This paper is trying to read the text with the current theory decolonialism. To this, The writer adopted the text Seamus Heaney's early poetry Death of a Naturalist. Seamus Heaney is known to be the most important poet since W. B. Yeats as a winner of Nobel Prize for Literature in 1995. I assume that a growing interest among readers reflects this prevailing enthusiasm for his work. His method and idea owe more to decolonial attitude more than that of naturalist or romantist. This seems to be an attractive factor to draw a reader's attention. In fact, his poetry has the proper qualities to absorb the devotees of 'decolonialism' still dominant in dealing with the poetry. Decolonialism as a literary theory is becoming an influential textual strategy rather than remaining as one of the academic master discourse. So far, the established textual reading theories have been closely related to logocentrism, and they failed to be acknowledge as objective way of reading. For this reason, the decolonialism has an important implication in the sense that it subverts the colonial ideology within the context of colonized society, and at the same time, reconstructs counter-discourse to find out self-identity and decolonized space. Meanwhile, Heaney have been witnessed historical moments of the death of his mother land, Ireland as well as of the Irish people, as the history of Ireland manifests. In doing so, the Irish people broke the cycle of imperial situation. The consciousness of them became consciousness of the nation. By way of this historical experience of authentic decolonization, Heaney's aesthetics became, more and more, politicized against the crisis which the repressive force of imperialism caused to occur. Under this traumatic disasters of Ireland, Heaney's poetic quest makes him and practical struggle against the colonial power in a poetic way. The main subject of his poetry is to find out his Irish identity with the past tradition and its continuity. The subject is linked with the question to find out the Celtic identity between the past and the present which is dominated by colonialism. To regard this, this paper analyses Heaney's text focusing on the decolonialism expressed by his poetry. I try to examine the process of his poetic writings and its attitude against English colonialism. To do this, My major interest is in his Celtic myth and language employed in his poetry. And I attempt to search for the true Irishness which Heaney makes every effort to materialize the reality of Ireland in his poetry. To conclude, the decolonial discourse and its textual strategy has an tactics and also has an important implications that lay bare the dominant ideology hidden by the seemingly impersonal intention of colonialism.

2000년대에 들어와서 강력하게 추진되고 있는 국내 학회와 학술지에 대한 평가는 학회와 학술지의 장래를 결정하게 되는데 여기에 대한 한국지구과학회의 대응과 그 결과를 제시하고 앞으로 지구과학이 어떤 방향으로 연구하고 교육해야 하는지를 토의해 보고자 한다. 2002년에 실시된 학술진흥재단 평가에서 한국지구과학회지가 우수하게 평가되어 학술진흥재단의 등재지로 선정되었으며, 한국지구과학회의 정체성을 결정하는 지구과학 학문 분류 (2002년도)가 학술진흥재단에 그대로 반영되었다. 그리고 2003년도부터 국가 학문 분류를 확정하기 위하여 KISTEP(한국과학기술기획평가원)에서 실시한 공청회와 의견 수렴에 적극적으로 참여하여 우리의 학문 분류 안을 관철시켰다. 그리고 2003년도 학술진흥재단학문분류를 위하여 지구과학분야의 학문 분류 안을 제출하였다. 앞으로도 학술지 평가와 학문 분류 조정이 계속적으로 이루어지기 때문에 지구과학의 정체성과 함께 지구과학의 학문 분류에 대하여 지속적으로 연구해야 할 것이다.

The theme of this paper is that language is also a social and cultural product made by humans. Therefore, it is insisted that modem language has a lot to contribute to social consensus. ln this aspect, the German language is treated as a test case. Since the German enlightenment, idealistic philosophy has proposed that human beings must be built as sentient beings. The German cultural discourse has been characterized by a tendency to abstraction. ldealistic ideas have led to formalistic effects in face of the great conf1ict of modem society. For that reason, the semiotic aspect of modern identity is a very important field of research.

인위적인 산성스트레스가 담수산 소백옆새우(Gammarus sobaegensis Ueno)에 미치는 영향을 정체성 수조건 하에서 급, 만성 생태독성실험을 통해 알아보았다. 급성독성 실험 시 pH 3 대역에서의 반수치사시간(LT50)은 평균 0.271(±0.146)day로 개체의 크기 또는 먹이의 유무 그리고 주변 환경에 대한 적응능력에 관계없이 일정한 모습을 나타내고 있었다. pH4.0대역에서의 LT50은 0.812(±0.

In my article titled “Nationalism of William B. Yeats and Seamus Heaney in their early poetry: mythic nationalism and realistic national consciousness” which was published in The Journal of English Language & Literature Vol. 45 No. 3, I analyzed three among four factors of nationalism (implicated) in the two poets’ early poetry, that is, ethnicity, language, territory. This article deals with one remaining factor of nationalism, religion, in their middle poetry. Religion is so powerful an influence in Ireland that Irish nationalism can be considered Irish Catholic Nationalism. The political, religious, and economic conflicts between Anglo-Irish Protestants and Catholic Irish made Ireland divided into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland, after Ireland was liberated from British imperialism in 1922. The native Irish who had lost even their mother tongue, Gaelic during the colonial period of almost 800 years ruled by the British Empire sought their national identity in Catholicism and made the religious oppression of Britain their centripetal force. To Yeats, religion was not a dogmatic faith of institutionalized religion but a field in which his imagination of the supernatural is allowed full play to go beyond the ephemeral real world to the eternal spiritual world. He set the Irish religious identity on Irish countrymen’s native faith in faerie, ghost, eternity of soul, and the world of magic expressed in Irish legends, folklore, myths, and oral traditions. He satisfied his hunger for the ultimate truth of universe with the Irish ancient faith in the mystical world of the everlasting soul and the visionary as well as various kinds of mysticism in the East and the West. The mystical religious identity of the native Irish emphasized by him anticipated the continuous collisions among him, the Catholic pulpit and Irish nationalists. His romantic belief in a heroic spiritual Ireland materialized his Irish Literary Movement and his idealized Anglo-Irish Ascendancy culture was far from the political nationalism of the middle class of Ireland, the political class of the people democracy. Seamus Heaney has also suffered from the conflict between his cultural․ political ideals which are fundamentally Ireland-centered and the political reality of the violent IRA (Irish Republican Army) which kills even civilians at random for the cause of nationalism. To Heaney the religious faith was a recognition of the deep value of the religious ritual and the Catholic ritual has been internalized in his feminine poetic sensibility of patience, humility, duty, discipline, guiltiness, grace, wonder, and the ritual supplication. The Irish religious identity he put an emphasis on was not the visionary mystic one of Yeats but the real one which has been internalized in the minds of the native Catholic Irish as “self-afflicting compulsions” and spiritual paralysis, especially in terms of political martyrdom complex in IRA and historical defeatism of Catholic priests in Northern Ireland. Both Heaney and Yeats opposed violence of nationalism and sought their ideal one. Religion has had a devastating influence on the two tribal struggle in Ireland so that the two poets refused the established Christianity and tried to enhance Irish republican nationalism to the genuine nationalism allowing the peaceful co-existence of the two races living in Ireland. Heaney demythodized Yeats’s myth of the political martyrdom and denied the religious halo of Irish nationalism as well as the mythodized force in the history of the Northern Europe. His quest of democratic co-existence of plural culture in Ulster seems realistic and idealistic solution of the Troubles in Northern Ireland.

일정체적의 원형단면을 갖는 변단면 보-기둥의 자유진동 및 좌굴하중을 지배하는 미분방정식을 유도하고 이를 수치해석하였다. 미분방정식에는 축하중효과를 고려하였다. 원형단면의 반경변화는 포물선식을 채택하였고, 고정-고정, 고정-회전 및 회전-회전 보-기둥의 고유진동수 및 좌굴하중을 산출하였다. 수치해석의 결과로 무차원 고유진동수와 무차원 변수들 사이의 관계 및 무차원 좌굴하중과 단면비 사이의 관계를 그림에 나타내었고, 최강기둥의 단면비와 좌굴하중을 구하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 코로나19가 확산하기 이전 시합에 정상적으로 참여했을 때와 코로나19 확산으로 인해 장 기간 시합에 참여하지 못했을 때 학생선수와 실업선수의 선수 정체성 변화양상을 알아보는 것이다. 방법: 연구대 상은 코로나19 확산 전 대부분의 대회에 참가한 경험이 있는 고등학교 여자탁구선수 65명과 실업탁구선수 35명 이었다. 설문지를 활용하여 선수 정체성을 측정하였으며, 수집된 자료에 대하여 빈도분석, 대응표본 t-test. 반복측 정 이원분산분석(two-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 결과: 코로나 19로 인한 장기간 시합 미참가는 학생 탁구선수 와 실업 탁구선수의 선수 정체성을 감소시켰는데, 학생선수에 비해 실업선수의 선수 정체성이 더 현저하게 위축 되었다. 또한, 경기력 수준(상비군 경험 유무)에 따라 학생선수와 실업선수의 선수 정체성의 변화가 다르게 나타 났다. 선수 정체성의 하위 요인인 긍정적 정서의 경우 상비군 경험이 있는 학생선수들이 상비군 경험이 없는 선 수들에 비해 더 급격하게 감소되었다. 결론: 장기간 시합 미참가는 학생과 실업 여자 탁구선수의 선수 정체성이 위축되는데 학생보다 실업 선수가 더 부정적으로 영향을 받았다. 선수 정체성의 침체를 막기 위해서는 무관중 경 기 등으로라도 시합 참가 기회가 꾸준하게 마련되어야 한다.