Purpose - The purpose of this study is to classify the quality factors of chicken restaurant customers with the service quality based on the SERVQUAL, the quality factors based on the selection attributes and service qualities of chicken restaurants used in the previous studies. Research design, data, and methodology - This survey was carried out on the students of Kangwon University in Samchuk City, Kangwon Province from November 20 - November 30, 2017, and a total of 260 questionnaires were distributed, with 222 collected. Of them, effective questionnaires applied in the final study were a total of 193 except 29 that couldn't be used. Results - The findings of this study are as follows: Firstly, chicken restaurants' quality factors were divided into seven categories like cleanliness, service encounter quality, product quality, aesthetics, overall interior, purchase quality, and convenience. Secondly, it showed that service encounter quality, purchase quality, and cleanliness had a positive impact on customer satisfaction, respectively. Thirdly, it showed that service encounter quality, purchase quality, and cleanliness had a positive impact on trust, respectively. Fourthly, it showed that customer satisfaction had a positive impact on behavioral intention. Additionally, it suggested that customer satisfaction of chicken restaurant consumers had a positive impact on behavioral intention and thereby, higher customer satisfaction leads to higher levels of reuse and recommendation intention. Lastly, after checking the effect relations of trust between customer satisfaction about chicken restaurant and behavioral intention, it was analyzed that customer satisfaction has a positive impact on trust and trust has a positive impact on behavioral intention. On the other hand, it showed that trust have a partially mediating effect in the relations between customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. But, it showed that product quality, aesthetics, overall interior, purchase quality, and convenience did not have a positive impact on customer satisfaction. Conclusions - Chicken restaurant consumers put more priority on friendly and good services of chicken restaurant staff in service encounter and delivery order, rather than on reasonable price and discount systems. Thereby, chicken restaurant marketers need to take factors like service encounter quality, cleanliness into more consideration.

본 연구는 운전자가 자율주행자동차로부터 신뢰감을 형성할 수 있는 인터페이스 디자인 구성요소의 추출에 그 목적이 있 다. 또한 추출된 디자인 구성요소의 지각이 밀레니엄 세대와 뉴 실버 세대 간의 차이를 평가하였다. 자율주행자동차의 신뢰 감을 2차 구성개념으로 정의하여 심성모형과 전문가/전문지식, 공통목적, 교육, 의인화, 피드백, 인과관계 정보, 그리고 에러 정보를 포함하는 8개의 1차 구성개념을 추출하였다. 이해타당도를 평가하기 위하여 설문조사 데이터(N=548)에 대한 확인적 요인분석을 수행하였다. 평가결과, 심성모형과 전문지식, 공통목적, 의인화, 피드백, 인과관계/에러 정보를 포함하는 6개의 1차 구성개념은 2차 구성개념인 신뢰감을 설명할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 다중집단분석 결과, 뉴 실버세대에게는 의인화와 인과관계/에러정보가 밀레니엄 세대와 비교하여 신뢰감 형성에 보다 큰 기여를 하는 것으로 평가되었다. 이와는 반면에, 밀레니엄 세대에게는 심성모형과 전문지식, 공통목적, 그리고 피드백이 신뢰감 형성에 보다 높은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

Purpose - Smartphone shopping malls provide customers with a variety of tangible and intangible services including web sites, web design, use convenience, information for products and shopping and various after services. Accordingly, it is needed to expand and classify service qualities based on the various services provided by smartphone shopping malls, and then analyze path structures of smartphone shopping malls' qualities → customer satisfaction → behavioral intention. The purpose of this study is to categorize the qualities of smartphone shopping mall users based on the e-SERVQUAL by Lee(2002) and the SERVQUAL by Parasuraman et al.(1988, 2005), the smartphone shopping malls' service qualities based on service quality of smartphone shopping malls used in the previous use studies, and the Website quality factors of service industry and to analyze path structure of smartphone shopping mall's qualities → customer satisfaction → behavioral intention on college students in order to confirm the system of smartphone shopping malls' qualities. Research design, data, and methodology - This study's survey was carried out on the college students of university located in northeastern of Seoul. It was from December 7 - 15, 2017, and a total of 240 questionnaires were distributed, with 228 collected. Of them, effective questionnaires used in the final study were a total of 201 except 27 that couldn't be used. In this study, empirical analysis was done with factor analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, simple multiple regression analysis and moderating regression analysis by using Statistics Package SPSS18.0. Results - The study results are as follows: First, smartphone shopping malls' qualities were classified into six categories like customer system quality, Web design quality, convenience quality, information-offering quality, service quality, and product quality. Second, it showed that system quality, Web design quality, and information-offering quality had a positive impact on customer satisfaction, respectively. Third, it suggested that quality factors of smartphone shopping mall users had a positive impact on customer satisfaction in the order of quality, information-offering quality, system quality and Web design quality. Finally, it showed that customer service quality, product quality, and convenience quality did not have a positive impact on customer satisfaction. In addition, it said that customer satisfaction of smartphone shopping mall users had a positive impact on behavioral intention and thereby, the higher the customer satisfaction was, the higher the relations between reuse intention and recommendation intention were. Meanwhile, moderating regression analysis showed that trust did not have moderating effect in the relations between customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. The above study revealed that smartphone shopping malls' qualities were classified into six categories and it was possible to generalize after empirical analysis was made in the path structure. Conclusions - Smartphone shopping mall users consider usefulness of obtaining shopping information and quality on quick and abundant shopping information more important than access environment of smartphone shopping malls and kind services of smartphone shopping mall managers. Thereby, smartphone shopping mall marketers need to take service qualities like system quality and information-offering quality into more consideration.

The study tests the Fama and French three-factor model by using the newly created Islamic equity style indices. Based on a dataset from May 2006 to April 2011, the three-factor model is tested based on returns of Islamic unit trust funds using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) methodology. The sample period is also divided between periods before and after the Global Financial Crisis in August 2008 to test for robustness, and the Bai and Perron (2003) multiple structural break test was used to determine the structural break in the series. The analysis shows that the Fama and French model is valid for Islamic unit trust funds before and after the collapse of Lehman Brothers. The result further indicates the reversal of size effect. As for trading strategies, value funds outperform growth funds by annualized 3.13 percent for the full period. During pre-crisis period, value funds perform better than growth funds while in post-crisis, size factor yields better return than other strategies. As policy suggestion, fund managers need to be aware of the reversal of size effect, and they need to ensure a more transparent stock selection process so that investors can make an informed decision in their asset allocation.

Despite being located faraway from one another, North Korean leader Kim Il Sung and Zimbabwean leader Robert Mugabe formed an unlikely friendship during the late 1970s and 1980s. As guerilla fighters-turned postcolonial leaders, these two autocrats developed close emotional bonds built around admiration, fear, and trust. Using archival sources from the United Kingdom’s National Archives, North Korean press reports, and journalistic accounts, this article emphasizes emotions as a window into examining this Afro-Asian alliance. From wanting to emulate North Korea’s land reform program to sending a group of librarians and academics to the communist state to learn from Pyongyang’s educational system, Mugabe’s government admired the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) as a model of socialist development during the 1980s. Fearing instability at home, Mugabe also sought North Korea military assistance to squash his political rivals. Finally, Mugabe trusted Pyongyang as a “war-time friend” that had always been there for his African state. Thus, Zimbabwe continues to align itself in the post-Cold War era with North Korea while much of the world cuts off ties with the increasingly isolated state.

It often happens that after someone purchases a specific part in one parcel of land, a shared equity registration is made according to the area ratio of the specific part in the whole land, and this legal relation is called co-ownership of divided ownership. This is substantially sole ownership of the relevant party on the inside and takes the form of “co-ownership registration” on the outside, but Korean precedents solve this problem by the so-called co-title trust principle by citing the legal principle of title trust. Therefore, in the relation of co-ownership of divided ownership, each co-owner can dispose of his or her specific division part independently and freely transfer the corresponding shared equity registration. However, if a land is divided into independent parcels by specific division parts owned separately, our precedents consider that the shared equity registration of the co-owner name transferred to each remaining parcel other than the parcel corresponding to each specific division part can no longer be regarded as a registration to represent a parcel corresponding to a particular division part of the co-owner, and only the co-title trust relation between the co-owners will survive. Thus, each co-owner is in the position of a person keeping the shared equity in relation to the other co-owners with respect to the shared equity of his or her name transferred over each remaining parcel, and if he or she disposes of it, an embezzlement is established. But it is doubtful whether a shared equity can be regarded as a property of embezzlement in the “person who keeps other’s property” among constitutional elements of embezzlement. Shared equity, which is a quantitative part held by a co-owner, is an idea that can govern things, and it is problematic to regard it as a property. Therefore, even though Korean precedents acknowledge embezzlement in this case, it is reasonable to regard it as a breach of trust rather than embezzlement.

Purpose - The perception of the quality of the consumer's distributor's brand(PBs) is generally perceived to be lower than that of the manufacturer's brand(NB), although it is a critical factor in determining the success of PBs. Accordingly, this study examines the characteristics of the convenience store PB products and their correlation with brand trust and purchase intent in the consumers who have had experience purchasing the convenience store PBs to expand the sales variables. Further, this research shows that the marketing strategy is to increase the share of PBs by providing an empirical analysis on the effect of the product attribute factors on the sales volume associated with brand trust, purchase intent, and others. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey period of this study was approximately three weeks from December 1, 2017 to December 21, 2017. The study samples that were taken from 100 random people extracted. The statistical analysis was carried out with multiple regression analysis using the SPSS statistical package. Results - The analysis shows that the brand credibility and purchasing intention were statistically significant differences between the private convenience store private brand products. Specifically, brand trust showed a statistically significant relationship the brand images and quality levels, but the perceived value was not affected statistically. Although the intent of the purchase showed a statistically significant relationship the quality level and the perceived value, the brand image was not statistically significant in its relationship. Conclusions - Overall, it has been established that the perception value does not statistically affect brand trust for convenience store PB products, and that the brand image has no statistically significant effect on the purchase intent. These results are analyzed to be due to the influence of brand in convenience stores themselves rather than brand trust and purchase intentions that affect sales performance, which is the property of private brand food and beverage products, the perceived value of their products. Accordingly, the study found that not only did the marketing performance of the convenience store PB products be improved statistically, but also the cause of the product attributes that were not statistically significant was identified.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between customer trust and intention to return to the traditional market by using empirical analysis. Research design, data, and methodology – For the empirical analysis of this study, questionnaires were conducted for adults and over 20s. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to consumers with experience in traditional markets, and 163 of them were used for empirical analysis. In order to analyze the relationship between customer trust and return visit intention by consumers visiting the traditional market, variables were selected through 10 constructive concepts and revised based on previous studies. The SPSS for win 18.0 was used for data analysis. Results – In order to clarify the relationship between consumer's visit to traditional market and customer's trust, it was found that the tolerance values of both the visiting factors and the consumers' perceptions of traditional markets were higher than .01. In the relationship between visitor's visit to traditional market and customer's trust, price was positively related to customer trust at 0.1% level. Image, product quality and freshness of traditional market were 5% Positive effects were found. These results show that consumers who visit traditional markets gain customer's trust in price, image, product quality and reliability of traditional market. Conclusions – In this study, the results of this study are as follows: First, the effect of customer trust on customer satisfaction is affected by the image (emotion) consumers feel about traditional market, the trust level about the price of goods offered by the market, The confidence level of freshness, the reliability of consumers' connection with the local economy, the consumer's traditional marketplace, and the level of awareness of the service (kindness) of the variables on the independent variables. As a result of the analysis, it was found that among the influence variables of customer trust used in this study, consumers had a high level of confidence about the price of commodities offered by the market, quality of goods, and freshness, The same relationship, market environment such as hygiene or cleanliness, connection with a local economy, service (kindness) of traditional market did not affect consumers' trust in traditional markets.

본 논문은 온라인 모바일 게임이용이 자기 효능감(self-efficacy) 및 사회성(sociality), 사회적 신뢰(social trust)에 대해 갖는 효과를 검증하고자 하는 목적에서 쓰여졌다. 본 논문은 모바일 플랫폼의 등장에 따라 게임에 광범위하게 도입되고 있는 SNS적 요소(커뮤니티 운영과 소통기 능)에 주목하였고, 이러한 논리에 근거하여 게임플레이는 게임유저의 자기 효능감과 사회성, 사 회적 신뢰를 높인다는 가설을 설정하였다. 연구를 위해 전문여론조사기관에 의뢰해 전국 대표 성을 가진 샘플 1500명을 대상으로 온라인 서베이를 시행하였다. 연구 결과 온라인 게임 플레 이는 유저들의 자기 효능감을 높일 뿐만 아니라, 사회성 및 사회적 신뢰의 향상에 직·간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

This paper aims to provide an overview of customer trust toward Islamic banks, and to study the effect of trust on the selection of Islamic banks services. A total 375 questionnaires were distributed to the three groups of bank customers, i.e. Islamic banks customers, conventional banks customers, and customers of both banks (125 respondents in each group). Trust is measured based on three constructs, namely Ability, Integrity, and Benevolence. To test the hypothesis this study employs Analysis of Variance and Tukey Test. The results show that bank customers have degree of trust towards Islamic banks relatively high enough, although among the respondents had never become customers of Islamic banks. Benevolence as the dimension with the lowest average score revealed the Islamic banks are more believed as a competent and honest bank in carrying out the business than the bank that will work for the benefit of customers. Other findings suggest that degree of trust have significant affects on the decision for using the Islamic banks services. The positive values that embedded in the concepts and systems of the Islamic is the key to improving the competitiveness of Islamic banks.

This study analyzed how the brand image elements influenced upon forming the brand trust and the brand loyalty of the ‘Sky Green’ the joint agricultural product brand Cheonan, Chungnam. The brand image was classified into functional image, symbolical image and origin - associated image. And what element of the brand image element influences upon forming the brand image loyalty by the consumers who are using ‘Sky Green’. In the analysis results, the functional image, symbolical image and the image associated with the origin have influenced on forming the brand trust and the brand loyalty. All variables composing the brand image have positive influences on both brand trust and brand loyalty. It means that brand image influences on brand loyalty directly but the greater influence can be exerted through the effects of the parameter of brand trust.

본 연구의 목적은 카누 지도자의 변혁적 리더십이 지도자의 신뢰에 미치는 영향과 지도자의 신뢰가 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 검증 하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 대한카누협회에 등록된 중・고・대・일반부 남・여 선수 총 350명을 무선 표집법을 이용해 추출해 설문지를 배분하 고, 이 중 불성실한 응답 26명의 자료를 제외한 총 324명의 설문지를 유효 표본으로 했다. 연구결과를 위한 분석방법으로 빈도 분석, 신뢰도 분 석, 요인 분석, 상관 분석, 다중회귀 분석을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론이 도출되었다. 첫째, 변혁적 리더십은 행동적 신뢰, 감성적 신뢰, 인지적 신뢰에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 변혁적 리더십은 정서적 몰입, 계속적 몰입, 규범적 몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 다. 셋째, 신뢰는 정서적 몰입, 계속적 몰입, 규범적 몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

이 연구는 국내 프로야구 선수가 인지하는 팀 구성원간의 신뢰감(구단, 지도자, 동료 선수)이 팀 응집력 과정을 통해 팀 수행능력을 향상하는데 어떻게 작용하는지를 검증 하였다. 연구대상은 국내 프로야구 선수 300명이었다. 자료 분석을 위해 기술통계, 확인적 요인분석, 구조방정식 모형 분석, Phantom 변수를 이용한 매개효과의 차이 검증이 Amos Graphics 20.0 and SPSS 20을 사용하여 실시되었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째 프로 야구 팀 지도자에 대한 신뢰와 동료 선수의 신뢰가 팀 응집력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구단에 대한 신뢰는 팀 응집력에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째 프로 야구 팀 응집력이 팀 수행에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 세 번째 프로 야구 팀 응집력이 지도자·동료 선수 신뢰와 팀 수행간을 중재하는 것으로 나타났다. 네 번째 지도자 신뢰·동료 선수 신뢰와 팀 수행간 관계에서 팀 응집력 매개효과에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적인 연구 결과는 프로야구 감독, 코치, 및 선수 자신들이 서로의 신뢰감을 쌓는 것이 팀 응집력을 통해 곧 경기 결과로 이어질 수 있다는 점을 인지하고, 어떻게 신뢰감을 높일지에 대한 고민과 노력이 있어야한다고 제시하고 있다.

본 연구는 해운기업 선박조직의 특수한 환경을 고려하여 선박조직의 구성원들의 속성신뢰가 집단 구성원간의 상호호의적인 태도인 집단응집성과 조직시민행동 및 선박조직의 유효성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석해 보고자 하였다. 실증분석 결과, 속성신뢰가 집단응집성에 통계적으로 유의적인 정의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 집단응집성은 조직시민행동과 조직몰입 및 직무만족에 통계적으로 유의적인 정의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 선박조직 구성원의 속성신뢰가 조직시민행동과 조직몰입 및 직무만족에 미치는 영향에 있어서 집단응집성이 부분매개 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 선박조직의 개별 구성원 태도와 행동보다는 선박단위별로 속성신뢰, 집단응집성, 조직시민행동, 직무만족 및 조직몰입의 수준을 측정하고, 이들의 영향력 관계를 분석함으로써, 선박별 인력관리 및 인간관계 측면의 관리방안을 모색하도록 하였다.

여성가족부는 2011년 10월부터 온라인게임에 대한 셧다운제를 실시하였다. 셧다운제는 게임 과몰입을 방지하고 청소년의 수면권을 보호하는 것을 정책 목표로 내세웠지만, 셧다운제가 과연 청소년들의 게임 과몰입을 해결할 수 있는지, 정책의 실효성 있는 집행이 가능한지에 대해 많은 반론이 존재하였다. 본 연구는 게이머와 비게이머간에 셧다운제 정책 효과에 대한 인식 차이가 존재하는지, 그리고 셧다운제의 실시가 게이머와 비게이머의 정부 신뢰에 대한 인식에 어떠한 영향을 미치었는지를 살펴보도록 하였다. 설문 조사 결과, 게이머는 셧다운제에 대해 부정적으로 보고 정부신뢰가 감소되었으며, 비게이머들은 셧다운제를 긍정적으로 보고 정부신뢰가 증가되는 효과가 존재하였다. 즉 셧다운제는 비게이머들이 정책효과를 믿으면서 실시한 정책으로, 막상 정책대상자들인 게이머들은 정책 효과를 인정하지 않는 성격을 지니는 정책으로서의 특성을 지닌다.

In the Korean Criminal Act Article 355 ②, it is provided that a person who, administering another’s business, obtains pecuniary advantage or causes a third person to do so from another in violation of ones duty, thereby causing loss to such person, shall be punished by penal servitude for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding fifteen million Won. On the one hand, in Article 357 ①, it is specified that a person who, administering another’s business, receives property or obtains pecuniary advantage from a third person in response to an illegal solicitation concerning his duty, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding ten million won. Two crimes have one thing in common with reference to principal agent of each crime. But the content and range of “another’s business” in Article 355② is one thing, the “another’s business” in Article 357① is quite another. The reason is as follows. (1) while the former is property crimes, the latter is a kind of bribery crimes, (2) The crime of Article 355 ② is required a particular relevance with the contents among crime constitutions such as the protecting benefit, act, result. Thus, the content and range of “another’s business” in Article 355② must be a business appertaining to the property. But, as regards an interpretation of the “another’s business” in Article 357 ①, there is no necessity for restricting that content to a business appertaining to the property, because it doesn’t exist a particular relevance with the contents among crime constitutions in Article 357 ①.

Under article 4 section 3 of Act on the Registration of Real Estate under Actual Titleholder's Name, the Real Estate Title Trustee can transfer validly the ownership of the in-title trust-given real estate from himself to a third person. Though section 1, 2 of this article provide the title trust agreement and the transfer of a real right to real estate (based on this agreement) shall be void, this act gives section 3 superiority over section 1, 2 to protect the right of a third person.From these provisions we can know that the title trustee becomes the custodian of the title truster's real estate in relation to a third person and is able to embezzle the in-title trust-given real estate. Therefore, if the title trustee does with the in-title trust-given real estate as he pleases, he embezzles the real estate of the title truster. The vendor is paid the price in full, and the duty of the vendor is regarded as fulfilled by article 4 section 3 of this act. So the vendor is never a victim.In this case(2009Do4501) the Supreme Court judges Gap(甲) didn't embezzle the property of Eul(乙). But it is proper that title trust between Gap(甲) and Eul(乙) is considered a kind of title trust between two persons, and Gap(甲) is judged to have embezzled the property of Eul(乙).

This study has been conducted by focusing franchisor’s leadership style, franchisee’s followership, group-efficacy and their trust in order to achieve positive integration of the franchise system. The key results of empirical examination on the moderating effect of group-efficacy and trust between leadership style proposed by Path-Goal Theory and followership has been found as follows. First, franchisors should be showed their leadership style to fit their mutual business situation. Second, Franchisors and franchisees will be found many ways to increase level of franchisee’s group-efficacy. Third, Franchisors will be obtained trust from their own franchisees. These efforts will be given high level of franchisees’ trust and group-efficacy. As a result, positive integration of the franchise system will both enhance their competitiveness.

본 연구는 운동선수들이 지각하는 일반교사의 공정성이 운동선수들의 학교, 교사에 대한 신뢰와 학교생활몰입에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검정하기 위한 연구이다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 필요한 자료는 대구·경북 소재에 거주하고 있는 운동선수들을 대상으로 확률적 표집방법에 의해 무작위로 설문조사가 수행되었다. 설문지는 2007년 5월10일에서 2007년 5월 30일까지 조사를 하였으며, 각 학교를 방문하여 운동담당 선생님과 코치선생님에게 총 250부가 배포되었으며 이중 불성실하게 응답한 28부를 제외하고 최종적으로 222부의 설문지를 통해 얻어진 자료를 사용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 각 변수를 측정하고 있는 척도에 대한 타당성을 검정하기 위해 요인분석을 실시하였고, 신뢰도를 검정하기 위하여 신뢰도 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 본 연구는 가설화된 변수들 간의 관계를 검정하기 위하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 운동선수들이 지각하는 공정성이 교사의 신뢰에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 분배공정성과 상호작용공정성이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 절차공정성은 교사의 신뢰에 어떠한 영향도 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 운동선수들이 일반교사들의 처우나 행동에서 결과물에 대한 과정에는 별로 의미를 크게 두지 않는 반면 결과물에 대한 평가에는 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 사료되며, 교사와 운동선수간의 의사소통이나 교사로부터의 처우가 교사의 신뢰에 아주 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악된다. 운동선수들이 지각하는 공정성이 학교생활몰입에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과는 분배공정성, 절차공정성, 상호작용공정성 모두가 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 공정성과 신뢰와의 관계에서와는 다르게 절차공정성이 학교생활몰입에 영향을 미치는 변수로 확인되었는데, 운동선수가 학교에 학교생활몰입하기 위해서는 결과물에 대한 평가도 중요하지만 결과물에 대한 절차도 무시할 수 없는 요인인 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 운동선수들이 지각하는 교사에 대한 신뢰는 학교생활몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수로 확인되었으며, 이는 운동선수들이 교사에 대해 신뢰감을 가지면 학교나 교사에 대해서도 학교생활몰입하는 것으로 파악되어진다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합해 보면 학교생활이 일반학생들과 크게 다른 운동선수의 경우 학교생활이나 교우관계에서 일반교사들과의 교류가 타 학생들과 다르다는 점에서 운동선수 스스로가 차별이라 지각할 확률이 높으므로 일반교사들의 운동선수들에 대한 관심이 더욱더 중요한 시점이라 할 수 있겠다.

In our society, in which a great variety of risk business transaction are carried, the parties concerned require often untypical mortgage to the contraries to make such transaction easy and effective. According to this requirement, the contraries, members of corporation, should offer assets of their companies as an mortgage arbitrarily. Members, who dare to carry out risk transaction for excessively profitable business, are very likely to commit breach of corporational trust. Accordingly it comes to be very important issue, to what extent criminal law should intervene in attitude of counter partner involved in those cases. If members conducting affairs of business commit jointly breach of trust, they can be punished as accomplice each all, but it is disputable, whether counter partner without status as members can be punished as an accomplice under the same condition, namely the Act Control('Tatherrschaft' in german). Under the precondition of answering this question affirmatively, it becomes an issue to put meaning of the Act Control into shape. Related to what the Act Control means, its constituents, mainly division of execution as an objective condition, mutual connection of intention, should be analysed on after another. If counter partner without status as members can not be punished as accomplice because of lacking the necessary condition, another problem becomes to be posed, whether his conduct leave no room for being punished especially as assistance. Because he assists the principal, member of company, in a way of daily deal activity('alltaegliches Verhalten' in german), he can be probably not punished as assistance of trust breach. The decision concerned(supreme court 2005.10.8. adjudged 2005do4915 sentence) declared 'not guilty' because of lack of illegality based on social adequateness. Despite of proper conclusion, I doubt whether the restriction of the extent of assistance should be made at the second level of illegality, because the first level of elements of constitung the case("Tatbestandsmaessigkeit" in german) can restrict the extent of assistance, by means of normative restriction or objective imputation.