본 연구는 자연형 하천 설계시 하천의 친환경적 설계를 고려하고자 전과정평가(Life-Cycle-Assessment, 이하 LCA)에 의해 하천호안에 사용되는 공법과 그 공법에 사용되는 재료의 환경성을 평가하였다. 자연형 하천에 적용되는 에너지 및 기초자재의 환경성을 검토한 결과 단위중량당 가솔린, 디젤, 시멘트, 원주목 순으로 환경영향이 발생하는 것으로 나타났고, 단위면적에 적용된 호안공법의 환경성을 비교한 결과 돌망태공법, 옹벽공법, 방틀공법 순으로

This study aims to develop a rational evaluation system which consists of the selection of evaluation items and the estimation of its weight for the Enhancement Program of the Quality of Life for Farmers and Fishermen and Rural Development. This system has two hierarchical steps. The first step shows the evaluation goals which are relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of the program. The second step stands for the evaluation items which have 11 sub-items such as necessity and externalization for the program, rationality of procedures, feedback and monitoring system, budgetary allocations, information activities, impacts on the program, achievements of the goals and so on. A tentative evaluation system was proposed by brainstorming and Delphi method of expert-group. Weighting values of evaluation items were calculated through pair-comparison works of expert group using stepwise matrix sheets by AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process).

This study was conducted to apply practically community garden program which elevating quality of life through making, using, and keeping of it, that was helped rental housing residents improve life of oneself and environment of village independently. So far, a rental housing for a low-income group was a good way in solving lack of housing, reforming circumstance of house, but it gave rise to problems like breaking neighborship, and deprivation. Community garden program was composed to 16 session divided 1st and 2nd step program during March 29~July 26, 2005. 1st step was responsible for cultivating one's ability through observation plant culture, understanding, rule of the life, 2nd step was growing practical ability helped residents participate in community garden, effective management garden, development profitable business. This program got elevation of participant's self-esteem and life desire.

본 연구는 중년기 여성의 스포츠 참여가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이었다. 연구대상은 현재 운동에 참여하고 있는 40세 이상 60세 미만의 여성을 선정하였으며, 측정도구는 노유자(1988)가 성인의 삶을 측정하기 위해 개발한 설문지를 중년기 여성에게 유용하도록 재구성하여 사용하였다. 총 381명의 자료를 사회인구학적변인과 참여동기, 참여종목, 참여정도에 따른 삶의 질의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 일원변량분석을 실시하였으며, 사후검정은 Scheffe 방법을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 여가스포츠 참여동기 중 현재동기는 자아존중감과 가족과의 관계, 그리고 이웃과의 관계에 대한 만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 운동을 좋아하기 때문이라는 응답이 높게 나타난 여성의 경우, 여가스포츠 활동을 통해 자아존중감과 이웃 및 가족과의 관계에 대해서도 만족을 얻고 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 참여종목에 따라 자아존중감은 비교적 경제적 부담이 따르는 운동종목에 참가하는 여성에게서 만족도가 높게 나타났고, 이웃과의 관계에 대한 만족은 개인종목보다는 대인종목에서 높게 나타났으며, 정서적 안정에 대한 만족에 있어서는 참여종목에 따라 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 참여정도에서 참여기간은 정서적 안정, 자아존중감, 가족과의 관계, 경제수준 등 비교적 삶의 질의 전반에 대해 영향을 미치며, 참여기간이 길수록 대체적으로 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 매일 운동에 참여하는 여성은 가족과의 관계에 대한 만족이 높은 반면, 이웃과의 관계에 대한 만족은 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 참여시간에 따라 경제수준에 대한 만족은 운동 1회 평균 1~2시간 미만과 2~3시간 미만 동안 참여하는 여성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중년기 여성들에게 건강한 삶을 효과적으로 영위할 수 있도록 적극적인 삶의 태도와 가정 및 이웃 간의 좋은 인간관계를 만들어 나가는데 스포츠활동은 필수적인 여가활동이라 할 수 있다.

키토산을 각각 0% (Co), 0.05%(A), 0.1%(B), 0.3%(C), 0.5%(D)의 비융로 침가하여 백설기를 제조하여 키토산 첨가에 따른 백설기의 품질특성과 저장성을 조사하였다. 백설기의 품질특성은 pH, 수분함량, 색상, 기계적 texture를 측정하고 관능검사를 행하였으며 백설기의 저장성은 . 에서 저장중 생균수의 변화를 조사하였다. 키토산을 첨가하지 않은 대조구의 pH는 5.65로 산성 올 나따낸 편이나 키토산 첨가군은 모두 p

The effects of the water extracts from thyme(TM) and tarragon(TG) on shelf-life and quality of kimchi were investigated by measuring the changes in pH, acidity, number of total microorganisms, number of Lactobacillii and Leuconostoc during fermentation at 1, and were tested for antimicrobial activities against Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. TM and TG were extracted with water, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Water, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of TM showed antimicrobial activities against Lactobacillus plantarum and did not observed against Leuconostoc mesenteroides. On the other hand, water, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of TG showed antimicrobial activities against Leuconostoc mesenteroides and did not observed against Lactobacillus plantarum. The decrease of pH and the increase of acidity showed lower in kimchi prepared by adding water extracts from TM than in products from TG. The number of total microorganisms were also detected less in the kimchi prepared by adding water extracts from TM. And, the properties of barkless of kimchi measured instrumentally were higher for kimchi prepared by adding water extracts from TM, also maintaining good crispness. The optimal addition amounts of both TM and TG for good overall and spicy taste of kimchi were 0.03%. The results suggested the possible use of the extracts of TM and TG can be successfully used for the quality and extension of shelf-life of kimchi.

Kim, Bong-won * · Kim, Yoo-ill *1 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan Univ. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Quality of Life with a sample set collected from 37F residents in Seoul Metropolitan's countryside. Collected data were analyzed by means of regression analysis. Research results indicated that the predictors of Quality of Life had a relationship with'job satisfaction','self satisfaction','residential satisfaction','income satisfaction'and other variables(Ra= .48). The residents who strongly satisfied with those variables were likely to satisfy with their life. Also, the existence of toyon office and the educational level emerged as a significant factors for the life satisfaction. This means that the residents located at toyon office or educated higher level satisfied more on their life. Thus the personal characteristics and environmental attributes played a basic role on the life satisfaction. Implications for future research are discussed, and methodological and analytical weaknesses of this study are identified.

To study the shelf-life of cut cabbage kimchi, we examined the several quality characteristics of cabbage kimchi under various storage temperatures and packing materials. The pH of kimchi extracts were decreased to 4.0 in the condition of storage at 8 during 6 days, at 4 during 18days, 0 during 42 days. The increase patterns of the organic acid were reverse to the changes of pH under the all conditions. The contents of reducing sugar were continuously decreased at 8 , but increased gradually at 0 and 4 storage conditions. The contents of vitamine C were decreased at the early storage but increased to optimum ripening stage of pH 4.2-4.4 and after decreased continuously. The total bacterial cell counts of cabbage kimchi were increased suddenly at the early storage and after decreased gradually. And at the higher storage temperature, the more lactic acid bacteria were. On the results of sensory evaluation of cabbage kimchi at marketable shelf-life, sour taste and sour smell were significant under all experimental conditions by Duncan's multiple range test. On the above all results, we concluded that the marketable shelf-life of cut cabbage kimchi were 42 days, 19 days, 6 days at 0, 4, 8 storage condition respectively.

A major change occuring in the workplace is the willingness of union leaders, managers, and workers to experiment with various work schedules and to work toward the improvement in the QWL(quality of work life). In this study, the writer measures the level of QWL, embodies components of QWL, testifies the difference of QWL according to the demographical traits, and develops some scales to measure QWL in merchant ships. To achieve objectives of the paper, 11 hypotheses were established and a questionnaire was used, 894 proper data was obtained from 2, 910 Korean seamen working in merchant ships. Results of analyses are as follows : 1) The components of QWL in merchant ships are job, employee satisfaction, wage, welfare, working condition, supervise, colleague relations, initiative, and organization management. 2) Seamen of merchant ships are satisfied with job, supervise, colleague relations, and organization management. They are dissatisfied employee satisfaction, wage, welfare, and working condition. 3) According to demographical traits, the number of the factors significant difference(P<0.05) among components of QWL are 9 for type of ships, 8 ages of seamen, 7 for married or single, nationality of ships, and education level respectively, 5 for seamen career, for 4 rank on board and trading route of ships respectively, 2 for whether union or not and whether union involvement or not respectively, and 1 for department on board. 4) Results which tested hypotheses are as follows : For the components of QWL, married men are more satisfactory than an unmarried men, officers are more dissatisfactory than ratings, old men are more satisfactory than young men, men in high education level are more dissatisfactory than men in low education level, those who are much careers as a seaman are more satisfactory than those who are little careers as a seaman. There are significant differences in the components of QWL according to nationality and type of ships. There are insignificant differences in the components of QWL according to the shipboard department, whether union is or not, whether union involvement is or not, and trading route of ships.