amount of activating chemicals was found not to be critical in the sense of setting time. The strength increased with the increased amount of chemicals. The XRD analysis results showed that portlandite peaks reduced and clacite increased as the age increased. This may mean the Ca(OH)2 keeps absorbing CO2 in the air during curing period. CONCLUSIONS : The carbon capturing and sequestering activated blast-furnace slag mortar showed successful strength gain to be used for road system materials and its carbon absorbing property was verified though XRD analysis.

콘크리트는 내화재료로서 우수한 성능을 발휘하지만 화재가 지속됨에 따른 재료특성 변화 또는 성능저하의 위험을 갖는다. 이 연 구는 실물모형 철근 콘크리트 (RC) 보를 활용하여 비재하 화재 실험을 수행하여 화재노출 전후의 콘크리트 및 보강철근의 재료특성을 실험적 으로 분석한 연구이다. 화재실험에 사용된 보는 길이 4 m의 RC 보로서 KS F 2257 화재실험 규격에 따라 시험 체를 제작 및 화재실험을 수행하 였다. 화원의 가력은 ISO 834의 표준화재 곡선을 사용하였으며 보 가열부에서의 온도를 계측하고자 하면 및 측면에 열전대를 설치하였다. 실 험결과, 화재에 노출된 화재 코어 공시체의 경우 약 11 MPa로 약 66%의 강도저하가 발생하였다. 화재에 직접 노출된 철근의 경우 노출되지 않 은 철근에 비해 약 17%에 해당하는 75 MPa의 항복강도 저하를 나타낸 것으로 분석되었다. 철근의 경우 콘크리트라는 내화피복에 의하여 보호 되어 약 4시간의 화재 실험에서도 온도는 한계온도의 최댓값인 649°C를 크게 상회하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

This study carried out an investigation about damage characteristic of substructure such as pier and abutment of highway bridge. The applied methodology was the average damage analysis according to service life. By using above methodology, damage characteristic of substructure penetrated water included de-icing salt was investigated. It was found that the area where was under heavy snow exhibited higher amount of average damage than that of the area where was under much less snow.

This study intends to suggest a methodology of normalization of inspected highway bridges damage. The noticeable point is to normalize the amount of the inspected accumulated damage on bridges according to a normalizing scale. The normalized damages represent such a characteristics of the bridges. With the normalized damage data, a future maintenance cost can be estimated that can be applicable for determining long-term maintenance strategy.

This study investigated the flexural performance of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite (HPFRCC), which used high strength steel fibers with volume fraction 8%. Under the third-point loading using a closed-loop, servo-controlled testing system (ASTM 1609), load-deflection curves were obtained. The major test variables include silica fume replacement ratio 15% and exposure termperature, ambient and 400°C. The flexural strength was similar to the compressive strength and the absorbed fracture energy was relatively greater than other typical HPFRCC materials. This may be a composite reaction of the strong bonding between steel fiber and matrix and high compressive strength of the matrix itself. Once the specimens were exposed to high temperature 400°C the flexural strength decreased.

The highway bridges required the maintenance have been consistently increased over 8,000. For long term maintenance strategy, it should be focused on utilizing the systemic information from in-depth inspection data. From now, record-based inspection for highway bridges has been usually performed so that it is needed to investigate the in-depth inspection data for identifying the damage characteristics in detail. In this study, with respective to the performance measure of damage characteristic, damage normalization of highway bridges is researched by using the suggested bridge scales such as area, length, vertical distance, number of members. Based on this process, the standard cost for various damages for highway bridges can be estimated and utilized for long-term maintenance strategy.

This study introduces the role of level of service in the asset management for social infrastructures. An overall process to determine the level of service and performance measures were also described. The developed process was applied for actual road infrastructures, pavements, bridges and tunnels and the results were shown briefly.

The needs for consistent maintenance for highway bridge has been increased in nowadays. This study is to investigate fundamental database about in-depth inspection for publishing the repair and strengthening methodology. It is because the maintenance budget should be used effectively for optimal maintenance of infrastructures. In order to investigate the maintenance history of highway bridges, the database of in-depth inspection from 1996 to 2012 was analyzed. For the superstructure type, PSC box girder bridge which was the most common among the concrete bridges in the inspection database was investigated.

This study carried out a fire test for the RC beam to investigate fire performance. It includes the analysis for materials strength change of concrete and steel and heat transfer capacity of the concrete beam. Fire curve and standard test method was applied with ISO 834 and KS F 2257, respectively. The result of fire test will be used for parametric study using numerical analysis to verify heat transfer characteristic of RC beam structure.

As the service period of bridges becomes increased the maintenance and management of existing bridges become also more important. Korea Expressway Corporation has collected data on the maintenance for a long period but those obtained data has rarely been thoroughly analyzed for the maintenance purposes. This study investigated the service life of extension joint of bridge among various bridge members and this attempt should be very meaningful as using the data obtained from the field. The service life of the extension joints can be used for the development of maintenance strategy in the future.