This study contrasted the response relationship and constraints of the Chinese phrase ‘S+給+NP1+V+NP2’ between ‘给’ and Korean ‘에 게’. Both ‘给’ and Korean ‘에게’ have something in common that they can lead to the objects of grant, communication, or benefit, but there were also certain constraints on the response relationship. In order to clarify this constraint, this study first classified semantic items according to the following nouns and trailing predicates of the phrase ‘S+給+NP1+V+NP2’ and their semantic relationships. Based on this, this paper compares Chinese ‘给’ with Korean ‘에게’ and analyzes the differences between the two. As a result of the analysis, the correspondence between the two was affected by the following constraints. First, the correspondence is established if the object ‘에 게1’ and ‘给1’ are living beings. Second, when ‘에게1’ contains [+benefit] or [+transmission] positive semantics, it is impossible to communicate with ‘给2’ to each other. Third, when both the subject of action and the posterior object are living things, there is a correspondence between ‘에게3’ and ‘给5’. However, there is a difference in the meaning of ‘给5’ and ‘에게3’ in Korean. ‘给5’ has a function that emphasizes the posterior predicate, but ‘에게3’ in Korean does not have such a function.

本稿ではCD-ROM版新潮文庫の100冊と佐賀新聞(2001年と2003年1 月～12月)から収集した資料をもとに複合格助詞にとってとに、とし てとの交替現象及びその成立条件について考察を行った。その結果、以 下のようなことが分かった。 Xにとって(は)、AはBだ文の特徵において [1] 意味上、Xの立場から想定した觀點では AはBであるという判斷が成立可能である。 [2] Xは、主に人や擬人化された組織を表すものである。 [3] B は不可能を表す表現や内的な感情․感覚を表す表現や価 値判断や評価を表す表現のような狀態性の高いものが多い。 [4] 對比的な文脈を必要とする場合が多い。

This paper aims to address grammaticalization of a defective verb takuta, focusing on its conjugated particle -taka in the construction of [noun/pronoun + case particle + taka], e.g., ultaka ‘Acc+taka,’ eytaka ‘Loc+taka,’ (u)lotaka ‘Inst+taka,’ hantheytaka ‘Dat+taka,’ eykeytaka ‘Dat+taka,’ yekitaka1 ‘here+taka,’ etc. In MK takuta regularly corresponded to Chinese characters 把/將(pha/cang) in translated forms, signifying ‘to possess,’ ‘to maintain,’ or ‘to grasp.’ The transitive verb takuta developed into an intransitive verb, an auxiliary, a particle, a connective marker, and a prefix, etc. Its meaning ‘to draw near’ emerged in process of grammaticalization from its origin. Taka in the construction of [noun/pronoun + case particle + taka] can be contracted to just ta. The deletion of -taka does not affect the grammaticality of the construction, but nullifies emphasis which a speaker intends to express. Its grammaticalization will be accounted for by the mechanisms such as analogy, reanalysis, de-categorization, generalization, subjectification, etc. Usaged-based corpus analysis shows the diachronic and synchronic trend of -taka in Korean.

이 글에서는 중국인 학습자가 이른바 ‘장소’를 나타내는 한국어 격조사 「-에」와 「-에서」를 습득하는 단계에서 나타나는 현상 중 하나인 ‘과잉일반화’ 오류를 학습자의 조사 선택 전략과 관련지어 살펴보았다. 중국인 초,중, 고급 학습자 31명을 대상으로 하였고, 빈칸 채우기 테스트, 학습자 내성과 회상 실험을 이용하여 연구를 설계하였다. 실험 결과,「-에」와「-에서」간 과잉일반화 오류의 방향에 있어서 피험자들은「-에」를「-에서」로 과잉 적용함으로써 오류를 발생시키는 것으로 나타났다. 과잉일반화 오류의 원인으로는 학습자들의 격조사 선택 전략, 즉 ‘장소를 나타내는 추상명사+-에’, ‘장소를 나타내는 구체 명사+-에서’와 같은 선행명사의 유형이 격조사 선택에 관여하는 것으로 보인다. 한편 상급 단계의 학습자들은 ‘덩이화 전략’ 외에도 ‘장소명사+-에서 + 무엇을 하다’, ‘장소명사+-에 무엇이 있다’와 같이 이른바 ‘패턴 전략’을 함께 사용하는 것으로 나타났다.