PURPOSES: This paper presents the development and evaluation of the smart hardware-in-the-loop systems (SMART-HILS) that evaluate traffic signal operations of a new real-time traffic signal control system called SMART SIGNAL at the traffic management center (TMC) level. METHODS: The layouts of the hardware and software components of the SMART-HILS were introduced in this study and its performance was tested using real-time traffic signal operation algorithms embedded in the SMART SIGNAL control server by utilizing the VISSIM simulation model. In this study, the SMART-HILS management software was developed using .NET programming language. Fewer random seed numbers were used for the test scenarios by conducting statistical tests to address the shortcomings of a longer time due to the adoption of the simulation time as the real-time by the TMC server. RESULTS : It was determined that SMART-HILS can communicate with TMC and VISSIM for both upload and download directions within acceptable time constraints and evaluate new design algorithms for traffic signal timing. CONCLUSIONS : In practice, traffic engineers can utilize SMART-HILS for testing the traffic signal operation alternatives before their selection and implementation. This application could increase the productivity of traffic signal operation.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement effect of the distributed arrangement of a vehicle base, which is a policy on maximizing the cost efficiency and timely/spatial effectiveness of special transportation system (STS) operation for improving the mobility of the elderly and disabled. METHODS: (1) The characteristics of the current distributed arrangement of an STS vehicle base in an urban area was analyzed. (2) The quantitative improvement effect was derived by analyzing the actual measurement of operation during STS distributed arrangement test operation in Namyangju city. RESULTS : (1) Cities with large area and populations, which have a distributed living zone in an urban area, have a higher distributed arrangement ratio than urbanized smaller cities. (2) Based on the effectiveness analysis of the STS distributed arrangement test operation, the total travel time and distance decreased. CONCLUSIONS : (1) For the STS distributed arrangement, parking spots, driver standby, and restrooms must be prepared. Facilitating STS as a public institution consignment makes it easier to secure a vehicle base and management by utilizing public facilities. (2) Implementing the STS distributed arrangement of vehicle base allows for efficient response to demand through effective management of vehicles, which eventually decreases travel time and distance. This decrease not only reduces management costs but also increases supply expansion without an increase in the number of vehicles.

PURPOSES: Most of the traffic surveys are carried out by an inspection method by the manpower. In some cases, the video equipment is used only in some regions when the traffic volume is surveyed. In this case, there is environmental restriction that the road equipment to fix the video equipment should exist. Also, in areas where information such as digital maps and satellite photographs is old or not provided, they are forced to rely on manpower research, but it is difficult to put huge amounts of time and money into the research in places where labor supply and demand is difficult. This difficulty is particularly pronounced in overseas business. METHODS : The purpose of this study is to improve the efficiency of business by using the drones in the traffic investigation through analysis of the cost reduction effect between the existing method and the proposed method in the overseas business traffic survey. The scope of the research is limited to the scope of research, and based on the case of overseas projects, the method of using drone for each research sector is suggested. RESULTS: In the traffic condition survey section, we propose the use of drone for traffic survey and queue length survey, and it is confirmed that there is a cost saving effect of 16% ~ 27% compared with the existing method. In the road condition survey, we propose the use of drones for road surface linear survey, geometry survey, and obstacle survey, and it was confirmed that the cost reduction effect is 39% ~ 93% compared to the existing method. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to overseas business, it is expected that it will have a positive effect on research time and cost reduction by using drone in traffic survey in domestic area where labor supply is not easy or basic data is insufficient.

PURPOSES : In this study, analyze the characteristics of IOC indicator 'threshold' which is needed when evaluating the traffic signal operation status with ESPRESSO in various grade road traffic environment of Seoul metropolitan city and derive suggested value to use in field practice. METHODS : Using the computerized database program (Postgresql), we extracted data with regional characteristics (Arterial, Collector road) and temporal characteristics (peak hour, non-peak hour). Analysis of variance and Duncan's validation were performed using statistical analysis program (SPSS) to confirm whether the extracted data contains statistical significance. RESULTS: The analysis period of the main and secondary arterial roads was confirmed to be suitable from 14 days to 60 days. For the arterial, it is suggested to use 20 km/h as the critical speed for PM peak hour and weekly non peak hour. It is suggested to use 25 km/h as the critical speed for AM peak hour and night non peak hour. As for the collector road, it is suggested to use 20 km/h as the critical speed for PM peak hour and weekly non peak hour. It is suggested to use 30 km/h as the critical speed for AM peak hour and night non peak hour. CONCLUSIONS : It is meaningful from a methodological point of view that it is possible to make a reasonable comparative analysis on the signal intersection pre-post analysis when the signal operation DB is renewed by breaking the existing traffic signal operation evaluation method.

최근 국내에서 교통운영체계 개선 사업이 활성화 되어 시행되고 있다. 운전자 안전 및 운전지원 서비스 개선을 신호운영을 통해 도출해 내려는 움직임이 활발해졌다. 이러한 노력의 성과를 이해하기 위한 다양한 평가방법이 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 이러한 평가 방식은 조사원에 의한 현장 주행 조사가 평가 방식의 대부분이었으며, 주관적 요인이 간섭되는 방식이다. 상기 시스템으로부터 탈피하기 위하여, 객관적인 교통정보 이력자료를 활용하는 ‘혼잡강도(Intensity of Congestion; IOC)’ 지표를 활용하는 신호교차로 운영 평가방법이 연구되나, 혼잡강도 지표 값을 결정하는 ‘분석 기간과 임계 속도’에 대한 공학적 지침이 부족하다. 본 논문은 시간적 특성과 지역적 특성을 반영한 도로 등급별(주간선도로, 보조간선도로) 분석을 적용하여 ‘혼잡 강도’ 지표 내 임계값을 제안하는 연구 내용을 전달한다. 본 연구에 사용된 자료는 5분 단위로 누적된 2016년 서울특별시 TOPIS 링크별 교통소통 속도자료이다. 상기 자료를 분석을 위해 데이터베이스 프로그램을 사용하여 ‘혼잡강도’ 지표 내 임계값을 변환하며 신호교차로 운영상태 개선 전과 후 일정 기간 교통소통 이력자료를 비교하는 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 임계속도 값으로 10 km/h, 15 km/h, 20 km/h, 25 km/h, 30 km/h를 고려하였다. 분석 기간으로 신호교차로 운영상태 개선 전 1일, 7일, 14일, 30일, 60일을 적용하였고 분석 일마다 오전, 오후첨두시와 주간, 야간비첨두시로 분류 분석을 수행하였으며, 분석 대상 교차로로 서울특별시 강남권, 강북권의 신호교차로를 선정하여 시공간적 특성을 반영한 연구를 수행하였다. 일원분산분석 및 던컨 검증분석에 의하여 분석 기간 설정에 따른 대표 임계속도를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 통계 분석 결과, 주간선도로의 오전, 오후 첨두시간의 경우 25 km/h와 20 km/h를 임계속도로 사용하는 것이 효율적이었다. 주간 비첨두시간과 야간 비첨두 시간은 1일의 경우 15 km/h와 30 km/h를 사용하는 것이 효율적이었으며 7일, 14일, 30일, 60일의 경우 20 km/h, 25 km/h, 30 km/h를 사용하는 것이 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 보조 간선도로의 오전 점두시간은 1일의 경우 25 km/h를 사용하는 것이 효율적이었으며 7일, 14일, 30일, 60일의 경우 30 km/h를 사용하는 것이 효율적이었다. 오후 첨두시간, 주간 비첨두시간의 경우 20 km/h 임계속도로 사용하는 것이 효율적이었다. 야간 비첨두시간의 경우 30 km/h를 임계속도로 사용하는 것이 효율적이었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 신호운영 및 신호교차로 평가에 대한 연구가 추가적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.