Forest pests are a major threat to forest ecological and economic health. For this reason, the monitoring for forest pests was necessary and the monitoring program has begun from 1968 in Korea. During past 50 years, forest pests in pine forests have been shifting from pine moth (Dendrolimus spectabilis) via pine needle gall midge (PNGM, Thecodiplosis japonensis) to pine wilt disease (PWD). The pine moth is a native species to Korea and its outbreaks were recorded even 500 years ago. It was the major forest pests in Korea from 1950s to 1970s. The cause of its decline was probably due to increase in activities of microorganism-type natural enemy. In 1980s and 1990s, PNGM was the major forest pests in Korea. It invaded to Korea in 1929 and dispersed to nationwide in 1992. The suite of parasitic wasps to PNGM at least partially contributed to decline of PNGM on the basis of long term monitoring research. After 2000s, the pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, an invasive species and vectored by Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius, native species was the major forest pest in Korea. These results showed that threat by invasive species on the forest health was increase and natural enemies at least partially contribute to stabilize outbreak of forest pests. Therefore, the further researches and monitoring on invasive species and roles of natural enemies are intensively conducted.

The species diversity of macrolepidoptera (larger species of moths) was surveyed using light traps at forests near the Forest Environmental Research Institute located in 9 provinces (Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Kyeongbuk, Kyeongnam, Jeju) in 2012. Sampling was conducted weekly or biweekly from April to October. Using light traps in 8 forests, 2,961 individuals belong to 530 species from 20 families were collected. The species richness between study sites ranged from 4 (Kyeongnam) to 258 (Chungbuk). Similarly, abundance was the highest at Gyeonggi (1,235 individuals) and lowest at Kyeongnam (11 individuals). Species diversity (H’) was the highest at Chungbuk (5.14) and lowest at Kyeongnam (1.29). Composition of macrolepidopteran species also changed seasonally, showing regional variations. Dominant species in 9 study sites were Lamoria glaucalis in Gyeonggi, Ivela auripes in Gangwon, Idiotephria amelia in Chungbuk, agrotis tokionis in Chungnam, Acosmeryx naga in Jeonbuk, Glyphodes perspectalis in Jeonnam, Spodoptera depravata in Gyeongbuk, Xestia dilatata in Gyeongnam and Lithosia quadra Jeju. Among the species, Ivela auripes, Lamoria glaucalis, and Glyphodes perspectalis were known to be sporadic forest insect pests. Therefore, continuous monitoring can be needed to prevent the potential outbreaks of such insect pests.

A 63-year-old woman with a history of nephrolithiasis and long-term hemodialysis (HD) presented with abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed urinoma induced by renal forniceal rupture, and three causative calculi. No active stone growth or new stones were observed when compared with previous CT, however, fragmentation and migration of an existing stone was observed. After ureteroscopic lithotripsy and stenting with a double-J catheter, the patient made a full recovery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous renal forniceal rupture in an anuric HD patient caused by calculi. Renal forniceal rupture can occur, even in anuric HD patients.

‘Seohong’ was bred within the potato breeding program of National Institute of Highland Agriculture (NIHA). It was originated from a cross made in 1997 between ‘Jashim’ as a female and 93K65-1 as a male parent. Seohong was evaluated as a seedling number 97S05-1 for tuber characteristics, growth and yielding ability from 2001 to 2002, and than this clone was renamed as Daegwan 1-82. This clone was evaluated in the regional yield trial and the disease resistance in the five locations for three years. Finally, this clone was named as ‘Seohong’ and registered a new recommended potato cultivar in 2006. This cultivar has a round, shallow eye depth, light red-skinned tuber characteristics and low to medium dry matter content. It showed high resistance to common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), however it was susceptible to potato virus Y (PVY) and late blight (Phytophthora infestans). Its mean tuber yields from the regional yield trial and winter cropping trial were 12 and 49 percent higher than that of ‘Superior’, respectively.

“Haryeong” was bred through the potato breeding program at the National Institute of Highland Agriculture (NIHA). Itin1996. It has a round, smooth, light yelow-skined tuber characteristics and high dry mater content. It showed high resistance tolate bligh