Long term variations of fish assemblage in the coastal waters of Bukchon-ri were determined using samples collected by trammel net from 2012 to 2022. Water temperature increased by 0.4℃ in 2022 that was less then 2012. During the survey period, a total of 95 species (53 families and 15 orders) of fishes were identified, Scorpaeniformes (five families and 22 species) and Perciformes (25 families and 39 species) accounted for 73% of the total number. The number of species was higher in summer than winter, showing a peak in summer at 66 species and lower in winter and autumn at 45 species. The number of individuals and the biomass peaked in summer at 1,238 individuals and 280.1 kg, and were the lowest in autumn at 597 individuals and 155.4 kg. The annual diversity index, evenness index and richness index were appeared 2.11-2.80, 0.64-0.80 and 4.70-7.34 at each years. The dominance index were appeared highest in 2014 while 2021 were appeared the lowest in 2017. The subtropical fishes were identified total of 38 species (40.0%) and the number of species was higher in 2022 at 22 (52.4%) species and lower in 2015-2017 at each 10 (31.3-37.0%) species. The dominant species of subtropical fishes were appeared rabbit fish (Siganus fuscescens), boxfish (Ostracion immaculatus), smallscale blackfish (Girella melanichthys), flag fish (Goniistius zonatus), stripey (Microcanthus strigatus), rock porgy (Oplegnathus punctatus), and bluestriped angelfish (Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis) in study sites.

The purpose of this study is to provide information about annual variations in catch size and changes in reproductive biology in the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, a commercially important species in Jeju Island. Samples were collected from coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea by coastal trap fishery from January to November 2021. Octopus vulgaris have been decreasing in this region since 1984. The mantle length (ML) ranged from 4.5 to 17.8 cm and body weight (BW) ranged form 88.5 to 2,657.5 g. A χ 2 -test revealed that the number of males was significantly greater than females (χ 2 = 32.712, df = 10, P<0.05). Mature females were found from January to July and male occurred January to August. The gonadosomatic index value was higher from July to August than other months. The relationship between mantle length and body weight was BW = 2.4527ML 2.3139 (female) and BW = 2.6785ML 2.3159 (male). At 50% group maturity, female and male average weight was estimated to be 554.7 g and 330.6 g, respectively.

Species composition and variation of catches in the coastal waters of Sinsan of Jeju Island were determined using samples collected by a set net from May 2014 to October 2015. During the survey period, a total of 55 species (51 species, 35 families and 11 orders in fishes, 4 species, 2 families and 2 orders in cephalopods) were occurred, and Perciformes (28 species) were dominant fishes in this area. In the number of individuals and biomass, the small pelagic fishes such as Trachurus japonicus and Scomber japonicus were occurred abundantly, and both species accounted for 95.9% of the total catch by a fishing logbook of a set net. In the results of length-frequency distribution of small pelagic fishes caught by a set net in Sinsan, T. japonicus showed a range from 3.5-19.1 cm (average 8.8 cm) and S. japonicus showed a range from 7.0-25.6 cm (average 16.8 cm). In addition, these were mostly immature fishes.

A seasonal characteristic of fish assemblages in the coastal waters of Gapa-do was determined using samples collected by a trammel net from 2015 to 2019. Annual mean temperature and salinity were 18.9℃, 33.6 psu (2015), 19.5℃, 33.6 psu (2016), 18.9℃, 33.8 psu (2017), 18.8℃, 34.5 psu (2018) and 19.5℃, 33.7 psu (2019), which show a stable water mass. During the survey period, a total of 50 species (30 families and 8 orders) of fishes were identified, including Scorpaeniformes (3 families and 9 species) and Perciformes (18 families and 29 species) that accounted for 68% of the total number. The number of species was higher in summer than in winter, showing the peak in the summer by 35 species and the low in the winter by 20 species. The number of individuals and the biomass peaked in the summer by 690 individuals and 151.4 kg, and were the lowest in the autumn by 336 individuals and 76.6 kg. The annual diversity index, evenness index and richness index were appeared to be 2.54-2.75, 0.68-0.76 and 5.32-6.65 at each stations. The dominance index was appeared to be the highest in 2018 and the lowest in 2015. Marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus), rock fish (Sebastes inermis), filefish (Stephanolepis cirrhifer), rabbit fish (Siganus fuscescens), porcupine fish (Diodon holocanthus) and smallscale blackfish (Girella melanichthys) were dominant species, which occurred abundantly during the entire survey period. Subtropical fishes were identified as a total of 24 species (48.0%) and the number of species was higher in 2019 by 20 (60.6%) species and lower in 2015 by 13 (44.8%) species. The dominant species of the subtropical fishes were appeared to be rabbit fish, porcupine fish, smallscale blackfish, flag fish (Goniistius zonatus), stripey (Microcanthus strigatus), grunter (Parapristipoma trilineatum), and bluestriped angelfish (Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis) at the study sites.

The occurrence of eggs of hairtail, Trichiurus japonicus was examined in the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea in spring from May to June in 2014, April to May in 2015, and April to in 2016. As a whole, hairtail eggs occurred abundantly in May, 2014. Especially, high densities over 300 ind./1,000 m3 of eggs abundances in May and June, 2014 occurred in the north-western area of Jeju Island where is upwelling phenomenon occurred throughout the year. In the relationship between T-S and the hairtail eggs abundances, high densities over 100 ind./1,000 m3 of eggs abundances occurred in temperature of 18.1-18.7℃ and salinity of 33.92-34.87‰ in May when hairtail eggs occurred abundantly.

Reproductive ecology of rabbit fish, Siganus fuscescens were investigated from samples collected monthly in the coastal waters off Jeju Island of Korea from February to December 2014. In male and female of S. fuscescens, the values of GSI were reached high values between July to August in which the water temperature was high, and then decreased until December. The occurrence of individuals which have mature eggs in ovary were higher from July to August. Therefore, a main spawning season was estimated from July to August, with the highest peak in July. Throughout histological observation of the ovary in the spawning period, S. fuscescens belong to an group-synchronous and has a one spawning season a year. Fecundity of ovary ranged from 380,000 to 2,600,000 during the spawning period. Size at 50% sexual maturity, determined from logistic equation, were 25.1 cm TL which is over two years.

The ichthyoplanktons were sampled by Bongo net to study the distribution of the eggs and larvae in the West coastal waters of Korea during the study period (February, May, August and October of 2017). Collected fish eggs were divided into Engraulis japonicus and unidentified species. The most dominant species, Engraulis japonicus accounted for 79.52% of the total fish egg, which was followed by unidentified species (20.48%). The total of 36 taxa in fish larvae were identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Fish larvae were dominant by Gobiidae species. 48.30% of the total catch in abundance, which was followed by Engraulis japonicus (31.86%). These two taxa composed 80.16% of the total collected fish larvae. The seasonal diversity index of species from the collected fish larvae in the West coastal waters in 2017 was 0.625-1.883 and the evenness index was 0.380-0.865. In addition, dominance index was 0.618-0.920 and richness was 0.573-3.189.

The distribution of eggs and larvae of mackerel, Scomber japonicus was examined in the coast of Jeju island, Korea in spring from April to May in 2013 and May to June in 2014. In the monthly variations of mean abundances, as a whole, mackerel eggs were observed abundantly in April, 2013, and mackerel larvae were observed abundantly in June, 2014. Especially, high densities over 5,000 ind./1,000 m3 of mean eggs abundances were observed in the eastern part of Jeju Island where is water temperature was over 18℃. It can be inferred that these areas were major spawning grounds of mackerel around Jeju island, and that it may be caused by influences of the Tsushima warm current.