A cyclone separator is a device that separates solid particles from a fluid using centrifugal force and gravity in its inner chamber. Among cyclone separators, the separator that uses water as a working fluid is called as hydrocyclone separator, which has been developed for the purpose of dehydrating solid mixtures with a proportion of solids floating in liquids greater than 1, such as soil, coal, and cement slurry. In this paper, a hydrocyclone was designed based on the previously proposed design method, and how different the performance is from the targeted value was investigated using the computational fluid dynamics.

This research was conducted for dewatered sludge cake of industrial wastewater treatment, i.e., as the object of inorganic sludge discharged especially in iron & steel manufacturing shop which used Air drying system to reduce water content. That drying system's single-type cyclone separator was confirmed to have significantly lower separation efficiency on the conditions 20μm and below of particular size through computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis. However, we found out the primarily advanced value of separation efficiency on dual-type directly connected. Regarding separation efficiency on size of 10μm, the efficiency of a single-type was presented at 51.91%. On the other side, the efficiency of the dual-type was 97.88%. This advanced effect of the dual cyclone separator was checked at a demo facility of air drying equipment designed by 340m3/min of airflow on site.

In this study, two types of cyclone separators containing a structure of prevention underflow and a cyclone separator without the structure were analyzed by computational fluid technique. The pressure loss was increased by increasing the inlet velocity from 8m/s to 28m/s, and the velocity and pressure were compared through five cross sections in the vortex finder. Also, the velocity and the pressure contour in the central section were compared. It can be seen that the performance reduction of the cyclone separator by the prevention structure is related to the distance to the vortex finder inlet rather than the effect of the diameter of the structure.

다분야 통합 시스템의 설계문제는 다량의 설계변수와 구속조건으로 구성되며 다수의 공학적 현상으로 연관되어 있다. 다분야 통합 최적설계 문제를 효과적으로 다루기 위해서는 다양한 해석분야의 공학적 설계원리를 동시에 고려하여 균형 있고 유기적인 방법으로 최적의 설계를 결정하는 체계적인 설계자동화기술이 요구된다. 다분야 통합 설계문제를 위한 효율적인 설계방법론으로 분리기반 최적화 기법이 적용되는데 이 방법은 한 단위의 대규모 설계문제를 여러 개의 하부시스템으로 분리하여 독립적으로 최적화를 수행하고 각 하부 시스템으로부터의 설계해 사이의 중재 및 통합화를 거쳐 최종적으로 수렴된 최적설계를 찾는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 분리기반 최적화기법을 다분야 통합최적 설계문제에 적용하는데 필요한 시스템분리기법을 유전알고리즘 및 다층 역전 파 신경회로망을 이용하여 정립하였다. 시스템분리기법을 검증하기 위해 최근 미국 Boeing사에서 개발중인 고속 민간항공기인 HSCT의 시뮬레이션기반 설계문제를 이용하였다. 대규모 설계시스템의 분리결과는 전체 설계문제의 특성을 파악하기 위한 자료로 활용되며 향후, 분리기반 최적화과정에서 최종적으로 통합된 최적설계를 탐색하는데 필요한 기반구조를 제공한다.

In the fishing process on the sea eel pots, the most dangerous and difficult labor is manually separating process of several thousand pots from main line with high speed hauling operation. In this study, the automatic separating system of the pot from main line is developed. This system is composed with the clip connected to the pot by branch line, the keeper attached to the main line by pressing and the separator separating the clip and the keeper. In the experiment, static and dynamic characteristics of the system are investigated. From the considerations on the experimental results, it is ascertained that the automatic separating system of the pot from main line proposed in this study has good operating performance.

In this study, the effect on the stability of Aerobic Granular Sludge (AGS) caused by an AGS separator was investigated. The AGS separator was a hydrocyclone. The main factors of the AGS separator were filter pore size (0.125∼0.600 mm), conical-to-cylindrical ratio (1.5∼3.0), and operating time (1∼20 min). The AGS/mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) ratio gradually increased to 0.500 mm (AGS/MLSS: 84.3±3.0%). AGS was best separated at the conical-to-cylindrical ratio of 2.5 (AGS/MLSS: 84.7±3.3%). As the operating time increased, the AGS separation performance also tended to increase. The shortest AGS separator run time, but the highest AGS separation performance was 10 min (87.0±2.5%). AGS stability was evaluated by operating the selected AGS separator and sequencing batch reactor. The average removal efficiencies of TOC, TCODCr, SS, TN, and TP were 95.7%, 96.9%, 93.0%, 89.0%, and 96.2%, respectively, which met the effluent standards in Korea. In addition, the AGS/MLSS ratio tended to remain constant, and the sludge volume index demonstrated a tendency to decrease from 140 mL/g to 70 mL/g. During the operation, the particles of AGS in optical microscope observations gradually increased.

벼 품종특성을 고려한 입형분리 최적조건을 설정하기 위하여 다양한 입형 특성을 갖는 41품종의 쌀을 입형분리의 체눈 직경 3.5, 3.8 및 4.2 mm, 싸라기 수거함의 각도 5, 15, 30˚ 조건에서 싸라기 분리능을 비교시험 하였고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 싸라기 제거율은 기기적 측면에서 체눈의 직경과 깊이 및 싸라기 수거함의 각도, 품종적 측면에서 쌀알의 폭, 길이 및 천립중에 의해 주 영향을 받았다. 2. 싸라기 수거함의 각도는 지면과의 수평한 입형분리체 원통직경을 0도로 할 때 +5도와 +15사이에서 분리능이 좋았으며, +5도 이하에서는 완전미손실율 증가하고 각도가 높아질수록 완전미 손실율은 감소하나 분리된 싸라기 량도 감소되었다. 3. 기존 벼 품종에서 쌀알 기준으로 폭과 길이가 각각 2.9와 5.2 mm이상이고, 천립중이 22g 이상일 경우 4.2 mm이상, 폭이 작고 소립인 경우 3.8 mm, 그 밖의 중소립종은 3.8~4.2 mm의 체눈 직경이 적합할 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 립장이 작고, 립폭은 상대적으로 크면서 두께가 얇은 품종은 그렇지 않은 품종보다 싸라기 분리능이 떨어지는 경향이었으며, 품종에 따라 입형분리기 체눈의 직경은 크고 깊이는 얕은 체 눈 규격이 필요한 것으로 생각되었다. 5. 싸라기 비율이 상대적으로 지나치게 높을 경우에는 다소 완전미율의 소실이 있더라도 권장 체눈 크기보다 큰 쪽을 택하는 것이 싸라기 제거량을 높일 수 있었다.