Epigeic spiders (Araneae) were surveyed in apple orchards under different farming practices (organic and conventional) in Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. The study was conducted from April to October in 2013 with 2 weeks interval using pitfall traps. Collected spiders were identified as 20 species of 6 families from 819 individuals in organic orchardⅠ, 19 species of 10 families from 759 individuals in orchardⅡ and 16 species of 8 families from 209 individuals in conventional orchard for from 1,787 captured spiders. Biodiversity was analyzed with species richness, abundance and Shannon diversity index (H΄). Species richness was statistically higher in organic orchard than in conventional orchard. Organic orchardⅡ comprised the greatest abundance followed by organic orchard and conventional. But species diversity was the highest in organic orchardⅡ, intermediate in conventional orchard and the lowest in orchardⅠ. Lycosidae was the most dominant family in all orchards regardless farming practices. However, Linyphiidae dominated in organic orchards only. The most dominant species were Erigone koshiensis (Linyphiidae) in organicⅠ, Pardosa laura (Lycosidae) in organicⅡ and Arctosa pungcheunensis (Lycosidae) in conventional orchard.

보광염낭거미(Clubiona zacharovi Mikhailov, 1991)의 암컷을 우리나라에서 최초로 기재한다. 이 종은 식물의 잔사체나 돌 밑 등을 배회하는 희귀종이다.

접시거미 4종 을 한국미기록종으로 보고한다; Centromerus sylvaticus (Blackwall,1841) (가우리접시거미), Ryojius japonicus Saito and Ono, 2001 (오이접시거미), Sachaliphantes sachalinensis (Tanasevitch, 1988) (극동접시거미), Tmeticus vulcanicus Saito and Ono, 2001 (화산애접시거미). 4속 역시 한국미기록속이다; Centromerus Dahl,1886 (가우리접시거미속), Ryojius Saito and Ono, 2001 (오이접시거미속), Sachaliphantes Saaristo and Tanasevitch, 2004 (극동접시거미속), Tmeticus Menge, 1868 (유럽애접시거미속). 종의 사진 자료와 진단을 위한 그림이 제공된다.

코뿔애접시거미속 (Walckenaeria)의 3종, 내장애접시거미 (Walckenaeria chikunii), 북방애접시거미 (Walckenaeria furcillata), 계곡애접시거미 (Walckenaeria ichifusaensis), 를 한국미기록종으로 보고한다. 북방애접시거미 (W. furcillata)는 구북구에 널리 분포하고 있으나, 내장애접시거미 (W. chikunii)와 계곡애접시거미 (W. ichifusaensis)는 일본내의 모식산지에서만 알려져 있다. 사진과 진단형질의 그림을 첨부하였다.

Five erigonine spider species are described with illustrations: a new species, Saitonia pilosus n. sp., and four records new to the Korean spider fauna, Ceratinella brevis (Wider, 1834), Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833, Maso sundevalli (Westring, 1851), and Parasisis amurensis Eskov, 1984. The occurrences of four spider genera, Ceratinella Emerton, 1882, Maso Simon, 1884, Parasisis Eskov, 1984, and Saitonia Eskov, 1992, are also new to Korea.

We investigated the effects of cadmium exposure and various stress on the transcription of heat shock protein 70 and 82 (HSP70 and HSP82) from Pardosa astrigera wolf spider. To do this, P. astrigera HSP70 and HSP82 genes were cloned and its full-length sequence determined. Female spiders were long-term exposed to cadmium or to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) for 2, 4 and 6 weeks and short-term exposed to endosulfan by dietary uptake. Female spiders were also exposed to various temperatures. HSP82 did not show a clear tendency of transcription induction following exposure to cadmium. On the contrary, HSP70 transcription gradually increased during the exposure to 2, 20 and 40 mM of cadmium for 2, 4 and 6 weeks. Transcript level of HSP70 was not significantly changed by endosulfan and PCB exposure. In the short-term (3 hr) temperature exposure, an increased expression of HSP70 was observed under the heat shock to 30°C and then slightly decreased at 35°C. However, induction of HSP70 transcription was not observed during the long-term (7 days) temperature exposure. Taken together, HSP70 gene appears to be up-regulated by cadmium in a time-dependent manner but little affected by other potential contaminants. Analysis of HSP70 transcript levels in P. astrigera collected from various fields revealed that levels of cadmium concentration were well correlated with HSP70 transcript levels (r2 = 0.76). Taken together, it was suggested that transcript level of HSP70 could be useful as a biomarker for the long-term cadmium exposure of P. astrigera.

The giant crab spider genus Sinopoda in Korea is reviewed with detailed illustrations of male palpal organs. Three species, S. forcipata, S. stellatops, S. koreana are recognized with newly collected specimens. The first species is recorded newly in Korea

Members of Sparassidae of Araneae are small to large sized (3-25mm) huntsman spiders (Jäger 1999). In Korea, there have been recorded 5 species, Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767), Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757), Sinopoda koreana (Paik, 1968), Sinopoda stellatops Jäger & Ono, 2002 and Thelcticopis severa (L.Koch, 1875), belonging to 3 genera (Paik, 1968, 1978, Namkung, 2002, 2003, You and Kim, 2002). In the course of survey for the spider fauna of Mt. Sobaek (1,439m elevation) located in Punggi-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do during 2007 to 2008, one of the 16 National Parks in Korea, 2 matured females of Sinopoda forcipata (Karsch,1881) which has been known to distribute in China and Japan were collected by pitfall traps. S.forcipata is a newly recorded species for the Korean spider fauna. Female of S.forcipata was described with some natural history including vertical distribution at mountain and seasonal fluctuation, and compared distribution and habitat of 3 Korean Sinopoda species referring former reports from Korea.

We examined the effects of cadmium exposure and various temperature stress on the expression of Pardosa astrigera heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). To do this, P. astrigera HSP70 gene was cloned and its sequence determined. Female spiders collected from non-contaminated region were exposed to 40mM CdCl2 for 2, 4 and 6 weeks by dietary uptake. At the end of every 2, 4 and 6 weeks of exposure, a batch of 5 spiders was collected and total RNA was extracted from each batch of whole bodies. Female spiders were also exposed to different temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35℃) for 3h and RNA extracted likewise. Transcription profiles of HSP70 in response to cadmium and temperature were determined by quantitative real-time PCR using 18S rRNA as reference gene for data normalization. HSP70 transcription gradually increased during 2,4 and 6 weeks of exposure to cadmium. In particular, the expression level at 6-week exposure was 3.4-fold higher than that of untreated control. In the temperature response, an increased expression of HSP70 was also observed as temperature increased up to 30℃ and then slightly decreased at 35℃. The expression level at 30℃ was 2.3-fold higher than that of 25℃. Taken together, HSP70 gene appears to be up-regulated by general stress factors including cadmium exposure and temperature increase.

A Korean Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) is first described with detailed illustrations, leg spination, trichobothrium patterns and SEM photographs of male palp and female epigynum. Two species, C. lascivum Karsch, 1879 and C. eutittha Boesenb

지금까지 국내에 알려져 있지 않던 접시거미과의 미기록종인 점봉접시거미(Pacifiphantes zakharovi Eskov et Marusik, 1994)(신칭)을 기재하였다. Pacifiphantes속은 한국에서는 처음으로 기록되는 속이다.

호주산 독거미의 일종인 Red-Back Spider (Latrodectus hasselti)는 고온의 사막이나 저온의 산악지역을 제외하고 호주 전 지역에서 발견되는 거미로 뉴질랜드의 Katipo Spider나 미국의 Black Widow Spider와 같은 과에 속하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 호주에는 1속 1종이 보고된 바 있으며, 독거미 중에서는 가장 잘 알려져 있는 종이다. 이에 저자는 호주 채집여행을 하며 채집한 종들 중 Red-Back spider

A list of Korean spiders was revised, including 46 families 225 genera 622 species which were reported by December 1999. Of these 61 added species and 37 alterated scientific names were supplemented, and 3 species, which have been reported since June 1994, were newly synonymized. The spider fauna of Korea is composed of 12 Cosmopolitan, 34 Holarctic, 66 Palearctic and 136 Korean endemic species. The spider fauna of Korea has much more similarity with Japanese spider fauna than with those of other countries.

초 록 최근 중국에서 신종기재된 Neoscona속(거미목: 왕거미과)의 2종 Neoscona minoriscylla(아기지이어리왕거미)와 Neoscona pseudonautica(어리집왕거미)를 한국미기록종으로 보고한다. 이로써 한국산 Neoscona속은 기지종 8종과 함께 10종이 된다.

한국산 왕거미과(Araneidae) 꽃왕거미속의 1미기록종 Araniella yaginumai Tanikawa, 1995 꽃왕거미(신칭)을 강원도 철원군 비무장지대에서 채집하였기에 이에 기재 발표한다.