김정한의 소설은 오랫동안 문학 교과서에서 정전의 자리를 차지했으나, 2012 고시 교육과정 이후 소외 되었다. 이 논문은 김정한 소설이 현대의 독자들에게 공명하지 못하는 이유에서 역설적으로 문학교육적 가 치를 찾고자 한다. 창작 과정에 개입한 이데올로기와 창작 당시 맥락에 주목하면, 비판적 문식성을 함양하 기 위한 교육 제재로서 김정한 소설의 가치를 재발견할 수 있다. 김정한 소설을 본문 제재로 수록한 마지막 교과서는 ｢산거족｣에서 주인공의 정의로움과 저항적 의지를 부각하며 학습자가 그것을 내면화하기를 유도 한다. 이는 현대의 독자들에게 크게 공명하기 어렵다. 이 논문은 ｢산거족｣에서 인물 형상화 과정에 개입된 창작 당시의 이데올로기와 맥락에 주목하여, 애국주의와 영웅주의 그리고 당대 심층적 토대였던 근대적 동 일성이 작가에게 영향을 미쳤다는 사실을 교육내용으로 제안한다. 이 교육내용은 비판적 문식성을 함양하 고, 창작 당시 망탈리테와 더불어 작가의식의 유동성과 구성성 그리고 망탈리테의 역사성과 상대성까지 교 육할 수 있다.

This paper elucidates the novel direction of food research in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution characterized by personalized approaches. Since conventional approaches for identifying novel food materials for health benefits are expensive and time-consuming, there is a need to shift towards AI-based approaches which offer more efficient and costeffective methods, thus accelerating progress in the field of food science. However, relevant research papers in this field present several challenges such as regional and ethnic differences and lack of standardized data. To tackle this problem, our study proposes to address the issues by acquiring and normalizing food and biological big data. In addition, the paper demonstrates the association between heath status and biological big data such as metabolome, epigenome, and microbiome for personalized healthcare. Through the integration of food-health-bio data with AI technologies, we propose solutions for personalized healthcare that are both effective and validated.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs has been used as a very important tool to produce transgenic for the pharmaceutical protein, xenotransplantation, and disease model and basic research of cloned animals. However, the production efficiency of SCNT embryos is very low in pigs and miniature pigs. The type of donor cell is an important factor influencing the production efficiency of these cloned pigs. Here, we investigated the developmental efficiency of SCNT embryos to blastocysts and full term development using fetal fibroblasts (FF) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to identify a suitable cell type as donor cell. We isolated each MSCs and FF from the femoral region and fetus. Cultured donor cell was injected into matured embryos for cloning. After that, we transferred cloned embryos into surrogate mothers. In term of in vitro development, the SCNT embryos that used MSCs had significantly higher in cleavage rates than those of FF (81.5% vs. 72%) (p<0.05), but the blastocyst formation rates and apoptotic cell ratio was similar (15.1%, 6.18% vs. 20.8%, 9.32%). After embryo transferred to surrogates, nine and nineteen clone piglets were obtained from the MSCs and FF group, respectively, without significant differences in pregnancy and birth rate (50%, 40% vs. 52.3%, 45.4%) (p>0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the corpus hemorrhagicum numbers of ovary, according to pregnancy, abortion, and delivery of surrogate mothers between MSCs and FF groups. Therefore, the MSCs and FF are useful donor cells for production of clone piglets through SCNT, and can be used as important basic data for improving the efficiency of production of transgenic clone pigs in the future.

In the present study, the antinociceptive profiles of Dianthus chinensis L extract were examined in ICR mice. Dianthus chinensis L extract administered orally (200 mg/kg) showed an antinociceptive effect as measured by the tail-flick and hot-plate tests. In addition, Dianthus chinensis L extract attenuated the writhing numbers in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. Furthermore, the cumulative nociceptive response time for intrathecal (i.t.) injection of substance P (0.7 μg) was diminished by Dianthus chinensis L extract. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with yohimbine (α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) attenuated antinociceptive effect induced by Dianthus chinensis L extract in the writhing test. However, naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist) or methysergide (5-HT serotonergic receptor antagonist) did not affect antinociception induced by Dianthus chinensis L extract in the writhing test. Our results suggest that Dianthus chinensis L extract shows an antinociceptive property in various pain models. Furthermore, this antinociceptive effect of Dianthus chinensis L extract may be mediated by α2-adrenergic receptor, but not opioidergic and serotonergic receptors.