국립생태원에서는 2016~17년에 걸쳐 한반도의 남부지역에 해당되는 충청ꞏ전라, 경상 지역에서 외래생물 전국 서식실태조사를 수행하였으며, 그 중 외래곤충 현황에 대한 결과이다. 2016년 충청ꞏ전라권역 65개 시ꞏ군에서 총 8목 20과 28종의 외래곤충이 조사되었으며, 그 중 2종의 미기록종(Hindoloides bipunctatus, Salurnis marginella)이 확인되었다. 해당 권역에 분포하는 외래곤충 중 갈색날개매미충은 48개 시ꞏ군으로 가장 많은 지역에서 서식이 확인되었고, 다음으로 꽃매미(41), 등검은말벌(35), 버즘나무방패벌레, 해바라기방패벌레(30), 미국선녀벌레(27) 순이 었다. 2017년 경상권역 43개 시ꞏ군에서 총 6목 24과 32종의 외래곤충이 조사되었으며, 그 중 1종의 미기록종(Dentatissus damnosus)과 2종의 미접종(뾰족부전나비, 무늬박이제비나비)이 확인되었다. 해당 권역에 분포하는 외래곤충 중 남방노랑나비가 37개 시ꞏ군으로 가장 많은 지역에서 서식이 확인되었고, 다음으로 꽃매미(36), 해바라기방패벌레(35), 등검은말벌(31), 돼지풀잎벌레(30) 순이었다. 남부지역 총 133개 시ꞏ군에서 꽃매미가 가장 많은 지역(77)에서 서식이 확인되었으며, 다음으로 갈색날개매미충(70), 등검은말벌(66), 해바라기방패벌레(65) 순이었다.

Delphacidae is the most diverse group in the Superfamily Fulgoroidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha) with more than 2000 reported species worldwide. This group is commonly called planthoppers, because most members are grass-feeding species. Some members are known as vectors of economically important plant viruses, and damage to several crops in many countries. Stenocranus is one of the biggest groups in the Delphacidae. In Korea, there have been eight recorded species. In this presentation, we present taxonomic review of the Stenocranus with a new record in Korea. Morphological characters and key to Korean species are presented.

The orthotyline plant bug genus Ulmica is reported from Korean peninsula for the first time with one new species, Ulmica sp. sp. nov. Morphological diagnosis, the dorsal habitus and genitalia of both sexes are figured for new species. A key to the world Ulmica species is also provided to aid in their identification.

Subfamily Asopinae (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is known to have a unique behaviour among congeners of the family Pentatomidae. Their predatory behavior towards Lepidoptera and Coleoptera larvae has been numerously studied as some of the species have been used as biological control agents against insect pests. In this presentation a morphological taxonomical revision of the Korean Asopinae is made. New records and the first key from Korea are presented together with illustrations of all their habitus. Their possible role as Biological control agents in Korea is also discussed.

Mirinae is the most diverse subfamily within the family Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), and includes more than 4,000 species. In Korea, mirids were first recorded from Jeju Island in the mid-1960s. Since that study, numerous plant bug species from the Korean peninsula have been newly recognized and described. Previously, 101 species of Mirini were recorded from Korean peninsula. In this study, we provide an additional information of Mirini in Korea with a description of new species and new records.

Cerambycidae, a family of Coleoptera (Insecta: Chrysomeloidea), include approximately 33,000 species from the world and 357 species are recorded from the Korean peninsula. The members of this family are regarded as insect pests because they bore inside of host plants, otherwise, some lepturine species are pollinators of flowering plants. In Korea National Arboretum (Korea Forest Service), we are carrying out investigation of cerambycids biodiversity in Korea and neighboring countries. As results, we present some results of studies on host plants of Korean Cerambycidae and further study plans in a new project, "interactions between phytophagous insects and plants including microorganisms" in Korea National Arboretum.

A recent topic of interest within ecology is ecosystem services that are importantly connected with biodiversity. Biodiversity is a fundamental component of ecological studies and has been the subject of many studies worldwide. However, studies on the diversity and distribution of freshwater fish were not undertaken in earnest until 2000, and the number of internationally available studies is therefore still limited. In this study, we used data from “The Survey and Evaluation of Aquatic Ecosystem Health (hereafter SEAEH)” within the framework of which whole water systems on the Korean peninsula are annually monitored to investigate and determine the current status of the diversity and distribution of freshwater fish, as well as to elucidate major factors impacting freshwater fish. A total of 130 species from 28 families were identified at around 953 sites in the SEAEH investigation of 2014. The species Zacco platypus (relative abundance: 28.2%) and Z. koreanus (19.3%) were identified as the most abundant species on the Korean peninsula, and besides these 20 endangered species, 51 endemic species and 4 exotic species were also collected. Highest (96 species) and lowest (72 species) diversity were identified in the Han River Watershed and the Yeongsan/Seomjin River Watershed, respectively. The mean endemic rate was 32.7%, which is higher than the previous rate determined in 1995. The exotic species Micropterus salmoides, Lepomis macrochirus and Carassius cuvieri were found in the whole river system except north Yeongdong, whereas Oreochromis niloticus occurred only at three sites due to the cold water temperatures in winter. Totally, 28 species were found to be translocated to different water systems not connected with known original habitats, most translocations occurring in the Nakdong River and the Yeongdong region. Among the translocated species, Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis, and Erythroculter erythropterus were dominantly distributed in the mid- to lower reaches of Nakdong River where they may be harmful to the native fish assemblages due to their strong predation. The construction of weirs in connection with the “4 River Project” generated changes in fish assemblages before, during and after the project, resulting in altered habitat condition. Especially, a decrease in the number of endemic species and an increase in the abundance of lentic species were seen. Human-induced global warming will allow exotic species requiring high water temperatures to adapt to the environmental conditions of the Korean peninsula, which may enhance the diversity of native fishes and create changes in distribution. For the establishment of realistic and efficient management and protection strategies for Korean freshwater fish, SEAEH, which produces fundamental and quantitative data for Korean streams, is an important and necessary tool.

With land-use (cover) and water quality, the distributional characteristics of epilithic diatom communities were studied with 193 samples from estuaries of Korean peninsula between 2015 and 2016. Of total 394 taxa classified, Nitzschia perminuta (19.6%) and N. inconspicua (14.0%) were the 1st and 2nd dominant species. Using a cluster analysis, the epilithic diatom communities of Korean estuaries were divided into four groups (G1-G4). Ecological characteristics of each group were followed: G1 was located in estuaries of the East Sea, and characterized by high forest land-use and high DO and low nutrients; G2 was the eastern part of the South Sea, and characterized by low turbidity and nutrients; G3 was the western part of the South Sea, and characterized by high agriculture, low electric conductivity and low salinity; G4 was the Yellow Sea, and characterized by high nutrients. The environmental factors having significant correlation with diatom distributions were as follows: TN to G1, turbidity to G2, agriculture to G3, and TP to G4. Moreover, the important factors affecting the occurrence of indicator species were forest land-use for Fragilaria construens var. venter in G1, turbidity for Rhoicosphenia abbreviata in G2, urban land- use and total phosphorus (TP) for Bacillaria paradoxa and Hantzschia amphioxys of G3, and TP and turbidity for N. ovalis and Stephanodiscus invistatus of G4. These results collectively indicate that the distribution of epilithic diatom communities in Korean peninsula was largely effected by water quality and land cover/use.

본 연구에서는 동해 연안의 경상북도(경북)와 강원도(강원)의 정치망어업에서 31년(1980~2010)간 5~11월에 어획된 방어 어획량 과 연근해 수온과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 또한, NOAA 수온 영상을 이용하여 수온의 상승과 하강 시기에 외해수의 이안 및 접안으로 인한 방어의 북상시기(5~8월)와 남하시기(9~11월)의 어획량 변동을 분석하였다. 전체 방어 어획량의 변동은 연도별 차이는 있지만 방어의 북상 시기보다 남하시기에 높은 수온의 외해수가 연안에 접안할 때 어획량이 증가였다. 연안수온의 하강기는 북상 및 남하하는 모든 시기에 경북이 강원보다 방어 어획량이 많았다. 수온 상승기는 방어 어획량의 증감이 동시에 나타났고, 남하시기의 방어 어획량은 일반적인 현상 과 달리 강원이 경북보다 어획량이 많았다. 이것은 하계의 25 이상의 수온이 강원도까지 분포하면서 추계까지 높은 수온(20 )이 지속 되어 방어의 체류시간이 길어졌기 때문이다.

본 연구에서는 한반도 주변 화산분화 시나리오를 고려한 국내 농업시설물의 화산재 취약도를 구축하였다. 이를 구축하기 위하여 화산재 하중 통계치(평균, 표준편차)와 농업시설물 저항성능의 통계치를 통해 신뢰도 지수를 산정하는 FOSM(first-order secondmoment) 기법이 이용되었다. 화산재 하중 통계치는 화산재 확산 시뮬레이션인 FALL3D를 이용하여 백두산, 울릉도, 아소산에 대한 분화 시나리오를 고려하여 산정하였으며, 농업시설물의 저항성능 통계치는 농촌진흥청에서 제공하는 내재해형 비닐하우스의 설계 적설심을 통해 공칭 파괴강도에 기초하여 산정하였다. FOSM 기법으로 평가된 화산재 취약도는 연속적인 화산재 퇴적두께로 인한 파괴확률을 평가하기 위하여 GEV 누적분포함수의 모수 형태로 데이터베이스화하였다. 본 연구에서 구축된 농업시설물의 화산재 취약도는 분화 화산별(백두산, 울릉도, 아소산), 지역별(서울, 부산, 대구, 대전), 농업시설물별(07-자동화-01, 08-자동화-01, 10-자동화-01), 화산재 수분함유 상태별(습윤, 건조)로 각기 상이한 파괴확률을 평가하였으며, 추가적으로 구축된 농업시설물의 화산재 취약도를 비교·분석하여 최대/최소의 파괴확률 범위를 확인하였다.

In this paper, two species of Mirine plant bug, Pinalitopsis rhodopotnia Yasunaga, Schwartz and Cherot, 2002 andYamatolygus pilosus (Yasunaga, 1992) are newly recorded from Korean peninsula. The dorsal habitus and genital structureof each species were provided. Also, figure of allied species, Pinalitus nigriceps Kerzhner, 1988 and P. rubeolus (Kulik,1965) are also documented to aid in the identifications of allied species.

The species of the genus Elasmostethus Fieber, 1860, belonging to the family Acanthosomatidae, occurring in the KoreanPeninsula are reviewed. Through this study, six species are recognized; the occurrence of four previously recorded species,including E. brevis Lindberg, 1934, E. humeralis Jakovlev, 1883, E. interstinctus (Linnaeus, 1758), and E. nubilus (Dallas,1851) are confirmed; two species, E. rotundus Yamamoto, 2003, and E. yunnanus Hsiao & Liu, 1977, are recorded forthe first time from the Korean Peninsula. The record of E. kansuensis Hsiao & Liu, 1977, is based on misidentificationof E. yunnanus. Therefore E. kansuensis is deleted from the Korean fauna. Photographs of habitus and genital segmentsof the two newly recorded species are included, and diagnoses and a key to the Korean species are provided.

The species composition and variation in abundance of fishery resources near Oenarodo, Go-heung Peninsula, Korea, were investigated by gill net, trap net, and longline in May, July, and October 2015 and 2016. During the study period, the total catch included 14 species in the gill net, 11 species in the trap net, and 4 species in the longline. The dominant species were Portunus trituberculatus and Raja pulchrain the gill net, Charybdis japonicaand and Octopus vulgarisin in the trap net, and Muraenesox cinereusin in the longline. The Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) per individual and per weight in the gill net were similar in May and July of 2015 and 2016. In October 2015, the CPUE per individual was 2.1 ind./h and the CPUE per weight was 505 g/h higher than the results in 2016, but there was no significant difference in the total CPUE between 2015 and 2016. In the trap net, the CPUE per weight was similar in both 2015 and 2016, but the CPUE per individual was 2.7 ind./h higher in October 2015 than in October 2016 and the total CPUE was not significantly different from 2015 to 2016. The CPUE per individual and weight in the longline were significantly higher in July and October 2015 than in the same months of 2016, but the total CPUE in 2015 and 2016 did not show a significant difference.

A typical snowfall pattern occurs over the east coastal region of the Korean Peninsula, known as the Yeongdong region. The precipitation over the Yeongdong region is influenced by the cold and dry northeasterly wind which advects over warm and moist sea surface of the East Sea of Korea. This study reveals the influence of large-scale factors, affecting local to remote areas, on the mesoscale snowfall system over the Yeongdong region. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Department of Energy reanalysis dataset, Extended Reconstructed sea surface temperature, and observed snowfall data are analyzed to reveal the relationship between February snowfall and large-scale factors from 1981 to 2014. The Yeongdong snowfall is associated with the sea level pressure patterns over the Gaema Plateau and North Pacific near the Bering Sea, which is remotely associated to the sea surface temperature (SST) variability over the North Pacific. It is presented that the relationship between the Yeongdong snowfall and large-scale factors is strengthened after 1999 when the central north Pacific has warm anomalous SST. These enhanced relationships explain the atmospheric patterns of recent strong snowfall years (2010, 2011, and 2014). It is suggested that the newly defined index in this study based on related SST variability can be used for a seasonal predictor of the Yeongdong snowfall with 2-month leading.

경형동기는 정면이 볼록하게 튀어나와 있는 직경 5cm 이상의 평면 원형의 뉴가 달려 있는 청동기이 다. 주연부의 꺽임 여부를 제1기준, 뉴 위치를 제2기준, 크기를 제3기준으로 할 때 전체 8개 형식으로 분류된다. 대체로 기원전 10~9세기에는 A형계와 B형계가 모두 확인되는 반면, 이후부터는 뒷 시기로 갈수록 A형계만이 지속되는 가운데 뉴가 중심뉴에서 중연뉴를 거쳐 변연뉴로 이동되는 양상을 보인 다. B형계는 기원전 10~8세기 하가점상층문화에만, AIb식·AIc식은 기원전 6~5세기 심양시에만, AIIa 식은 기원전 5~4세기 중엽 길림시에만, AIIIa식은 기원전 3세기 전엽 함평군 일대에만 분포한다. 하가점상층문화의 경형동기는 주로 요대와 관련 부속물에 착장되어 수장층의 의례 활동 관련의 의기 이자 보조적인 위세품으로만 사용된 반면, 정가와자유형에서는 수장층이 살아 생전에 사용한 의기 외 에 수장의 죽음을 영송하는 장례 관련 특수 기물과 위세품적 고급 거마장식류로도 사용되어졌으며, 서 단산문화 후기단계에서는 주로 목에 걸고 사용하는 의기로 사용되어졌고, 강상문화 누상단계에서는 주 로 위세품으로 사용되어졌고, 한반도 영산강 유역의 함평군 상곡리집단에서는 수장이 의례를 진행할 때 여러 매를 그물 구조의 끈에 연결하여 이를 목에 걸어 착용하던 의기로 사용되어졌다.

In this paper, two species of Mirine plant bug, Polymerus amurensis Kerzhner, 1988 and Rhabdomiris striatellus Fabricus, 1794 are newly recorded from Korean peninsula. The dorsal habitus and genital structure of each species were provided. Also, figure of related species, P. pekinensis Horvath, 1901 and R. pulcherrimus Lindberg, 1934 were also documented to aid in the identifications of newly recorded species respectively.

The superfamily Psylloidea of Korean Peninsula is systematically revised. Systematic studies on the Psylloidea are conducted mainly three themes: (1) The taxonomic review of superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) in the Korean Peninsula, (2) DNA barcoding for the correction of taxonomic confusions and confirmation of seasonal forms, and (3) molecular phylogeny of Psylloidea to elucidate higher group relationships and to test current controversial morphological classifications.

Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), commonly called “Lace Bugs”, is reported with more than 300 genera and 2,500 species and widely distributed in the world. All of the members of Tingidae are phytophagous, and have associations with their host plants. Some species are known as serious insect pests in agriculture and in forestry (including landscaping trees) in many countries. In this talk, Physatocheila sp. nov. is described from the Korean Peninsula. The morphological information of the Korean congeners and a key to the Korean Physatocheila species are presented with photographs and illustrations.