This article desc 1'ibes a pooled analysis 01' Korean indiγ idu a l s with 41 cases 01' metastatic o1'al tumors. The data on this review are based on t he 1'etr ieved published case reports from t he Korean dental and medical li te1'ature between t he years 1983 and 2004, The mean age was 55,2 years and the male to female ratio was 1,9 :1, There were more jaw bone me t astas is than in oral soft tIssues Comparing with the western literatures which report the breast as the most common p rimary s ite, the most common primary s ite was the liver fo llowed by the lung‘ and thyroid, The lung was the most common primary s ite [or t he jawbone metastasis ‘ whereas the liver was for the oral soft tlssues This discrepancy may caused by underestimation or exc lus ion ofthe jawbone in su rveying fo1' the breast tumor metastaslS Anothcr reason is t hat a relat ive ly hi gh incidence rate 이’ hepatocellul ar carcinoma occurs in Ko1'ean, especially in male

Hereditary dentin defects consists of dentin dysplasia(DD) and denti nogenesis imperfecta(Dr) ‘ The Dl associated with osteogenesis imperfecta has been classified as DI type 1. whereas isolated inherited defects have been categori zed as DI types II and III , However‘ whether DI type III should be considered a distinct phenotype 01' a variation of DI type 1I is debatable , Recent genetic findings have focused attention on the role of the dentin sialo phosphoprotein(DSPP) gene in the etiology of inherited defects of tooth dentin, We have identified novel mlltation( c,727G - > A, p,D243N) at the 243th codon of exon 4 of the DSPP gene in a Korean patient with DI type III The radiographic and histologic features of the patient revealed the classic phenotype of shell teeth These findings sllggest that DI type II and III are not separate diseases bllt rather the phenotypic variation 01' a s ingle disease

lndil‘ ubin is the active ingredient of Danggui Longhui Wan‘ a mixture of herbal medici l1e t hat is used to treat chronic myelocytic leukemia in tradi t ional Chinese medicine‘ He re, we show that new indirubin deri vatives 5' -ni tro-indirubinoxime, 5' -f1 uoro-indiru binoxime and 5’ -tri rnethylacetamino-i nd i 1'1.1 bi noxi me‘ have potent a n ti- proliferative activity on various human cancer cells and oncogenic RK3E-ras rat kidney cells with lC50 con centration ranging from 1-25 μ M, When the RK3E-ras cells were treated with indirubin derivatives for 24 h, the activity of caspase-3 and caspasc-7 was induccd followed by apoptosis , 011 the other hand, the activity of SAPK/JNK was inhi bited over the same period , lndirubin deri vatives a lso s howed strong ant i-tumor activity in rat s이 id and oral tumor models The inhibition of tlUl10r g:rowth was observed in animals beaJ‘ing RK3E-ras-induced turnor given subcutaneous dose of 100 mg/kg every other day for 10 days, Histologically, μeatment of indirubin derivatives caused significant inhibition of tumor formation associated wi th increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of tumor cell s , These findings provide the potential value of indirubin derivatives as a novel candi date fOl 없l tJ -cancer agents ,

A novel indil‘ubin analog‘ 5’ nitro-indirubinoxime(Ol1) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis again st variolls hllman cancer cell s. ln this stlldy, we performed the microarray analysis to identify genes diffel'enti ally expressed in the KB oral sqllamollS carcinoma cells after treatment with 011 Of the 10‘ 800 genes a nalyzed , 1700 genes(15.7%) showed di fferent expression level in the 011-treated cells with respect to untreated control cel1s Arnong those‘ 263 genes(15, 5%) were down -reg띠 ated and 220 genes(12, 9%) were IIp-regulated more than 2-fold, Functionally related gene clllsters inclllde genes associated with signal transdllction(18, 1%) , especially genes re lated with a poptosis(3, 5%) and cell cycle reglllation(5. 8%) . Our application of microarray ar뻐ysis on 01l-treated 01'외 cancer cells al lows the identifi cati on of candidate genes for providing novel insights into the 011-mediated anti -tllmor actl Vl ty ,

Al thou gh calcifi cation is a common finding in inflammatory salivary gland disorders , saliva ry gland tumour ra rely s hows calcifications. A case of clear cell mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC) of the hard pa late with extensive intra tumoural calcifïcations vis ible on computed tomog r때hy(CT) scans and histologic sections is described. The calci fï caLion in the sali va ry gland tumour 0 1' the palate recogni zed by a CT scan s hould be considered in the differential diagnosis of a MEC The mechanism of the i ntratumoural calcifi cation in our case is speculated to be a result of a secretory fu nction 0 1' the tumour cells

The dentigerous cyst(DC) and giant cell granuloma(GCG) in the jaws are well known entities that have been extensively reviewed. However, a search of the literature failed to reveal simulataneous occurrence of these two lesions. We describe a case of DC displaying foci of GCG-like lesion of a 11-year-old Korean girl. The lesion exhibited the characteristic histologic features of DC, which included a lining epithelium with underlying fibromyxoid stroma. The most intersting aspect of this lesion, however, was the presence of a prominant histologic component that resembled GCG. The most probable diagnosis was GCG-like lesion in association with a DC.

Odontogenic ghost cell tumor (OGCT) is considered as a neoplastic counterpart of the calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC). β-catenin mutations have been described in COC suggesting a critical role in its histogenesis. In this study, we report a patient with OGCT contains a missense mutation on codon 3 (ACT -> TCT). Immunohistochemistry showed nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membranous accumulation of β-catenin in the tumor cells. TUNEL assay showed positive signals in nucleated cells adjacent to the ghost cells. Our data suggest that β-catenin plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of OGCT. OGCT may developed by improper differentiation process coordinated by WNT signaling pathway. Further studies are needed to determine a genotypic/phenotypic characteristics of ghost cell containing odontogenic lesions.

Cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme that is not found in normal conditions,. but is induced by a varie ty of pathophysiologic conditions of tissues by growth factors. inflammatory stimuli. oncogenes and tumor promoters, COX-2 is upregulated in a number of epithelial cancers. including in oral premalignant and malignant lesions, The mode of action of COX-2 in carcinogenesis may include mutiple mechanisms that may be acting at different stages of malignant disease, In this study. the expression of COX- 2 protein was assessed quantitatively 없d qualitatively by immunohistochemistry during DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis, The immunoreactivity for COX-2 protein increased as the tissue passed from hyperplasia to dysplasia and SCC, The highest mean expression was SCC at 14 week, The differences between COX-2 expression in the normal and that the dysplastic and carcinomatous lesions was statistically significant, In addition. the mean values of COX -2 expression in the stromal cells increased gradually during malignant progression, The results suggest that increased COX-2 expression may be associated with the chemically induced carcinogenic progression of hamster buccal pouch model, The gradual increasing COX-2 expression de tected during the progressive manner toward more malignant lesions shows that the COX-2 protein can have an important role in both the early and the later stages of multistep oral carcinogenesis

Florid cemento-osseous dyspl잃ia with concommitant traumatic bone cyst is uncommon condition. We report a case of florid cemento 。，sseous dysplasia involving four quadrants of the jaws and associated with large cystic lesion of the mandible misdiagnosed as a multiple odontogenic keratocysts in a 37-year-old Korean woman. Histological examination revealed unencapsulated fibroblastic proliferation with formation of bone and cementum, showing different developmental stages, and cys디c lesions resembling a traumatic bone cyst.

The myotubularin (MTM) family constitutes one of the most highly conserved protein-tyrosine phosphatase subfamilies in eukaryotes. MTM1, the archetypal member of this family, is mutated in X-l띠ked myotubular myopathy, whereas mutations in the MTM related (MTMR)2 gene cause the type 4B Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a severe hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. In this study, we investigated the role of pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of MTMR2. We demonstrate here that the PH domain of MTMR2 directly interacts with phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)(3)P, PtdIns(5)P, and to a Iesser extent Pt，이 ns(4)P. Furthermore, MTMR2-PH domain is required for targe띠g Mη00 to the 다πoplasmic compartment. Mutation in the PH domain abolished its phospholipid binding ability and MTMR2 subcel1ular localization. These results su잃.est that the PH domain regulates MTMR2 1αalization and function through its interaction with phosphoinosi디des and give us the clue to understand the pathogenic effect of PH domain

A case was reponed in which an odontogenic cyst that appeared to be a dentigerous cyst associated with an impacted mandibular third molar was found histologically to demonstrate characteIistics of glanclu lar odontogenic cyst with para- and orthokeratinization. 까1ese histologic cliversities were interpreted as a reflection of the pluripotentiality of the epithelial remnants of the mandibular thircl molars or clentigerous cyst epithelium. It was conceivable that it would have the capacity of inclucing the fonnation of cysts with both squamous and glandular epithelium.

Arrùno acid transpoπers play an important role in supplying nutrition to cells and for cell proliferation. System L is a major nutrient transport system responsible for the Na+-independent transport of large neutral amino acids including several essential amino acids. In malignant tumors, a system L transporter L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LATl) is upregulated to support tumor cell growth. In the present study, we have examined the expression and function of system L amino acid transporter in FaDu human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. RT-PCR, real-time quantitative RT-PCR and westem blot analysis have revealed that the FaDu cells express LATl together with its associaω19 protem 4F2hc, whereas the FaDu cells do not express the other system L isoform L-type amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2). 까le uptake of L-(14Clleucine by FaDu cells is Na+-independent and almost completely inhibited by system L selective inhibitor 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2- carboxylic acid (BCH). The profiles of the inhibition of L-[I4Cllellcine uptake by variolls amino acids in the FaDu cells are comparable with those for the LA T1 expressed in Xenopus 。()(찌es. π1e majority of L-[I4Clleucine uptake is, therefore, mediated by LAT1 in the FaDu cells. These results suggest that the transport of neutral amino acids including several essential amino acids in the FaDu human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells mediated by LAT1. In addition, specific inhibition of LAT1 by such agents as BCH in pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas will be a new rationale for anti-cancer therapy.