The smart factory is an important system that can reduce defects, maximize productivity, and respond to customer needs, from the labor-intensive era of traditional small and medium-sized manufacturing companies through the automation era to CPS using ICT. However, small and medium-sized manufacturers often fall short of the basic stage due to economic and environmental constraints, and there are many companies that do not even recognize the concept of a smart factory. In this situation, to expand the smart factory of small and medium-sized enterprises, the project to support the establishment of a smart factory for the win-win between large and small enterprises. The win-win smart factory construction support project provides a customized differentiation program support project according to the size and level of the company for all domestic manufacturing SMEs regardless of whether or not they are dealing with Samsung. In this study, we analyze the construction status and introduction performance of companies participating in the win-win smart factory support project to find out whether they have been helpful in management and to find efficient ways to improve support policies, and to suggest the direction of continuous support projects to improve the manufacturing competitiveness of SMEs in the future.

본 연구는 최근 기업체에서 많이 사용하고 있는 세무회계서비스에 대한 추천 의향을 조사하여 그 결과를 분석하는 것이다. 특히 비용이나 시간적 측면에서 상대적으로 어려움을 겪는 100인 이하의 소규모 기업체를 대상으로 하여 해 당 기업체들에 더 나은 서비스가 되기 위한 방향성을 찾는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 100명의 기업체 관계자 대상으로, 회사 근무자 규모, 직급, 사업자 유형 등 사업체 기본 정보는 물론 이용 중인 세무회계서비스 형태, 서비스에 대한 추천 점수, 점수에 대한 이유, 기타 세무회계서비스 관련 의견 등을 조사한다. 특히 추천 점수는 단순 만족도를 묻는 일반적인 고객의 만족도 조사보다 고객의 의견을 파악하는데 더 효과적이라고 알려진 NPS(Net Promoter Score) 방식을 사용함으로써 더 효과적인 결과를 얻고자 한다. 조사 결과 추천도에 대한 NPS 점수는 -33점으로 나왔으며 이는 일반적인 NPS 점수 평가 기준을 참고할 때 낮은 편에 해당하여 세무회계서비스에 대한 개선이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 더 구체적으로는 비추천 점수를 준 응답자들의 의견에서 불편하지도 편하지도 않고 그냥 무난해서 도움 이 되는지 잘 모르겠다, 차별성이 없으며 대안도 특별히 없다 등의 의견이 있었음을 볼 때 비추천 점수를 높이기 위해서는 차별적인 서비스가 필요하다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 조사는 100인 이하의 기업체 관계자를 대상으로 추천 도 중심으로 조사한 것으로 이후에는 기업체 규모와 조사 항목을 더 다양하게 한 조사 진행이 추가로 필요하다.

Recently, the Severe Disaster Punishment Act (January 27, 2022) was implemented, and the importance of industrial safety and health is being re-recognized. In addition, the reality is that the management burden is increasing, such as investing huge costs in reducing safety accidents centered on large companies. In this situation, we would like to help improve the working environment consistent with safety and health by deriving diagnosis and improvement measures for the current situation through a survey of production workers working in mid-sized and small-sized enterprises.

The rate of industrial accident reduction is slowing down as the attention of the Ministry of Employment and Labor and related agencies on risk assessment systems decreased. this paper focuses on weakness of legal system for the risk assessment in recent years. A survey was conducted to identify the status and condition of the risk assessment system applying on small and medium-sized manufacturing companies. A set of questionnaires is designed to reflect various perspectives of the companies regarding the problems and solutions of the system. The results refer that differentiated instructions and support systems in response to the actual conditions of the companies are mandatory to reinforce the efficiency of risk assessment system.

It was legislated in Korea that the small-sized enterprise with fewer than 50 employees should appoint at least one managing officer in order to improve safety and health of the employees since 2016. Study on the effectiveness of this legislation is hardly found, however. This study tried to evaluate effectiveness of the regulations for appointing the safety and health management officer in small-sized manufacturing companies and make suggestions to improve it. It was done by pairwise comparison between the level of safety and health achievement of 52 companies before and after the legislation. A scorecard system and questionnaires were devised for assessing the level of safety and health achievement and surveying awareness and practice of the regulation in the field. Results from quantitative and qualitative analyses performed in the study confirm that the safety and health achievement score has increased significantly after appointing the managing officer. It is also revealed that the lack of expertise and motivation of the appointed officer would yield pointless outcomes. Recommendations to make it better the effectiveness of the regulation are: to administrate requirements more strictly to be appointed as a safety and health management officer, to revise the curriculum to train the expertise of the appointed officers, and to expand financial support of the government to settle the safety and health management system.

The background of the development is to contribute to the reduction of radioactive waste, recycling of resources and effectively purifying the air in the workplace. Ultimately, it affects the reduction of internal exposure of workers. According to the standard procedure of KHNP,「Use and Management of Respiratory Protection Equipment」, the expiration date of mask filter is indicated by the manufacturer before opening. It is 1 year from the date of first combination after opening. We have developed an air purifying equipment that can recycle and reuse expired mask filter waste in nuclear power plant. In order to confirm the performance, we observed air pollution level by operation time. The location was measured at 3 locations including the decontamination product warehouse in NPP, and the size of the measurement locations were 53 m3, 150 m3, 180 m3, and 900 m3. As a result of measurement, significant air purification effect was found in 53 m3 and 150 m3. Decontamination effect of 80% was shown after 1 hour of operation, and 20% of decontamination effect was shown gently for 3 hours thereafter. On the other hand, there was no significant decontamination effect in the 180 m3 and 900 m3 spaces. Significant results were derived by statistical methods. Statistical procedure involves the collection of data leading to test of the relationship between two statistical data sets, or a data set and synthetic data drawn from an idealized model. The basic composition and product characteristics was as follows: Blower, filter fixing unit, Air purifier outlet round shape, Differential pressure gauge, inverter (200 V, 3π, 200 W). The developed product weigh is 25 kg. This is lighter than the existing product weighing 100 kg. It is judged that it is suitable for convenient use. Because the area where the major air pollution level occurs is isolated by a room in NPP. This developed product has a greater significance in that it recycles radioactive waste within the radiation management area rather than air purification efficiency.

Through constructing statistical fracture network model based on discrete element method, the evolution characteristics of the fracture aperture had been directly simulated and evaluated caused by redistributed stress after the borehole excavation. This study focuses on the size effect of the discrete element method for the analysis of the effective distance of fracture aperture change after the borehole excavation. A two-dimensional trace-type domain with a maximum size of 1.1 m2 was created using a discrete fracture network with stochastic information of KURT. A total of eight domains with different sizes were constructed from the largest domain area to the 0.4 m2 analysis area. The aperture change ratio which can be depending on the domain size was examined. The ratio was investigated by comparing the aperture size before and after the simulation of borehole excavation. In addition, the effective range of aperture changes was analyzed by comparing the re-distribution distance from the center of the borehole. Based on dimensional analysis, input variables (borehole radius, occurrence distance of aperture changes, domain size) were modeled using exponential distribution form. Through the analysis model, two dimensionless variables were derived to investigate the expected distance of the aperture changes and appropriate DFN domain size for simulating bole excavation. As an application example of the 3-inch borehole simulation, the analysis model predicted that the range of aperture changes could occur within a radius of about 0.98 m from the borehole center, and the suitable size of the model had been inferred as about 5 × 5 m for minimizing the domain size effect.

IAEA, in preparation for possible commercial operation of small modular reactors (SMR), is pursuing the early development of safeguards approaches for these reactors along with the publication of the safeguards technical report (STR) to make verification activities easier for inspectors. For this purpose, the IAEA, through the MSSP, is developing various approaches for the application of safeguards by design for SMRs in collaboration with five countries that along with the ROK includes Russia, China, and U.S. etc. In order to review the specific design information of the ROK’s only SMR facility, SMART, and to establish safeguards methods from the initial design stage, collaborations were made with the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, which researched and developed the SMART. As a result, the design information questionnaire (DIQ) and STR was created and sent to the IAEA. The DIQ is a collection of crucial questions regarding the application of safeguards to understand the characteristics of the reactor facility, and STR is a document referred to by IAEA inspectors during safeguards verification activities. The main contents of the STR consist of introduction, technological description of SMR, safeguards approach, conclusions and annexes. Through this study, it is anticipated to understand the technical requirements for safeguards implementation of SMRs in the design stage, and through the completion of the final report applying SBD with regards to the design of the SMART facility, it could be used as information material for future safeguard verification activities by IAEA inspectors.

본 논문은 강대국 경쟁 하에서 약소국들의 동맹 전략의 차이는 어디에 서 발생하는가에 대한 해답을 추구한다. 기존 국제정치 이론은 약소국들 의 자율적 외교 정책이 제한되어 있으며 국제정치에서의 힘의 배분이 약 소국들의 외교정책을 추동한다고 설명한다. 또 한편으로 국내정치의 구 도와 이데올로기, 민족주의의 국내 정치적 요소 또한 중요하다는 논의 또한 존재한다. 본 연구는 많이 주목받지 못했던 1950년대 초반 냉전의 형성 당시 인도네시아와 태국의 각기 다른 외교안보전략을 국내 정치적 비교연구를 통해서 분석한다. 두 국가는 모두 외부 경제적 지원의 필요 성, 안보 위협에 직면했으나 동맹전략에 있어서 인도네시아는 미국과의 동맹이 아닌 비동맹 전략을 취한다. 반면 태국은 국내정치적 논란에도 불구하고 미국과의 협력을 취한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 차이가 이 두 국가의 국내 정치적 세력 구도의 차별성에 기인하고 있음을 밝힌다.

최근 10년간 국내에서 발생한 해양사고현황에 따르면, 총톤수 10톤 미만의 소형어선이 차지하는 비중은 전체 해양사고 중 47.51%로 높게 확인되었다. 또한 해양사고의 증가추세 역시 다른 선종/크기(총톤수)에 비해 매우 가파르게 증가하고 있어 이에 대한 대책마련이 시급한 실정이다. 한국해양교통안전공단에서는 소형어선의 선박검사제도 개선방안으로 자체검사제도의 도입을 제안한 바 있으며, 해양수산부에서는 최근 비대면 검사방법의 도입을 위해 ‘원격방식에 의한 선박검사 지침’을 마련하여 시행하였다. 본 연구에 서는 소형어선의 해양사고 감소 방안으로서 자체검사승인제도를 제시하고, 원격방식의 선박검사제도의 정형화 방안마련을 위해 모바 일 애플리케이션을 개발하여 실효성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 어선소유자의 자발적인 안전관리를 유도하기 위한 자체검사승인제도의 도 입과 함께 모바일 애플리케이션 기반 선박검사제도 도입의 필요성이 확인되었으며, 자체검사승인제도는 선박소유자의 안전의식을 고 취시켜 해양사고 감소에 대한 실효성이 있음을 확인하였다.