This experiment was carried out to study the change of productivity and feed value in different types of hilly pasture. The pasture utilized in the experiment was placed on the experimental farm of Pyeongchang Campus of Seoul National University. Forage production type(FP; Orchardgrass 18 + Tall Fescue 12 + Timothy 5 + White clover 5 kg/ha) and Public farm type(PF: Orchardgrass 12 + Tall Fescue 18 + Timothy 5 + White clover 5 kg/ha) pasture were established in September 3, 2014 and utilized (cutting or grazing) four times every year. Growth characteristics, yield and forage quality were investigated for two years. Plant height of grasses was the highest in the 1st cutting and legumes was in the 2nd cutting. Dry matter (DM) content was highest at every the 1st cut grasses significantly lower at the 2nd harvest (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th harvest in 2016. In the botanical composition change, the portion of legume was gradually increased after pasture establishment and the ratio of weed and bare land was higher at 2nd and 3rd cutting, but it was decreased at 4th harvest. There was no significant difference in 2016 of fresh yield between two farm types (p>0.05). The yield of dry matter showed similar trend of fresh yield and forage production type was higher than that of public farm type (p<0.05). The forage intake by livestock was 1,452 kg/ha in 2015 and 1,743 kg/ha in 2016. Pasture utilization ratio of public farm type pasture was highest in the 3rd grazing time. Forage quality of pasture in relation to management type had not significant difference, but there was difference in harvest times. Crude protein (CP) was the lowest in the 1st harvest and total digestible nutrient (TDN) was highest in the 1st harvest and lowest in the 4th harvest. Based on the above results, it is found that the establishment of pasture suitable for farm’s situation is important for set up of Korean model of hilly pasture. Although the forage production type is superior on forage productivity, it is recommended that the results will be provided as basic data for management of public farm type in the future.

야간 온도 차이가 생육 및 화색에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 4월 초순 화뢰가 완전히 출현한 다음 화분상태로 자연광이 있는 생장상으로 옮겨 주간/야간 온도를 25/15oC, 25/20oC, 25/25oC로 90일간 달리하 여 처리하였다. 그 후 잎이 노화될 때까지 생육 및 개화특성을 조사하였다. 온도차에 따른 생육특성을 보 면, 25/15oC처리에서 초폭의 수치가 높았으며, 엽내 엽록소함량도 다른 처리에 비해 높았다. 생장상에 입실 후 광합성 속도를 조사한 결과 25/15oC와 25/20oC에 서는 큰 차이 없이 유지되었으나 25/25oC에서는 입실 20일 후 급격히 감소하였다. 25/15oC와 25/20oC에서는 개화기간이 각각 23, 25일로 23일 이상을 유지하였으 나 25/25oC로 야간 온도가 높은 처리구에서는 개화기 간이 13일로 짧았다. 온도차에 따른 개화특성은 주/야 간 온도를 25/15oC로 처리시 화수장이 17.2cm로 가 장 길었고 소화수도 한 화경에 18.2개로 가장 많았다. 화색은 처리 온도차에 따라서 확연히 구분되었는데, 25/15oC에서 화색을 측정한 결과 red를 나타내는 a값 이 37.5로 가장 높았고 화피내 안토시아닌 함량도 2.6mg/100g으로 가장 높은 수치를 보였다.

Olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus is one of the most widely cultured fish species in Korea. Although olive flounder receive attention from aquaculture and fisheries and extensive research has been conducted eye morphological change in metamorphosis, but little information was known to molecular mechanism and gene expression of eye development- related genes during the early part of eye formation period. For the reason of eyesight is the most important sense in flounder larvae to search prey, the screening and identification of expressed genes in the eye will provide useful insight into the molecular regulation mechanism of eye development in olive flounder. Through the search of an olive flounder DNA database of expressed sequence tags (EST), we found a partial sequence that was similar to crystallin beta A1 and gamma S. Microscopic observation of retinal formation correspond with the time of expression of the crystallin beta A1 and gamma S gene in the developmental stage, these result suggesting that beta A1 and gamma S play a vital role in the remodeling of the retina during eye development. The expression of crystallin beta A1 and gamma S were obviously strong in eye at all tested developing stage, it is also hypothesized that crystallin acts as a molecular chaperone to prevent protein aggregation during maturation and aging in the eye.