Online search advertising (aka, sponsored or paid search advertising) is a technology that any matched advertisement is displayed on Web pages as online users’ query results from search engines and Web portals (e.g., Google, Bing, Baidu, Naver, and Yahoo!). In specific, after online users type search keywords on the search box (at this stage, online users become searchers), search engines match users’ query texts to phrases included in search advertisement. Then, if an advertiser’s investment on her/his search advertisement is high enough, the advertisement is likely to be displayed on a search engine results (called “impression”) (Hanson and Kalyanam 2007; Jansen et al. 2009; Jansen and Clark 2017; Moore, Stammerjohan, and Coulter 2005). Once a searcher clicks a displayed advertisement and arrives on the advertiser’s landing page, s/he becomes a visitor by clicking the impression. As benefits of utilizing search keywords, online search advertising can reduce search costs and increase information accessibility by potential customers. In addition, because online search advertising provides relevant search results based on the users’ own queries, it is considered less intrusive than banner advertisement and widely used by many marketers (Ghose and Yang 2009; Johnson, Bruner, and Kumar 2006; Quinton and Khan 2009; Rangaswamy, Giles, and Seres 2009; Yang and Ghose 2010).

Numerous studies have reported that good adhesion and fluorination of carbon materials in a fluoropolymer matrix enhance their electrical and mechanical properties. However, a composite reinforced with oxyfluorinated graphite has not been reported for improving mechanical properties. This paper discusses the fabrication of conductive fluorinated ethylene–propylene (FEP)/oxyfluorinated graphite (f-graphite) composite bipolar plates (BPs) via compression molding. To investigate the effects of fluorinating graphite, graphite with a large particle size of 500 μm was mixed with FEP powder with a small particle size of 8 μm through ball milling. The FEP/graphite composites exhibited high anisotropic electrical conductivity with the in-plane conductivity much higher than the through-plane conductivity because of the planar orientation of the graphite sheets. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the composites such as flexural strength tended to deteriorate with increasing graphite content. In particular, the FEP/f-graphite composites exhibited excellent flexural strength of 12 MPa, much higher than that of FEP/graphite composites at 9 MPa with a graphite content of 80 wt%. The interfacial interaction between FEP and f-graphite led to improved physical compatibilization, which contributed to enhance the mechanical properties of these composites. Our results are a step toward developing BPs for use in high-temperature fuel cells and heat-sink components.

각종 비즈니스와 거래가 이루어지는 사이트에서 고객과 서비스 공급자와의 소통은 중요한 문제이다. 특히 어떠한 문제가 발생해 문의가 들어왔을 때 그 문제를 빠르고 정확하게 해결하는 능력은 사이트에 대한 신뢰와도 직결된다. 본 논문에서는 재능마켓 플랫폼 사이트에서 챗봇 기술을 이용해 사이트 이용자들의 불평과 문의를 처리하는 방식을 제안한다. 우선 문의자와 실시간으로 대화할 수 있는 챗봇을 구현하여 사이트 이용법, 단어 검색 등의 기능을 이용할 수 있게 하였다. 몇 단어 혹은 문장으로 정의하기 힘든 사이트의 각종 오류와 문제에 대해서는 에러코드를 지정해 데이터베이 스화시켰다. 사이트 이용자들은 오류 발생 시 출력되는 에러코드를 챗봇에 문의하여 그에 대응하는 답변을 실시간으로 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 구현한 챗봇은 사이트 이용 시 오류를 경험하거나 문의가 생긴 이용자에게 빠르고 정확한 답변을 줄 수 있어 만족스러운 경험을 제공했다. 이는 장기적으로 사이트의 신뢰성과 호감도에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 오류 문의 등에 들어가는 인력과 시간 비용을 줄이는 등의 도움을 줄 것으로 예상된다.

Celebrity endorsement is defined as an agreement between a publicly recognized celebrity and an entity to use the celebrity’s fame to promote a brand or product. Generally, a celebrity is defined as a famous singer, actor, or athlete who frequently appears in public. The celebrity uses his/her public recognition to persuade consumers to purchase a specific product by the endorsement, and the celebrity accepts remunerations from the firm. Celebrity endorsement has been prevalent as an advertising strategy and many advertisers invest enormous amount of money for the celebrity endorsement. Prior research has examined the economic benefits or effectiveness of celebrity endorsement and found that celebrity endorsement attracts attention from consumers and polishes a tarnished brand image, and the celebrity may help advertisements stand out, thus improving their communicative ability. Apart from a general celebrity endorsement advantage, previous studies have found the factors that affect the success or failure of celebrity endorsement. An attractive celebrity can positively influence advertising evaluation, and a celebrity with expertise can increase consumers’ purchase intention through product. In addition, consumers prefer a product endorsed by a highly trustworthy celebrity. Specifically, on the economic worth of celebrity endorsement, most studies have indicated a positive effect. An announcement of a celebrity endorsement contract can bring a positive abnormal benefit to a firm’s stock price. Celebrity endorsement also helps increase the intangible value of a firm, which is the source of competitive edge and sustainable growth. However, despite recent interest in the return on advertising investment, it is not known how and which source factor of the celebrity endorsement can be explained with the firm value. By using text mining and sentiment analysis, the results of this study explain that the sustainable firm value is impacted by various sources of celebrity endorsement. First, the number of words regarding celebrity attractiveness, expertise, and trustworthiness has an impact on the sustainable firm value. Among the three sources, trustworthiness has the biggest impact on the sustainable firm value, which is Tobin’s Q. Second, regarding attractiveness and expertise, increasing proportion of positive words has impact on the firm value. On the other hand, regarding trustworthiness, the number of negative words on occupational issues is important. Third, different celebrity expertise has different impact on the sustainable firm value depending on the degree of job uniqueness and replaceability. Fourth, once the celebrity has lost his/her trustworthiness, the negative impact is hardly recovered as the negative interaction effect between positive impact of celebrity expertise on the sustainable firm value and the loss of trustworthiness is over seven times higher than the positive effects from the expertise. This implies that if an advertiser carefully manages other effects except for the loss of trustworthiness, he/she cannot offset the failure.

This study was conducted to evaluate the the efficacy of mulberry cake mixed diet on larval growth of Protaetia brevitarsis. As a result of adding 3, 5, and 10% mulberry cake to the fermented mulberry sawdust, the development period of the Protaetia brevitarsis larvae was 44.9days, 44.6days, and 41.8days, and the highest weight of larvae was 2.76g, 2.80g, and 2.89g, respectively. As a result of adding 3, 5, and 10% mulberry cake to the fermented oak sawdust, the development period of the Protaetia brevitarsis larvae was 46.7days, 41.6days, and 41.7days, and the highest weight of larvae was 2.65g, 2.65g, and 2.56g, respectively.

In this study, we propose an efficient two-phase heuristic policy, called an acceptance tolerance control policy, for Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud services that considers both the service provider and customer in terms of profit and satisfaction, respectively. Each time an IaaS cloud service is requested, this policy determines whether the service is accepted or rejected by calculating the potential for realizing the two performance objectives. Moreover, it uses acceptance tolerance to identify the possibility for error with the chosen decision while compensating for both future fluctuations in customer demand and error possibilities based on past decisions. We conducted a numerical experiment to verify the performance of the proposed policy using several actual IaaS cloud service specifications and comparing it with other heuristics.

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the important modes of action available for the control of insects. An assessment was made of the electric eel AChE inhibitory activity of 55 endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of Huperzia serrata collected in Eunshi, Hubei Province, China. Of 55 mycelial extracts and 55 ethyl acetate-soluble fractions from liquid culture of the fungi, the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of strain ES056 exhibited strong AChE inhibitory activity (88%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Based on morphological characteristics and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence analysis, this fungus showed greatest similarity to members of the order Eurotiales and was shown to be most closely related to members of the Aspergillus aculeatus group. It was designated Aspergillus sp. MY056. This strain merits further study as a potential anti-AChE product.

토마토 TYLCV는 병이 발생되면 약제나 다른 방법으로 방제가 어려우므로 내병성 품종의 개발이 반드시 필요하다. 특히, TYLCV 저항성 유전자 Ty-1,2,3(부분우성)을 한 개체 내로 집적을 시켜서 저항성이 증대된 품종의 개발이 필요하다. 토마토 TYLCV 저항성 11-TY1-AV 등 7계통을 대상으로 보독인 담배가루이를 이용하여 표현형을 조사하였다. 이병성 대비(11-TY5-AV; 슈퍼썬로드)와 F3 세대 3계통 및 F2 세대 4계통을 TYLCTHV 균주를 이용하여 접종하였다. 접종 13일 후에 이병성 대비가 100% 이병증상을 나타내었으며, 이때 11-TY4-AV는 48개체 중에서 23개체가 이병되었으며, 11-TY6-AV는 42개체 중에서 14개체, 11-TY7-AV는 48개체 중에서 14개체, 11-TY8-AV는 48개체 중에서 15개체가 이병 되었다. F2 세대 4 집단 모두 p>0.05 수준에서 TYLCV 접종 후 표현형이 정상적인 유전분리비(3:1)를 보이는 것을 확인 하였다. 또, TYLCV에 저항성인 동일한 자원을 부계로 사용하더라도 모계로 어떤 것을 사용 하느냐에 따라서 저항성 정도가 다르게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Interferon induced transmembrane protein-1 (Ifitm-1) has been reported to have an important role in primordial germ cell formation, and it has expressed in female reproductive organ. In the present study, Ifitm-1 gene expression was identified in testes and all part of epididymis using western immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, Ifitm-1 expression was observed on the head of spermatozoa. To investigate the role of Ifitm-1 gene expression in behavior of spermatozoa after acrosome reaction, fresh sperm was incubated with calcium ionophore to induce acrosome reaction, whereas the expression of Ifitm-1 was not altered after the acrosome reaction. Then to identify the effect of Ifitm-1 in sperm motility and other seminal parameters, different concentration of Ifitm-1 antibody was incubated with spermatozoa, and seminal parameters were assessed using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Interestingly, motility, progressive, and VAP were increased in the sperm with Ifitm-1 antibody treated compared to rabbit serum, however other parameters such as straightness were not changed. In order to identify the functional significance of Ifitm-1 in fertilization, capacitated spermatozoa were pre-incubated with anti- Ifitm-1 antibody and subsequently examined the ability to adhere to mouse oocytes. However, any defection or alteration in sperm-egg fusion was not found, Ifitm-1 antibody treated or non-treated spermatozoa showed a normal penetration. Although the precise role of Ifitm-1 in sperm motility and following fertilization need to be elucidated, this study suggests that the activation of Ifitm-1 on the sperm may enhance the motility of spermatozoa in mice.

The fragile X mental retardation (FMR) syndrome is the largest source of inherited mental retardation. The syndrome is usually caused by the transcriptional silencing of fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR-1). An 18 years old male wascompla띠ing of multiple toαh missing and abnormal facial profùe, of which signs were matemally dominant in his family. In the C)π。gene디c analysis the pa디ent and his parents did not show any discontinuity in the long arm end of X chromosome, but in the PCR produαs targeω19 the CGG repeat sequence in the 5' untranslated region of FMR gene both the patient'’ s and his mother' s gDNAs produced a normal and an extra bands, sized about 400 and 800 bps, respectively, while the his father' s gDNA produced only one normal band, sized about 400 bps. 까1US ， we suppose that the pa디.ent has heterozygotic alleles of FMR gene inherited matemally, and that the patient s FMR gene was in a premutated state relevant to the dentofacial abnormalities.

To derive coronal temperature, electron density and nonthermal velocity, we have analyzed high resolution spectra (e.g., Fe XII 338.3, Fe XII 352.1, Fe XIV 334.2, Fe XIV 353.8, Fe XV 284.2, Fe XV 321.8, Fe XV 327.0, Fe XVI 335.4, and Fe XVI 360.8) taken from AR 6615 by SERTS (Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Rocket Telescope and Spectrograph). Important findings emerging from the present study are as follows: (1) Temperature estimated from Fe XVI 335.4 and Fe XIV, 334.2 is ~2.4 × 106 K and no systematic difference in temperature is found between the active region and its adjacent quiet region; (2) Mean electron density estimated from Fe XV is ~3 × 109 cm -3 and ~10 10 cm-3 from Fe XII and Fe XIV; (3) Mean density of the active region is found to be higher than that of the quiet region by a factor of 2; (4) Nonthermal velocity estimated from Fe XV and Fe XVI is 20 ~ 25 km s-l which decreases with increasing ionization temperatures. This supports the notion that the nonthermal velocity declines outwards above the transition region.

평면 뼈대구조물의 매우 큰 변형에 대하여 정확한 비선형 유한요소의 정식화 과정을 나타내었다. 유한요소 의 구성은 변화되는 재료의 기준 불성치에 근가 릎- 두고 형성하였으며 매 우 큰 변형을 받 는 재 료 의 성질을 명 확하게 특성지어 진응력-변형율 관계식을 직접 적용핫 수 있도록 하였다. 큰회전파 작은 변형융을 받는 분제 들올 형성하기 위하여 Co.rotation 접 끈 방볍을 사용하였다. 큰 변형을 일으키는 요소의 문 제플 해 결 하기 위 하여 직선보 형태의 유한요소플 사용하였으며 개개의 유한요소의 정삭화는 축방향력의 영향을 고려하여 111 소 처짐보이론올 바탕으로 형성하였다. 본 연구에서 형성된 큰 변형에 대한 비선형 유한요소의 타당성을 확인하 기 위해 몇몇 수치해들을 해석하고 검토하였다.

한국산 Longidoridae 과 선충을 채집하여 분류동정한 결과 경상북도에서 Xiphinema속의 X. zulu, X. setariae 그리고 Longidorus속의 L. sylphus등 3종이 우리나라 미기록종으로 밝혀졌으며 이들의 형태적 특징, 채집지, 기주식물 등을 보고한다.

When occurring at a nuclear power plant (NPP) by accidents, accurate prediction and identification of the process of radioactive material dispersing into atmosphere is important to protect public and environment. Atmosphere dispersion of radioactive materials is significantly influenced by wind direction and wind speed. The government and nuclear operator continuously monitor wind data at nuclear sites through meteorological tower to prepare for such accidents involving the release of radioactive materials. The purpose of this study is to construct wind rose diagrams at 5 NPP sites (Kori, Saewool, Wolsong, Hanbit, Hanul). Wind roses serve as invaluable tool for identifying wind patterns in each region and visualizing wind directions. This can be utilized to predict the dispersion pathway and extent range of radioactive materials carried by the wind. This program will take on the role of establishing appropriate evacuation routes or shelter locations for residents when reliable wind data is not immediately available during an NPP accident. The wind data used in the study was collected from a meteorological tower located at the NPP site, and measurements were taken at 1-hour intervals for each operation over a period of ten years. The collected data underwent preprocessing, followed by the development of Python code to render the wind rose diagrams in an interpretable format. The future direction of this study will be focused on enhancing this program by integrating geographical mapping capabilities. With these advancements, it will become feasible to superimpose shelter positions on a map in accordance with prevailing wind directions. These improvements will contribute to the development of additional protective measures for residents and the proposal of alternative shelter options in response to potential radioactive material releases.