상업적으로 유통되는 젤라틴 캡슐 제품은 소비자의 건강(예: 광우병) 및 종교적 신념에 대한 우려를 야기시킬 수 있다. 젤라틴은 대부분 소, 돼지 등에서 유래한 원료 물질을 가공한 것으로서, 가공 후 그 원료 물질을 분석하는 것은 대단히 어렵다. 따라서 정부 규제기관의 표시사 항 준수여부 모니터링 연구가 주기적으로 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 인터넷에 유통되는 건강기능식품(n = 181)을 대상으로 젤라틴 캡슐의 원료 물질을 종 특이 PCR 방법으 로 분석했다. 55개 제품의 경우 표시사항에 젤라틴 캡슐 원료 물질에 대한 정보를 명시하였으나(예: bovine-, fishand plant-derived gelatin), 126개 제품의 경우 사용 원료에 대한 정보 없이 “gelatin”으로 표시하였다. 이 126개 제품의 젤라틴 캡슐 분석 결과 51개 제품은 소 유래의 젤라 틴을, 31개 제품은 돼지 유래의 젤라틴을, 그리고 44개 제 품은 소와 돼지의 원료를 혼합하여 제작한 블렌딩 젤라틴을 사용한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 소비자의 알 권리, 종교적 신념 및 건강을 보호하기 위해 젤라틴 캡슐에 사용된 원료 물질을 표시사항에 제공하는 것은 매우 중요하다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the changes on lumbar muscle strength in relation to 12-week pilates mat exercise of elderly women. The participants are chosen for 17 people who is an experimental group and 14 people who is an comparison group who except wastage and pilates mat exercise program was gradually intensify applied three times a week, during 12 weeks. The peak torque of flexion was increased(p<.01) and the difference of ratio of agonist to antagonist was decreased(p<.001). The total work of flexion and extension had significant increased(p<.001) at 120°/sec. As a result of all these, it was judged as positive effect for body composition, basal physical fitness and lumbar muscle strength after pilates mat exercise in 12 weeks. These positive effects showed that pilates mat exercise could got conclusions that mitigated the musculoskelctal disorders, slow down the progress of disorders, helped as a functions of physical.

Cytokines are known to function as regulatory molecules that can be produced by virtually every nucleated cell type in the body, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and many others. Cytokines include lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines), monocyte-derived factors (monokines), hematopoietic factors (colony-stimulating factors), connective tissue/ growth factors, and chemotactic chemokines. Cytokines released in response to infection can affect tumor development in different ways. When exposed to infectious agents, cytokines are secreted by sentinel cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. These cytokines include interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as others, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18. When released in sufficient quantities, these molecules can cause inflammation. Chronic inflammation is highly associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. In this article, we review the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor development.

Gregarine parasite (Apicomplexa: Protozoa) was observed in the population of daikon leaf beetle, Phaedon brassicae Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Daegwallyeong. Morphological features of the gregarine in gut of P. brassicae have been studied by light microscope and scanning electron microscope with particular attention to the relationship between the epimerite and the host epithelium. On the average of mature trophozoite length and width are 100 and 40㎛, respectively. Based on 1.727kb of 18S rDNA sequence, this gregarine grouped in eugregarine.