게임에서 플레이어와 캐릭터의 상호작용을 통해 얻어지는 모든 결과의 기초가 스토리에 있는 만큼 스토리의 설계는 게임의 전반적인 콘텐츠 설계의 방향을 제시하고 플레이어의 흥미와 몰입을 가져오는 중요한 요소이다. 또한 많은 플레이어가 흥미로운 스토리에 이끌려 게임을 플레이할 정도로 스토리는 게임의 중요한 파트 중 하나이다. 게임의 스토리 디자인에서는 게임의 장르와 장소가 고려되어야 한다. 그러나 바닷속 세계와 같은 일상적이지 않은 환경에서는 게임 스토리 디자인에 어려움이 따른다. 기존 게임에서는 장르나 장소와 조화되지 않는 스토리 디자인이 흔히 발견된다. 장르나 장소와 조화되지 않는 스토리는 설계 자체에 어려움을 겪을 수 있고, 게임에 이질감을 상승시키며 스토리의 호소성을 떨어트린다. 이러한 문제점으로 인해 플레이어는 몰입도를 상실하며, 게임의 근본적인 목적인 ‘재미’를 반감시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 바닷속 세계의 장소 특성을 고려한 RPG의 스토리 설계 방법을 제시한다. 제시한 방법에 따라 바닷속 세계 RPG의 스토리를 설계 및 구현하였고, 평가를 통해 설계 방법의 우수성을 확인하였다.

Until recently, there have been many researches about the freezing methods and several methods of cryopreservation. Hypothermic preservation has been used to complement the embryo freezing technology. There is a study to show the successful results for long-term hypothermic preservation. For that reason, FBS and BSA are commonly added to the culture medium to support embryo development. We investigated the effectiveness of hypothermic preservation method at 4℃ according to embryonic developmental stages for Hanwoo embryos and evaluated the effect of FBS and BSA on Hanwoo embryos as a supplemental reagent in hypothermic preservation medium after recovering preserved embryos from hypothermic preservation. The present study reported that survival and hatching rates of embryos at morula stage following storage at 4℃ is Day 7 group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared than those of other groups (p < 0.05). As a result, the survival and hatching rates of embryos at the blastocyst stage following storage at 4℃ result is showed that significantly higher (p < 0.05) survival rates than those of other groups an Day 6. The result showed that hatching rate at Day 6 and 7 were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared with other groups. The result regarding the survival and hatching rates of bovine embryos following storage at 4℃ for 72 h in various concentrations of BSA are shown The results showed that survival rate of 1% BSA group was not significantly different (p < 0.05) compare with control (FBS) group. Also, the results showed that hatching rate of control (FBS) and 1% BSA were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared with other groups. In conclusion, our result demonstrated that the hypothermic preservation did not effect on the survival and hatching rates of embryos after recovering. In addition, the supplementation of BSA in preservation medium showed no difference in the embryo developmental competence after hypothermic preservation compared to FBS treatment. With that, BSA can be an alternative reagent for the hypothermic preservation medium as an energy source and pH buffer.

The early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD/ FAD), the less common type of Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently affects a vast number of individuals worldwide. This type is being inherited as an autosomal dominant fashion. Missense mutations on Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Presenilins 1 and 2 (PSEN1 & PSEN2) are known as major genetic factors in FAD. Conversely, missense mutations on microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) are also thought to involve. Up to date, several triple-transgenic animal models with muted forms of the human APP, PSENs and MAPT have been reported. Compared to other animals, canines are more emotional and their disease signs can be easily diagnosed. This attempt was to develop a triple transgenic canine model for the AD. We have obtained the coding sequences of APP, PSEN1 and MAPT from Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center DNA resource core at HMS and incorporated several common AD mutations. The transgenic construct is composed of hNSE (ENO2) promoter-driven three AD genes fused together with modified 2A sequences. It was transfected into the canine fetal fibroblasts which were then used to perform somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The viable transgenic embryos were obtained after in vitro culture and the GFP was detected. In this study, we have successfully produced viable triple transgenic canine cloned embryos using SCNT technique. These transgenic canine embryos will be further developed into canines with FAD. The transgenic canines will be a good candidate in the AD research field.

2018년 현재까지 농림축산검역본부 호남지역본부로 수입된 식물은 220종 17,030건으로 우드펠렛(18%), 주정박(8%), 페스큐 건초(8%), 알파파건초(8%), 귀리건초(6%), 혼합건초(5%), 티모시건초(5%), 라이그래스건초(5%), 목화씨(사료용)(4%), 소나무원목(3%) 등의 순이다. 이와 같이 호남지역은 비재식 사료류(건초 등) 수입비중이 높으며 이는 전국 수입 건수의 약 67%에 달한다. 검역해충은 795건 검출되었으며 이 중 관리해충 294건, 잠정규제해충 146건, 비검역해충 307건 등이다. 관리해충 중 Carpophilus obsoletus가 210건(72%), 잠정규제해충 중 Cryptoletes ferrugineus가 56건(39%)으로 높은 검출율을 보였다. 또한 호남지역으로 수입 된 재식용 구근류는 생강 및 생강구근, 마늘구근이며 전국 수입 건수의 약 42%를 차지한다. 수입 된 생강 및 생강구근 91건 중 37건에서 해충(선충)을 발견하였고 Meloidogyne sp.(잠정규제해충) 검출로 9건이 폐기·반송되었다. 수입된 마늘구근 34건 중 29건에서 해충을 발견하였고 Carpophilus obsoletus(관리해충) 18건, Cryptoletes ferrugineus(잠정규제해충) 11건이 검출되어 소독하였다.

There are three kinds of Pleurotus eryngii : P. eryngii var. eryngii (P. eryngii), P. eryngii var. ferula (P. ferula : A-Wei-Mo) P. eryngii var. nebrodensis (P. nebrodensis : Bai-Ling-Gu). We bred P. ferula using Di-Mon mating and physiological assay and selected as follow (1) ‘Beesan No.1’ produced high yields, (2) ‘Beesan No.2’ was excellent morphological shape and anti-adipogenic Activit, (3) ‘Ergo’ included high ergothioneine such as anto-oxidant material, (4) ‘GW10-45’ included highest ergothioneine such as anto-oxidant material, (5) ‘Maeksong’ included high ergothioneine and effect of anti-inflammatory. We suggest that there are able to food-medicine materials.

Fe-6.5 wt.% Si alloys are widely known to have excellent soft magnetic properties such as high magnetic flux density, low coercivity, and low core loss at high frequency. In this work, disc-shaped preforms are prepared by spark plasma sintering at 1223 K after inert gas atomization of Fe-6.5 wt.% Si powders. Fe-6.5 wt.% Si sheets are rolled by a powder hot-rolling process without cracking, and their microstructure and soft magnetic properties are investigated. The microstructure and magnetic properties (saturation magnetization and core loss) of the hot-rolled Fe-6.5 wt.% Si sheets are examined by scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, vibration sample magnetometry, and AC B–H analysis. The Fe-6.5 wt.% Si sheet rolled at a total reduction ratio of 80% exhibits good soft magnetic properties such as a saturation magnetization of 1.74 T and core loss (W5/1000) of 30.7 W/kg. This result is caused by an increase in the electrical resistivity resulting from an increased particle boundary density and the oxide layers between the primary particle boundaries.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the technique which generates embryos by transferring diploid nucleus into an enucleated oocyte, it has produced specific animals successfully in a variety of species. However, the developmental capacity of SCNT embryos is still relatively lower than that of embryos produced in vivo. Oocyte is a kind of lipid rich cells, its quality limits the efficiency of embryo production. L-carnitine is a co-enzyme facilitating the transportation of long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondria membrane where fatty acids are used for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via beta-oxidation. It also has antioxidant actions which may protect mitochondrial membranes and DNA against damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Whether L-carnitine is functional in bovine SCNT embryos are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of L-carnitine on oocyte maturation and developmental competence of subsequent SCNT embryos. L-carnitine was supplemented during IVM, then intracellular ROS and GSH levels, mitochondrial activity, gene expression of COCs were analyzed at the end of IVM. SCNT embryos were produced subsequently, apoptosis detection and gene expression evaluation were performed in blastocysts. In the results, treatments with 1.5 mM and 3 mM L-carnitine significantly improved maturation rates (P<0.05). Treatments with 3 mM L-carnitine effectively induced improvement in nuclear maturation, intracellular GSH levels and mitochondrial activity, as well as a reduction in intracellular ROS levels (P<0.05). mRNA levels of CPT1A, ACAA1, ACAA2, AREG, EREG, SOD1, GPX4, GLUT1 and CDC2 transcripts were effectively up-regulated by 3 mM L-carnitine treatments (P < 0.05). Similarly, 3mM L-carnitine induced an increase in blastocyst developmental rates and an improvement in blastocyst quality (P<0.05). Our study indicates that L-carnitine treatment during IVM improves oocyte nuclear maturation and subsequent SCNT embryo development.

A recent study reported that Pleurotus ostreatus has the potential to be used as a β-glucan-based cream for supportive complementary therapy of atopic dermatitis. KH054 is a new herbal prescription consisting of P. ostreatus and Panax ginseng. The effects of atopic dermatitis-induced materials on the expression of cytokine genes in human monocytes (THP-1, EoL- 1) have been examined. Some reports demonstrated that P. ginseng augments the activity of natural killer cells, which plays an important role in innate immunity against infection and tumor development. Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 have important roles in mediating the infiltration of various cells into the skin of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. The present study investigated whether KH054 on induced IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion by house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronissinus) in THP-1 (human acute monocytic leukemia) and EoL-1(Human eosinophilic leukemia) cell. D. pteronissinus functions in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis and asthma. The inhibitory effect of KH054 on the induction of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion by D. pteronissinus extract in THP-1 and EoL-1 cells was examined. KH054 potently suppressed the elevated production of IL-6 and IL-8 induced by D. pteronissinus treatment in THP-1 and EoL-1 cells. Based on the present results, KH054 may be useful for developing functional foods to treat atopic dermatitis.