The number of livestock that is being raised worldwide is increasing every year due to the increase of human meat consumption. In Korea, the number of breeding numbers is steadily increasing every year due to the high rate of intensification and massification. However, in order to prevent further spread of livestock infectious diseases immediately after the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease and avian influenza, large-scale burial of livestock was carried out in a short period of time. As a result of inadequate land- Pollution is occurring. Incineration and other treatments are difficult in reality due to domestic livestock environment conditions, so they are mostly processed according to buried method. In this study, the animal carcass (chicken and duck) with a moisture content of about 70% were dried with microwave at the final function rate of about 10~20% to solve the problem using mobile incineration method of burial method. It is meaningful to make it a porous solid fuel that is easy to incinerate animal carcass in order to fundamentally solve the environmental pollution by drying them. In addition, this study examined problems caused by butchery animal treatment and conducted a recognition survey on 1,000 adult consumers nationwide about the treatment of livestock with diseases. Therefore, it would be necessary to develop an effective treatment method for animal carcass considering the resources of animal carcasses.

The authors have demonstrated white oraganic light-emitting diodes (WOLED) using 1,4-bis[2-(4'-diphenylaminobiphenyl-4-yl)vinyl]benzene as fluorescent blue emitter and iridium(III) bis(5-acetyl-2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2') acetylacetonate as phosphorescent red emitter. The optimized WOLED using red host material as bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate exhibited proper color stability in comparison with the control device using 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl as red host. The white device showed a maximum luminance of 21100 cd/m2 at 14 V, luminous efficiency of 9.7 cd/A at 20 mA/cm2, and Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIEx,y)coordinates of (0.32, 0.34) at 1000 cd/m2. The devices also exhibited the color shift with δCIEx,y coordinates of ± (0.01,0.01) from 100 to 20000 cd/m2.

In this study, the drying characteristics of medicinal (Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus linteus) and edible (Pleurotus eryngii, Lentinus edodes) mushrooms were investigated. Their shrinkage ratios, Hunter’s color values, and rehydration ratios were evaluated. Mushrooms were cut with rectangular (1 cm) and square (1×1 cm) shapes, and dried in the room temperature and at 50℃ and 70℃ using hot-air dryer. Initial moisture contents of edible mushrooms were higher than those of medicinal mushrooms, whereas final moisture contents were vice versa. Drying rate was the highest when drying at 70℃ (p<0.05). Moreover the drying rate of square slices was higher than that of rectangular slices (p<0.05). The shrinkage ratios of both medicinal mushrooms and edible mushrooms were the least when drying at 50℃ and 70℃, respectively (p<0.05). The changes of color values were less in the medicinal mushrooms dried in the room temperature than in the hot-air dried medicinal mushrooms (p<0.05). However, in case of edible mushrooms, the changes of color values were less in the hot-air dried mushrooms (p<0.05). Rehydration ratios of medicinal mushrooms dried at 50℃ was the highest (p<0.05). In contrast, rehydration ratios of edible mushrooms was the highest when drying in the room temperature (p<0.05). Thus, the hot-air drying at 50℃ would be suggested as the efficient drying method for both medicinal mushrooms and edible mushrooms.

Bt gene derived from the B. thuringiensis has been used for developing GM crops, and corn, cotton and soybean producing B. thuringiensis toxins have been on the market for last 17 years or so creating a huge GM seed industry. One of the notorious pests in brassica crops is diamondback moth (DBM). In order to protect the insect plague of crops from DBM, 4-5 billion dollars have been wasted annually for applying integrated measures in worldwide. Major prevention is use of pesticides that may build the contamination level of chemicals in the ground and this practice threats the environment and ecosystem. An alternative is to develop GM brassica crops and therefore we have developed GM cabbages resistant DBM using bt gene. Lots of T0 cabbages were tested for resistance and independent GM cabbages resistant to DBM were selected. Molecular analysis was conducted to find if GM cabbage holds one copy transgene and intergenic insertion. We found an independent GM cabbage and it contained a singly copy of the transgene without disturbing the insertion site. This one called C95 line with an status of event have been self-crossed for two generation (T2). Also we are working the development of GM cabbage with different vector that contains bar gene as a selection marker. So far 17 T0 cabbages have been obtained by bar selection.

Bt gene derived from the B. thuringiensis has been used for developing GM crops, and corn, cotton and soybean producing B. thuringiensis toxins have been on the market for last 16 years or so creating a huge GMO industry. One of the notorious pests in brassica crops is diamond backmoth (DBM). In order to protect the insect plague of crops from DBM, 4-5 billion dollars have been wasted annually for applying integrated measures in worldwide. Major prevention is use of pesticides that may build the contamination level of chemicals in the ground and this practice threats the environment and ecosystem. An alternative is to develop GM brassica crops and therefore we have developed GM cabbages resistant DBM using bt gene. Lots of T0 cabbages were tested for resistance and independent GM cabbages resistant to DBM were selected. Molecular analysis was conducted to find GM cabbage to hold one copy transgene and intergenic insertion. We found two independent GM cabbages as an event and those have been self-crossed for two generation. Also we are working the development of GM cabbage with different vector that contains bar gene as a selection marker.