‘Yuyeon’, a new ruminant-palatable barley cultivar, was developed from the cross between ‘Suwon311’ and SB86648〔CMB81A-2149 / Saeolbori // Buheung / Gangbori / 5 / Bera-olbori / Horisee-Buheung // bengei / 3 / Olbori-Daechi-Hagane / 4 / T.beared〕by the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA in 2006. Among the cross made in 1996, a promising line, SB961012-B-B-1, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield trial tested in Suwon in 2001. In 2004, it was designated as ‘Suwon 406’ and placed in regional yield trials at five locations around Korea for three years from 2004 to 2006, and was released as the name of ‘Yuyeon’. It belong to maturity group Ⅲ and shows erect leaf type and compact spike with types of hoods. Its heading date was Apr. 27, which was 2 days earlier than that of the check cultivar ‘Olbori’ (‘Sunwoo’), and early dough stage, which was May. 30 which was same date of that of the check cultivar. ‘Yuyeon’ showed weaker winter hardiness, but better resistance to lodging, shattering and BaYMV than those of check cultivar. It showed higher crude protein content, grade of silage quality than those of check cultivar. The average forage yield in the regional yield trial was 10.47 MT/ha, which was 1% lower than that of the check cultivar. Cattles fed with silage from ‘Yuyeon’ (hood type) showed higher feed concentrate requirement (12.9 kg/day/body) and daily weight gain (1.46 kg/day) than those of cattles fed with silage from ‘Olbori’ (rough awn). This cultivar would be suitable for the area whose daily minimum temperature was above -8℃ in January in Korean peninsula.

A ruminant-palatable barley cultivar, Soman (Hordeum vulgare L.), with early maturing, high silage quality and high yield, was developed from the cross between SB79124〔Bengei-Ginomeo-Buheung-Morsen-Hagane/Gangbori〕and SB77189 〔Samjug/Riso82//Olbori〕in 1994. A promising line “SB941067-B-B-B-45” was selected in 1998. It performed well in the preliminary and advanced yield trials for two years from 2002 to 2003. The line was designated ‘Suwon 404’ through the regional yield trials (RYT) at six sites for three years from 2004 to 2006. Its growth habit was winter type (Ⅲ) with greenish leaves, medium culm and compact density of spike setting. Its heading date and early dough stage were Apr. 23 and May 26 respectively, which were 6 days earlier than those of check cultivar ‘Olbori’. ‘Soman’ showed weaker winter hardiness, but better resistance to lodging, shattering, and BaYMV (Barley yellow mosaic virus) than those of check cultivar ‘Sunwoo’. It showed 1.7% higher TDN content on whole-crop-silage than that of check cultivar ‘Sunwoo’. Its average of forage yield in regional yield trials was 10.31 MT/ha, which was 4% higher than that of the check cultivar.

A new barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) cultivar ‘Wooho’ was developed by Honam National Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) in 2005. It had good forage characteristics (smooth awn) and showed high forage production in the 5 locations of paddy field. ‘Wooho’ was developed from the cross between SB87125〔Oweol//(SB77011)/SB79124 (Bengei//Hagane/ Bunong) ///Y7213-SD607-CM67-Milyang12〕and SB83024 (1012.2-IB65/Ol//Samheung/Suwon18-Gang) made in 1994. Subsequent selections were made throuhg bulked and pedigree selection methods. SB94104-B-B-B-B-79 was selected for smooth awn and agronomic performance in 2001 and placed in preliminary yield trial. In 2003, it was designated as ‘Suwon 396’ and performed regional yield trials. The average forage yield of ‘Wooho’ were 11.0 MT/ha and 10.9 MT/ha at May 20 and drought stage, respectively. The shattering rate of ‘Wooho’ was lower than that of ‘Ol’. It showed superior forage quality to the check variety when harvest early drought stage. ‘Wooho’ would be recommended as a cultivar of barley for whole crop forage with smooth awn.

Wild peanut species have proven to be an important germplasm resource. The objective of this study was to characterize interspecific crossability among 3 cultivars and 5 wild species of the peanut. Hybrids were acquired from crosses among three cultivars and five wild diploid species, respectively. A. sylvestirs A. Chev. evidenced the highest degree of crossability among the three cultivars. In the Valencia type, the combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. IT187846 and A. sylvestirs A. Chev. formed 32.7% pegs. Pods were developed in 98.8%, and seeds were produced at a rate of 49.4%, a higher percentage than was observed with the Virginia or Spanish types. Peg formation from pollinated flowers was increased by 18.4∼62.1% via the application of GA3, as opposed to the 26.3∼34.7% control value. The combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang and A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory resulted in 93.9% peg formation. Seeds set in 24.2∼26.9% from the pegs, representing a 4.2∼16.3% increase over the 10.8∼24.3% control values. As the result of GA3 treatment of flowers after pollination, the peg emergence ratio increased significantly, but seed formation increased only by a small amount. The pods of the interspecific hybrid were smaller than those of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang, and a portion of the pod had immature seeds or abnormal seeds. Via PCR-RAPD method, we were able to determine that the exotic DNA had been integrated from A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory to A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang.

The genus Arachis L. is distributed widely throughout South America. This genus encompasses 80 described species, and 31 species belong to section Arachis, which is divided into diploid and tetraploid species. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics and genetic relationships among A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang and thirteen germplasms, using RAPD techniques. Peanut plants were cultivated in pots (1.2×0.8 m2) with clay loam in a glass-covered greenhouse and genetic relationship was identified by DNA polymorphisms using PCR. Thirteen germplasms bloomed between June 18th and June 25th, the majority of which bloomed 3∼10 days later than Daekwang (June 15th). The leaf size of A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory was similar to that of Daekwang, three germplasms, A. monticola Krapov. & Rig., A. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassler, and A. dardani Krapov. & W. C. Gregory, were bigger than Daekwang, but the others were smaller. Twelve germplasms evidenced peduncle longer than those of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang. All of the seeds of the germplasms were smaller than those of Daekwang (76.2 g), and the weight of 100 mature seeds ranged from 6.0∼36.1 g in sections Arachis, Erectoides, Procumbentes, and Heteranthaes. The genetic relationship distance was determined among Daekwang, A. sylvestris, A. monticola, and A. batizocoi.

In general, since partial pollen is derived to sporophyte, anther culture efficiency is low, and practical application that is introduced in actuality breeding technology is not many. This study was carried out to improve regeneration of green plants through some culture environments contol in anther culture of naked brley. Among the factors related with plant regeneration, medium was effective in component containing L-glutamine 256 mg/L, L-proline 250 mg/L, IAA 1 mg/L and BAP 2 mg/L controlled in addition sucrose 30 g/L or maltose and sucrose mixed each 30 g/L to increase both plant regeneration and green plant regeneration rate. Also, adequate content of CuSO4 was the best at 1.25 mg/L (fifty-fold), it was tendency to decrease albino production rate. Starvation was effective at 30℃, 7 days in case of Saessalbori for plant regeneration and Dooweonchapssalbori at 30℃, 10 days with increasing green plant regeneration against albino. After plant regeneration, under acclimation by hydroponics, roots and shoots were well developed at 20℃, light control as 2,000～5,000 Lux and photoperiodic reaction by 14/10 as dark/light in the early growth stage. In acclimation method, plants acclimated in the modified Yoshida solution filled-vermiculite in GP pot is superior (100%), in which was controlled by temperature 20℃, pH 6.0 and relative humid 90% over, especially, after transplanting in pot growth of root, sheath and leaf are more active in 20℃ and 5,000 Lux control. For Vernalization, plants derived from anther culture of F1 naked barley was different from their parents with normal heading plant even about 50% in the F1 hybrids whose vernalization was strong, whereas the rest of plants derived from anther culture formed rosette, showing that normal growth were impossible.

“Chohan” (Avena sativa L.), a winter forage oat was released by the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA in 2006. “Chohan” was selected from the cross between “Early 80” and “7A 202.210-S”. “Early 80” is a accession from Japan that show

A new oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar 'Darkhorse' was developed by Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) m2005. It was released because ofits earlmess, high forage yield potential and adaptability for late summer sowing. It was devel-oped from the a