In this study, it evaluate the electrical conductivity of fiber reinforced cement composite by Fiber type. Hooked-ended steel fiber, Smooth steel fiber and Amorphous metallic fiber were reinforced 2.0 vol.% in cement composites respectively. The electrical conductivity was evaluated by calculating the electrical resistivity of each specimen after measuring the electrical resistance.

In case of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite(HPFRCC) specimens with steel fiber of 30mm they exhibited poorer flexural strength than the straight fibers at a higher than 1.5% compared to steel fiber of 13mm and 19.5mm. In this study, Therefore we evaluated the flexural strength and cracking behavior of HPFRCC with steel fiber type such as fiber length, volume fraction.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the flexural strength and deflections developed of FRC beam with tensile bars composed of two layers combinations of steel bar, GFRP bar, and CFRP bar. As a test result, specimen with CFRP bars had the greatest maximum flexural strength. Specimens with FRP bars had more brittle failure behavior than only steel bars.

The effect of steel fiber types on the self-sensing capacity of strain-hardening fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (SH-SFRCs) was investigated. Three types of fiber, including twisted, smooth and hooked fibers, were used with a volume content of 1.5% in a mortar matrix. Although all the SH-SFRCs exhibited self damage-sensing capacity, the gauge factor, representing for damage-sensing ability, was different according to the types of fiber as follows: twisted (138.09) > smooth (99.85) > hooked (88.50). The SH-SFRC with twisted fiber produced the highest gauge factor which is very favorable for development of self damage-sensor.

Complete closed-type carbon fiber reinforced polymer stirrups with a rectangular section (CFRPRS) were developed and tested in this research. The CFRPRS was intended to relieve stress concentration and to reduce the number of kinked fibers at the bent portion. A total of 16 B.5 specimens were tested regarding the bend strength of the CFRPRS and CFRP stirrups with circular section. Test results showed that CFRPRS improved the bend strength compared to its counterpart of conventional CFRP stirrups having a circular section, with the larger ratio of width to thickness being more effective for the same sectional area. The best correlation between the test results and predictions on CFRPRS bend strength was observed when the section of CFRPRS was modeled as a collection of transformed individual circular sections.

In this study, the electrical resistivity of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCC) with four different types of steel fiber were investigated namely as twisted fiber, hooked fiber, smooth fiber (0.2 mm) and smooth fiber (0.3 mm). Experimental results indicate that the electrical resistivity of HPFRCC changes with type and diameter of steel fiber.

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was designed using polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)-type hollow fiber membrane modules with a treatment capacity of 10 ton/day. A pilot plant was installed in a sewage treatment plant and was operated with an intermittent aeration method which avoids any concentration gradient of suspended solids (SS) in the MBR. For continuous operation, the pilot plant was first tested with influent (mixed liquor suspended solid:MLSS of 1000-2000 mg/L) of aeration tanks in the sewage treatment plant. The MBR was pre-treated with washing water, 10% ethanol solution, 5% NaOCl solution and finally washing water, one after another. To demonstrate the effect of the MBR on sewage treatment, compared with conventional activated sludge processes, we investigated the relationships among permeate amount (LMH), change in operation conditions, influent MLSS level and sludge production. It was found that the optimum aeration rate and suction pressure were 0.3 m 3 /min and 30~31 cmHg, respectively. Under stable conditions in aeration, suction pressure, influent flow rate and drainage, the SS removal efficiency was more than 99.99% even when the MLSS loading rate changes. Compared with conventional activated sludge processes, the MBR was more effective in cost reduction by 27% based on permeate amount and by 51.5% on sludge production.

기존의 정수처리 공정인 응집 ·침전·모래여과를 단일 공정인 막분리 공정으로 대체하기 위한 중공사 정밀여과막의 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 실험은 우선 실험실 규모의 실험에서 여러 가지 운전인자에 대한 수질의 안정성 및 장기 운전 가능성을 검토하였고, 여기에서 최적 운전인자로 얻어진 투과플럭스 0.03m/h, 10분 여과, 2분 정지 (30초간 air scrubbing 세정 포함)의 조건으로 20m3/일 규모의 Pilot Plant를 1년 이상 운전하여 안