본 연구의 목적은 고등학교 교육과정에서 사용되고 있는 지구과학 불일치 용어를 조사하고 그 대안을 탐색하는 데 있다. 고등학교 지구과학 교과서에서 같은 의미를 지니면서 다른 용어를 사용하는 경우 이를 불일치 용어로 정의하였다. 불일치 용어를 참고문헌과 선행 연구의 용어와 비교한 후, 284명의 교사와 학생을 대상으로 선호도를 조사하였다. 연구 결과 불일치 용어는 고등학교 교과서는 물론 참고문헌에서도 다수 조사되었다. 선호도 조사 결과 의미가 쉽게 전달될 수 있는 용어, 이전에 학습한 용어, 외래어 표기법에 맞는 용어에 대한 선호도가 높았다. 그리고 고유명의 표기가 다르거나 서로 다른 문헌과 배경 지식에 기반하고 있는 불일치 용어는 외래어 표기법과 학회 발간물에 근거하여 대안을 모색할 수 있다. 따라서 공인된 이론에 근거하고 의미 전달이 쉬운 지구과학 용어를 공유하여 사용함으로써 혼란을 해소할 수 있을 것이다.

현재 우리나라 지명의 영문 표기에 대한 전체적인 원칙과 규정은 ‘외래어 표기법’을 통해서 제시되고 있지만 세부적으로는 지명에 대한 구체적인 로마자 표기의 기준과 원칙은 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 우리나라 지명의 세부적인 영문 표기 원칙의 내용과 표기법 원칙을 살펴보고 이를 통해 지명의 영문 표기 표준화를 위한 대안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 세계 지도집과 인터넷 지도를 대상으로 국내외 지명의 영문 표기 상황과 문제점을 살펴보고 지명의 영문 표기의 원칙과 목표를 한국 지명의 음(소리)과 의미(뜻)의 전달을 위한 절충으로 설정하고 관련 내용을 논의하고자 한다. 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 지명 표기의 전통적 차자 표기의 변화에 근거한 지명의 음차와 훈차의 절충적 표기법을 살펴보고자 한다. 마지막으로 본 연구에서는 우리나라 지명의 영문 표기의 세부기준과 원칙에 대한 두 가지 대안과 복수 지명의 표기 원칙을 제시하고자 한다.

The study deals with the Korea mission of Koreanization which organized alternative way of world mission. The Korean mission focuses on passion and enforcement of Korean church, deep devotion of Korean missionary based on evangelism toward the world mission. Korean mission provide with some challenge points of view to missionary activities of the world mission. The study explain about Korean mission of some advantages : wholistic ministry, supporting system of Korean church, powerful evangelism, creative mission and ministry. First, the study analyzes some types of Korean mission which developed to mission field of Korean missionary. Further the study discusses the evangelistic activities by evangelism, church planting, content development of mission, contextual mission in mission field. Second, the article describes policy and strategy of Korean mission toward alternative way of world mission in the future. Korean mission emphasis on understanding of culture about mission field, policy of self-supporting about mission field, and related to other religions. Third, the study focuses on the contributions and alternative of Korean mission and Korean missionary. Korean mission emphasis on four important reasons : mission of church-centered, mission policy and strategy based on ministry, strong evangelism, and faith mission. Korean mission mind was formed with the challenge spirit to western mission. Based on the above devotion Korean mission promoted for world mission and evangelization. In conclusion the Korean mission should be introduce Koreanization mission for cross-cultural mission and missional regions and nations.

In the age of neo-liberal, global capitalism various kinds of human communities are continuously deconstructed and the creation is severely demolished. Under this circumstance diakonia should overcome the dichotomy of giver and receiver, which means the Baal type of diakonia theology. On the one hand, the giver always wants to be a giver/stronger, so that s/he has never accepted help from others and s/he denies the justification by faith. On the other hand, the receiver could be a crippled inside by negating the possibility of becoming a giver. However, there is an alternative model of diakonia, alternative community model. This model is an “alternative” to the neo-liberal, global capitalism and an alternative “community” model rather than an alternative individual one. In this paper, diakonia is defined as a salvation act through establishing faith community aiming at the Kingdom of God. This thesis aims at suggesting some cases of diakonia of Korean Christianity as alternative community models. There are four types of alternative communities: community type (Pulmu school and its local community), church type (Jagun church), church-community type (Baegun church and Hanmaum community, and Multicultural church and the Borderless Village), and NGO type (Youngdungpo-UIM based credit cooperative, Kwanak Self-support Center, and Ulsan Social Enterprise). The missiological significance of these alternative communities is such as: their aim is the kingdom of God and church should be a sign-community orienting toward the kingdom of God; their model is the koinonia of trinity; the close relationship between diakonia and koinonia; members of alternative communities are the little, outcasts, and minjung; we learn from them that the mission paradigm shifts from social mission to life mission; the center of the life mission is economy so that alternative economic community is very important; the importance of spirituality, concentrating toward the inner mind in oder to serve others(people and the creation). Though we are looking for alternative community models, they are particular ones, fit to their own socio-political, cultural and economic traditions and systems. However their missiological significance shows us some contour of a universal picture.

The purposes of this study are to conduct comparative study between juvenile correctional education and alternative education system and to suggest ways to make juvenile correctional education more effectively. The ideology for establishment of juvenile correctional schools and alternative schools is very similar from the point of view that both schools deal with maladjusted students. However, the juvenile correctional schools emphasize more toward vocational training while alternative schools stress human nature recovery. The alternative schools organize classes such as meditation, yoga and mind control diary to develop human nature. In addition, teacher professionalism and more diverse instructional teaching methods need to be developed in juvenile correctional schools. The alternative schools pursue to teach future oriented knowledge instead of simple acquisition of skills, move towards small schools, student-oriented curriculum, and education that can be learned from daily life. To make more effective juvenile correctional education and to incorporate merits of alternative school systems, following improvement schemes are suggested. Firstly, considering that main purpose of juvenile correctional school is to correct delinquent subculture, the juvenile correctional education need to stress more towards curriculum by accommodating mind recovery subjects and activities. Secondly, it is important to motivate students in participating school activities through providing opportunities for voluntary involvement. Thirdly, the juvenile schools need to accommodate mind cultivation program so that students can realize how much they meant to society and to recover their value to society. In addition, to conduct effective education, teachers need to be trained for professional growth, including education reimbursement programs. It is teacher's responsibility to guide maladjusted students by developing their teaching and counseling abilities. Finally, it is necessary to organize evaluation system for curriculum and course organization, by including students and parents.

본 연구는 예비 중등교사들을 대상으로 지구 내부에서의 방사성 동위원소에 대한 예비 중등교사의 대안개념의 구조를 이해하는 것이다. 그들의 대안개념의 구조를 Lakatos의 방법론을 기준틀로 한 Niaz(1998)의 제안을 사용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구는 사범대학 과학교육과 3∼4학년 17명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 방법으로는 개방형 질문지법(open-ended written questionnaire)을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 예비 중등교사들은 지구내부에서 방사성 동위원소의 붕괴의 설명은 지층의 높은 열과 압력이 그들의 대안개념에 가장 큰 영향을 주고 있었다. 또한 우리가 제안한 과학개념구성을 위한 과학 철학적 수업전략에 따른 그들의 개념변화를 조사하였다.

본 연구는 암석, 지각, 판구조론 그리고 지구 내부에 대하여 학생들이 어떠한 대안 개념을 가지고 있으며 이해 수준을 보이고 있는지 분석한 것이다. 이를 위하여 설문과 드로잉 과제를 이용하였으며, 아울러 다양한 질문안을 통하여 면담을 병행하여 실시하였다. 연구는 고등학교 1학년 158명의 학생들을 대상으로 진행되었다. 결과에서 학생들은 연구 영역에 대하여 많은 대안 개념을 지니고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 주요 대안 개념들은 암석의 정의와 생성 과정에 대한 이해, 대륙 지각과 해양 지각의 지형적 성분상의 구분, 해양 지각의 생성과 소멸과정에 대한 이해, 판과 대륙의 이동 여부와 원인, 화산 지진 활동의 발생 원인과 장소 등에 관련된 내용들에서 나타났다. 그리고 드로잉에서 분석된 대안 개념은 핵과 맨틀의 상태를 포함한 지구 내부의 물리·화학적 특성의 구분에서 나타났다.

  The National Wealth Survey Method has been used to estimate capital stocks in Korea by the Korea National Statistical Office in every 10 years. However, this method requires huge amount of time and money. Since the Benchmark Year Method also has similar

The new media are surely not strange to the students. They play computer games together and hear music and lecture in a tape recorder or a CD Player. They use the internet for their personal researches and orders. But in instruction? The technological developments open new perspective for german instruction. The new media offer a multiplicity of possibilities for a modern and effective instruction. Multimedia, television, radio make the entrance to the foreign language german for the learner possible over different channels. “Multimedia German” is an innovative learning offer, which connects different medial components and establishes new ways of media-aided learning. The multimedia teaching program runs with support of CD-ROM, DVD, video tape and grants exciting views of the german everyday life reality. The course offers regional and cultural informations as well as words and idioms, grammar, sentence structure to the learner beside course contents. The learner can learn and use not only simple sentences and everyday expressions, but also understand the german culture. The multimedia language course as blended learning offer is a teaching program with different components: Multimedia. course with CD-ROM, video and DVD, course with various materials, radio course with cassette tapes. With assistance of the learning program we can teach and learn german language and culture. Besides, we can extend and deepen already-existing knowledge about a lot of different subjects.

There are two approaches for evaluating two or more investment projects. One is a total investment approach and the other is an incremental investment approach. We present that ranking projects by the latter is not sufficient for an investor to accept the

아스팔트바인더등급은 아스팔트바인더의 품질을 포장의 공용성과 관련하여 등급화한 것으로, 혼합물배합설계에 있어서 중요재료인 아스팔트를 적절히 선정하는 데 필수적인 정보를 제공한다. 이러한 목적을 위해 미국은 1990년대 중반에 PG-등급을 개발하여 현장에 적용하고 있다. 국내에서도 최근에 미국의 PG-등급을 들여와서 바인더규정으로 채택하고 있다. 그러나 일본, 중국을 비롯한 아시아 지 역이나 유럽의 대부분 나라들은 미국과는 달리 침입도나 점도등급을 고온등급으로 사용하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 미국의 PC-등급의 타당성을 분석하는 데 있다. 분석결과는 이등급에 심각한 오류가 있음을 말해주며 , 이를 해결하기 위한 대안으로 보다 정확한 바인더등급 이론식이 소개된다. 상기 식들을 이용하여 현장가속시험기나 실내 바퀴주행시험기에서 얻어진 문헌의 데이터를 예측함으로서 본 논문에서 주장하는 내용들을 입증한다.

해양사고는 맡은 원인이 서로 복잡하게 상호작용을 하여 발생하고 있다. 이러한 해양사고의 분석은 선박의 안전 운항상의 측면에서 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 시스템다이내믹스법을 이용하여 해양사고 원인과 개선책에 대한 모델을 구축하고, 요소의 개선에 대한 효과를 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구의 수행을 위해 해양사고 원인과 개선책의 요소를 브레인스토밍법에 의해 추출하고, 인과지도상의 정량적, 정성적, 피드백루프로 변환하였다. 그리고 표준모델과 4가지 정책모델에 대해 23년간(1997-2020) 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다.

Since the 20th century, it was often announced that a painting was dead, but it is still alive. Even in the epoch of recently increasing virtuality, painting is still appealing, consistently pursed by many with a thirst. Thus, it is said that the mission of a picture is to maintain its reality without being trapped in virtuality. In the history of Western painting spanning over several hundreds of years the myriad of techniques and styles have emerged, going though a huge variety of changes: namely, its not possible any longer to find the new ways of expression in painting. Hence, painters today feel that it becomes more gradually difficult for them to execute something. In the midst of swiftly changing, diversely evolving trends of contemporary art, the painters incessantly pose a question why they go on working on painting, and seek to find its answer. Why the painters still try to say something about painting? Is that because they consider it the quintessence of fine arts or think that it is in no way possible or meaningful to comment on fine arts without relying on painting? If then, is there any avenue of escape for the painting? The question of the ‘crisis of painting’ is still raised, when reviewing the rapidly changing conditions of inventing artworks. That is also why the recent works failed to offer a conceptually unified, universally shared perspective of painting. Moreover, painting is left to shrink comparatively with the pervasive existence of videos and installations briskly employing digital images and technologies in their creations. Whats more problematic is the fact that there is a growing sense of crisis not only in the sphere of painting but also in the entire realm of art. As the organizers and curators of big-scale exhibitions and art projects tend to exploit their space spectacularly, focusing primarily on their abilities to control the space, there is a pervasive notion amongst them that painting is a medium that is not properly to suit such purposes and requests. Today, the death of painting is, in fact, the death of modernist painting, which assumed a central role in the history of art for a considerable amount of time, rather than the death of painting itself. Employing a new paradigm of invention, a picture is now entering a new domain which is perhaps unknown to us. Moving beyond the stereotypical concepts of painting, physical property and flatness, pictures today reveal the introduction of time and space and the penetration of new media such as installation, photography, video and the Internet. Despite such trends, the dexterity and tactile capability of painters is still to be considered significant in the future. The renewal of painting is made in an entirely unexpected manner and place.

Today, the world is marked by confusion and conflicts caused by a lack of leadership. The advance in science and civilization did not bring about a united and harmonious community. Rather, it the opposite phenomena is on the in crease . ln short, excessive materi ali stic affluence has made the soul of mankind desolate. Furthermore, many more people suffer from poverty and the feeling of alienation. The resulting sense of mutual distrust, accentuated by the feeling of comparative deprivation, and the generation gap has led to a state of conflict and confrontation. Thjs state is marked by a tendency towards globalization which is ruled by the logic of power and economics. This in tum has brought about the opposing trend towards regional bloc based on cultural homogeneity. The current general state of affairs calls for a leader capable of providing the necessary leadership to solve the global crisis and confusion and mediate conflicts and reestablish order The current world leadership is lacking in piety and moderation which led them to fa Jl as slaves towards power and materialism. They display clear signs of moral f1aws as they foster distrust among the people, making them move about in confusion amidst the insecure and uneasy world. The res ult of this is a strong distrust towards the current leadership. Thus, the leadership capable of solving these problems must not only be able to realize harmony and unity but must be based on the fundamentally alσuistic， cornmunal and ever-σustful faith of Christian spiri t. The answer, then , lies in the scriptural leadership based on Christian faith. The Scripture teaches us the meaning of true leadership through the image of self-sacrifice. What enables the leader to overcome self-love and see things in an objective way, gives him the ability to control himself, work for the kingdom of God, seek after the spirit of love and unity and overcome all obstacles is the leadership deriving from mission spirit. Historically, young Christians have taken a leading role in this matter. In particular, during the eighteenth century which is marked by confusion, fear and conflicts, young Christians such as Wesley and Whitfield had attempted to solve the many social, political, and economical problems through the practice of spiritual and religious movements such as spiritual revival movements and student mission movements. The reason they were successful was because the young Christians were visionaries armed with open-mindedness and adaptability. The young Christian mission leadership burns with a sense of altruistic purpose and they are filled with a vision, constantly examines themselves and praying for guidance in order to stay true to God’s purpose. As long as they accentuate the vision received from God, grow into leaders deserving of trust and responsibility, maintain the healthY and balanced development of body and spirit, train in the di scipleship, and add hurnility to these, then, they can acquire σue leadership qualities as light and salt to the world. The leadership crisis of the world can be overcome by young Christian mission leadership characterized by its oneness, unity and harrnony, mutual love, efforts to reduce division and conflict, trust and responsibility. The cause of leadership void in the wor1d is selfcenteredness that inhibits efforts to overcome oneself. There can be no alternative world leadership save by following the teachings of Jesus who died for others and taught others to do likewise. Through such leadership, we can overcome unreasonable and conflicting state of affairs and work towards changing the world ruled not by the will of people but where God’s righteousness flows like a river.