Domestic industry calamity rate did decrease in large numbers by many efforts of the safety and the health organizations. Nevertheless domestic industrial accident level is low yet among the OECD countries. Domestic small and medium enterprises is in trend that industrial accident is increased by deterioration of hardware, unpreparedness of safety equipments. But, Domestic small and medium enterprises' safety and health education had not been utilized so far effectively. This research groped efficient operation model of the safety and the health education through the survey about a solution for problems of education that is enforced in small and medium enterprises to three groups of workers and safety and health administrators and managers. Compared domestic safety and health educational system and advanced foreign educational system. And, analyze problems about domestic small and medium enterprise's safety and health education and presented a solution. Finally, presented efficient operation model of the safety and the health education suitable to domestic medium and small enterprises.

본 연구는 인삼재배 해가림 시설의 실태를 조사하여 시설의 구조 및 환경 공학적인 특성을 분석하고, 개선 방안을 도출하여 환경조절형 인삼재배시설의 개발을 위한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 하였다 6개 인삼 주산지를 대상으로 현장실측 및 설문조사를 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 분석하여 뼈대구조의 재질에 따라 목재시설과 철재시설로 분류하고, 기둥과 서까래의 연결방식에 따라 전후주연결식과 후주연결식으로 분류하였으며, 도리와 보조도리의 세부구조에 따라 프레임식과 케이블 식으로 구조를 유형화하였다. 시설구조의 실측조사결과 기둥과 서까래는 대부분 표준 규격 이상의 단면을 사용하고 있었으나, 도리와 보조도리는 규격 미달이 많았고 이를 전혀 설치하지 않은 경우도 상당수 있어 이 부분에 대한 보강이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 시설의 폭과 높이, 기둥의 설치간격 등은 대체로 표준형과 비슷한 규격으로 설치하는 경향이었으나 편차가 크고, 구조적으로 취약한 부분도 상당수 있으므로 자재의 규격화와 시공 및 조립방법의 표준화가 필요하고, 폭설에 대한 대책과 보강설계가 가장 중요한 구조개선 사항으로 판단되었다. 환경관리 부분에서는 관수기준 설정 연구가 시급하고, 가장 힘들고 시간이 많이 소요되며 기계화 및 자동화가 요구되는 작업은 해가림 시설의 설치인 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 설치비가 저렴하고 구조적으로 안전하며, 작업성이 양호한 동시에 환경조절 이용이한 인삼재배시설의 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각 되었다.

This study analysed the result of a survey answered by 120 technology teachers and 360 students from 357 middle schools in Seoul to find out the actual state of safety accidents during technology education activity course in the middle school class and safety awareness of the teachers and students. The result shows that many safety accidents happen during technology education activity course in the middle school class. However, most teachers and students have experienced safety accidents or dangerous situations more than once a year. Technology teachers had very low awareness on the states of retaining safety equipments. On the other hand, they were well aware of the importance of safety, including the actual states of safety education, knowledge of safety, and the will to join safety education. Therefore, safety awareness of technology teachers should be reinforced by the extension of safety training and the improvement of safe environments.

지리산국립공원 만복대에서 남원시 복성이재까지의 백두대간의 현존식생과 녹지자연도를 2002년에 조사하였다. 조사구간의 현존식생은 총 17개 식물군락으로 구분되었으며, 신갈나무군락, 소나무군락, 졸참나무군락 등 2차림은 10개의 식물군락, 일본잎갈나무림, 잣나무림, 밤나무림 등 인공림은 6개의 산림유형으로 구분되었다. 도로비탈면이나 훼손지에서 과거에 조림한 일본잎갈나무와 잣나무의 치수가 활착하고 있었다. 조사구간의 녹지자연도는 8등급이 약 64%(9,113ha)로 넓게 분포하였고, 9등급이 9.58%(1,349ha)로 나타났다. 백두대간상 녹지자연도 1, 2등급이 7.65%(1,078ha)로 덕치리와 매요리 등에서 나타났다.

The purpose of the study was to compare the satisfaction level on hospital meal size and actual intake rate of hospital foods between elderly and middle aged patients. Sixty one middle aged and one hundered thirty two elderly patients were surveyed on the foods served in the hospital-rice, soup, meat/fish, vegetable, kimchi and daily products. Compared to the middle aged patients, the more elderly thought the serving size of rice was too big(p<0.05), and those of soup, meat/fish and kimchi tended to be too big. There was no difference in the satisfaction level on the serving size of vegetable dish between two age groups. In actual intake rates of hospital meal there were no significant differences between the elderly and middle aged patients. However, the elderly male ate significantly(p<0.05) less amount of rice than the middle aged male and the elderly female ate significantly(p<0.01) less amount of meat/fish then the middle aged female. Satisfaction levels and actual intake rates were significantly correlated in all food items.

Chinese character is forms of letters, which our ancestors first got access to and was the one and only letters in ancient East Asia. It was Korea where Chinese characters had spread its roots for the first time in the process of spreading to surrounding nations. And therefore, as a form of letters which was with the long history of the Korean race, it became the parent body of Korean language, and became Korean vocabulary itself. Today, we are living in the age where all it takes to write Chinese characters o computer is to just press the transfer key on the keyboard, even if you can`t accurate write the letter. The result of performing clinical testing in the fields of personal education apart from established system of education for around 8years by developing the drill sheets for the integrated study using the Chinese characters was that the abilities of the students grow. It was significantly proven that the student who had used Chinese letters since their elementary school years naturally stand out in language abilities in high school and tend to possess excellent ability in understanding the surrounding and creativeness. The 21st century is the age of intelligence informatization, and children today are the main leaders of the 21st century. Learning of Chinese characters through integrated study of the children whose brain would actively develop will be highlighted as a new genre of education.

이 연구는 1996년 8월부터 2002년 1월까지 우리나라에서 붕장어를 어획하는 대표적인 어구인 플라스틱 붕장어 통발이 바다 속에 어느 정도 유실되거나 버려져 있는지를 조사하고, 이들 통발에 의한 Ghost fishing의 실태를 파악하기 위하여 실시되었다. 유실되거나 버려진 통발의 수는 조사가 이루어진 해구에서 평균 34개/ km2 나타났으며, 106해구에서 94개/ km2로 가장 많았고, 113해구에서 5개/ km2 가장 적었다 수심에 따른 분포에서는 61~70m의 수심대에서 89개/ km2으로 가장 많았고, 130m 이상의 수심에서는 수집되지 않았다. 이들 통발에 의한 Ghost fishing의 평균 어획률은 8.1%였고, 224해구에서 어획률이 25%로서 가장 높았고, 92, 110, 243 및 253해구에서는 어획이 없었다. Ghost fishing을 하고 있는 통발의 수는 99해구에서 14.2개/ km2 추정되어 가장 많았다. 수심에 따른 어획률은 71~80m에서 20%로 가장 높았고, Ghost fishing을 하고 있는 통발의 수는 81~90m에서 12.7개/ km2로 가장 높은 것으로 추정되었다. Ghost fishing에 의해 어획된 붕장어의 체장 분포는 25.5cm~66.0cm였다.

In general, the cutting pattern of the membrane structures is determined by dividing the complicated curved 3-D surface into several 2-D plane strip by using flattening technique. In this procedure, however, some discrepancies ore occurred between actual stresses of equilibrated state and designed uniform stresses because the material properties are not considered. These deviations can cause the critical structural problems, wrinkling or overstress, and thus a optimization process should be considered. In this paper, a new analytical method for determining an optimum cutting pattern considering material properties is presented. Here, iterative procedure is introduced to decrease the errors caused in numerical process. The optimization method proposed can diminish the deviations occurred by material properties and numerical errors, simultaneously. As a results, it is shown that the final stress distributions for the HP shell model are sufficiently near to design stress distributions, and it can be concluded that this method can be used to obtain the optimized cutting pattern of membrane structures.