Mirinae is the most diverse subfamily within the family Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), and includes more than 4,000 species. In Korea, mirids were first recorded from Jeju Island in the mid-1960s. Since that study, numerous plant bug species from the Korean peninsula have been newly recognized and described. Previously, 101 species of Mirini were recorded from Korean peninsula. In this study, we provide an additional information of Mirini in Korea with a description of new species and new records.

The stingless bees are restricted to the tropical regions of the world and are considered as important pollinators of various wild and cultivated plants. In the recent investigation, fourteen species of stingless bees are recognized in the dry season from Cambodia and Laos, which are congeners to the species from adjoining country Thailand. In this study, four species in each country Cambodia and Laos are found for the first time: Lisotrigona cacciae (Nurse, 1907), Pariotrigona pendleburyi (Schwarz, 1939), Tetragonula sirindhornae (Michener and Boongird, 2004) and Tetrigona melanoleuca (Cockerell, 1929) from Cambodia, and Homotrigona anamitica (Friese, 1909), Lepidotrigona flavibasis (Cockerell, 1929), Lisotrigona furva Engel, 2000 and Tetragonula fuscobalteata (Cameron, 1908) from Laos. Morphological images, identifying key to genus and species, discussion on the various types of nest and biology for each species are provided.

The genus Psallus Fieber, 1858 (Phylini) is the largest group, with twenty six described species in Korea (Duwal et al., 2012). Due to recent collection in 2013, three new species are recognized from Korea. All these species are described, with images of dorsal habitus and genital structures. A checklist of the East Asian species and geographic distribution of Psallus is revised.

Laos, a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, has most extensive network of ecosystems in the Indochina Peninsula, surrounded by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west. It is the tropical vegetation and warm climatic conditions influenced by monsoon. Such geographical and climatic condition is favorable for the diversity of insects. However, research or educative investigation on insects have been poorly conducted. Through recent expedition during dry season (between December 2012 and February 2013), mainly held at Phou Khao Khouay National Park (PKKNP), which varies from sheer sandstone cliffs and pristine river gorges to rough mountain slopes along the Mekong river, we recognized atotal of 88 lepidopteran insects belonging to 22 families, Arctidae, Attevidae, Choreutidae, Cossidae, Crambidae, Geometridae, Gracillariidae, Hesperidae, Hyblaeidae, Limacodidae, Lycaenidae, Lymantridae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Oecophoridae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Pyralidae, Scythrididae, Sphingidae, Uraniidae and Zygaenidae, were recognized.

The cladistics analysis of subfamily Phylinae, based on molecular data analysis of 3655 base pairs of mitochondrial (16S, COI) and nuclear (18S, 28S) ribosomal DNA for 66 taxa in five tribes were conducted. Partitions of datasets were aligned using different algorithms implemented in MAFFT, further combined through sequence matrix and the combined dataset was analyzed using partitioned maximum likelihood. Clades in analytical method comprise six subfamilies of Miridae as outgroup: Isometopinae, Cylapinae, Bryocorinae, Orthotylinae, Deraeocorinae, and Mirinae, and five tribes of ingroup in subfamily Phylinae: Auricillocorini, Hallodapini, Phylini, Leucophoropterini, and Pilophorini. In analysis, tribe Auricillocorini as sister group to all remaining phylines. Most of the tribes are monophyly, except largest tribe phylini, which is clearly divided as paraphyly.

The landmass of Cambodia is located in the Southern portion of Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia which landscape is characterized by a low-lying central plain, eastern highlands, southwestern upland blocks and northern plain of sandstones. The low lands and small mountain clefs of Cambodia is known for deep tropical rain forest which flourish wide range of plants and animals that are mostly concentrated in the “Tonle Sap" range. On the evidence of our investigation it suggests that the evergreen forest of Cambodia suit common fauna with tropical Africa, Indo-pacific region and its adjacent neighbouring countries (Distant, 1904; 1911; Schuh, 1979, 1984; Yasunaga, 2010; Duwal et al., 2010). From the survey data 2010- 2012 (April) more than 30 species of subfamily Phylinae of genera: Acrorrhinium Noualhier, 1895; Alloeomimus Reuter, 1910; Atractotomus Fieber, 1858; Biliranoides Schuh, 1984; Campylomma Reuter, 1878; Decomia Poppius, 1915; Hallodapus Fieber, 1858; Lasiolabops Poppius, 1914; Malaysiamiroides Schuh, 1984; Papuamimus Schuh, 1984, Pilophorus Hahn, 1826; Sthenaridea Reuter, 1885; Tytthus Fieber, 1864, etc. with some new species are found. Therefore it is suggested that Cambodian climate and flora shelter members of Oirental fauna included in most tribes of the subfamily Phylinae; Auricillocorini, Hallodapini, Leucophoropterini, Phylini and Pilophorini. Of course this study is not enough for to clarify the phylinae fauna of Cambodia, but it's a preliminary data for further accomplishment in the study of phyline bugs from this region which is expected to be distributed for about 250-300 species.

The tribe Phylini (Miridae: Phylinae) is revised in the Korean Peninsula. A total of 65 species in 20 genera are confirmed to exist in this territory. Five genera and 20 species are recognized for the first time in Korea, including a new genus and 6 new species: Gen. nov. sp. nov.1; Psallus sp. nov.1, P. sp. nov.2, and P. sp. nov.3; and Moissonia sp. nov.1 and M. sp. nov.2. Herein, checklist for the Korean Peninsula is reconstructed with its geographical distribution, and short discussion.

The Phylinae plant bugs dealt with 9 species in 3 genera in tribe phylini. A new genus Badephylus gen. nov. with a species B. sobaeksana sp. nov. is proposed here. Four species: Campylomma chinense Schuh, 1984; C. miyamotoi Yasunaga, 2001; Europiella artemisiae (Becker, 1864) and E. kiritshenkoi Kulik, 1975 are recognized for the first time in Korea. Keys are provided to distinguish Korean Capylomma and Europiella. Photos of Dorsal habitus, male genital structures for each species are provided with their host informations.

Twenty-five species of the genus Psallus Fieber 1858 are revised from Korean Peninsula. Two new species are described: Psallus sp. nov. 1 and P. sp. nov. 2. Four species, Psallus rogeoguttatus Yasunaga et Vinokurov 2000, P. cinnabarinus Kerzhner 1979, P. flavescens Kerzhner 1988, and P. longinovae Kerzhner 1988 are reported for the first time. The checklist is reconstructed and a key is provided to distinguish all Korean species with the clear dorsal photos and illustrations of male genitalia. In addition, biology is discussed for all possible species according to collection data.

The first comprehensive cladistic analysis of Miridae, the plant bugs, based on ~3000 base pairs of mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (18S, 28SD3) genes, is presented. For 105 taxa (101 Mirid species in 7 subfamilies and 11 tribes, and 4 outgroups) in 7 subfamilies and 11 tribes of Miridae, the combined dataset was analyzed using ML (maximum likelihood), BC (bayesian criteria) and MP (maximum parsimony). Clades recovered in all analyses, comprise 6 main groups: Cimicomorpha and Miridae; Phylinae; Mirinae (Eurystylus + Polymerus + Proboscidocoris + Taylorilygus + Stenodemini); Orthotylinae; Mirini (Adelphocoris group except “Apolygus complex”); Apolygus complex; Deraecorinae; Bryocorinae + Isometopinae + Cylapinae. Our results indicate 1) the monophyletic relationships of two subfamilies Phylinae and Deraeocorinae within the family Miridae; 2) the paraphyly of subfamily Mirinae. Phylogenetic relationships at the tribal or subfamily level are provided in comparison with the prior studies based on morphological data.

On the study of phyline plant bug, four species of the genus Psallus Fieber have been observed as new record to Korea. According to the Korean Catalog (Yong Jung Kwon, Sang Jae Suh and Jung Ae Kim, 2001) nineteen species are recorded from the Korean peninsula. Our recent investigation discovered four additional species, Psallus cinnabarinus Kerzhner 1979, P. flavescens Kerzhner 1988, P. stackerlbergi Kerzhner 1988 and P. loginovae Kerzhner 1988. All the four species are described with genital illustration, biology and host information.