Milky white spots appeared on red bean leaves in a red bean cultivation area located in Jangyeon-myeon, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk Province. After culturing the pathogen in PDA medium, their morphology was observed, and their genes were BLAST-searched in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The pathogen was identified as a fungus called Rhizopus arrhizus. As a result of reinoculating the isolated pathogen on red beans, the same symptoms as those in the isolated leaves occurred. Characteristic colonies of R. arrhizuson PDA medium initially showed a bright color and then changed to dark gray over time, with mostly spherical sporangia. The sporangiospores were spherical or elliptical, mostly irregular, and small in size. Therefore, based on these results, this disease has not yet been reported in red beans and was called red bean brown leaf blight caused by Rhizopus arrhizus A. Fisch (syn. R. oryzae).

The occurrence status of eggs and adults of Pochazia shantungensis, Lycorma delicatula, and Lymantria dispar was investigated in the Chungcheongbuk-do region. The results showed that the overwintering eggs of P. shantungensis occurred in 24.2% of the region in 2021 and 22.1% in 2022, while adults occurred in 25.2% in 2021 and 24.3% in 2022, indicating the highest occurrence among the pests studies in this research. The occurrence of overwintering eggs of L. delicatula was relatively low, with 2.6% of the region affected in 2021 and 1.9% in 2022. Adults of L.delicatula occurred in 3.2% of the region in 2021 and 3.6% in 2022, while they were not undiscovered in Jeungpyeong, Jincheon, Goesan, and Danyang areas. Their area of occurrence was less than 3% of the region, and the volume of occurrence was not very large. Overwintering eggs of L.dispar occurred in 4.1% of the area in 2021 and 1.7% in 2022, showing a decreasing tendency compared to the previous year, and their occurrence was only low to middle in terms of the degree of occurrence.

Modern football has transformed into a scientific football based on data. With this trend, various methods for tactics studies and outcome prediction have been developed on the perspective of data analysis. In this paper, we propose a structural equation model for football game. We analyze critical factors that affect to the winning of game except psychological parts and the causal relationship between latent variables and observed variables is statistically verified through the proposed structural equation model. The results show that the Passing ability and the Ball possession affect to the Attack ability, and consequently it has a positive impact on the winning of game.

본 논문은 우리나라 전통문화 유산인 울산 반구대 암각화를 소재로 바위에 새겨진 인물상을 되살리고 캐릭터를 입체적인 3D 영상으로 재현함으로써 새로운 전통문화콘텐츠로의 활용가능성을 보이고자 한다. 이는 전통과 문화산업, 시각예술 분야에서 새로운 시도가 될 것이며, 최근의 트랜드인 융복합적 디지털 콘텐츠, 미디어 아트, 게임 캐릭터 등 다양한 소재로의 응용가능성을 제공한다. 이론적 고찰에서 가상현실에 대한 기술적 현황을 살펴본 후 3D MAX를 이용한 모션그래픽의 영상 제작과정을 기술하고, 구현된 디지털 콘텐츠가 창의적 시각적 표현요소로써의 차별화된 의미적, 예술적, 조형적 활용 가능성과 방향에 대해 제시하고자 한다.