This study pointed out problems on the operation by estimating process efficiency to the 3N-system(quick fermentable treatment process) which occupy plant to treat swine wastewater more than about 30 % in Jeju. And the parts to improve from problems were deduced and introduced those in situ. When the parts to improve from problems were not introduced, the Concentration of H₂S and NH₄ was 5 and 50ppm in the fermenter, respectively. But the concentration of H₂S and NH₃ was shown N.D. and 1~2 ppm in the fermenter after introduction. The concentration of H₂S and NH₃ were measured by 16 and 300 ppm highly in the aeratin tank before improvement, but those were shown N.D. and 0~1 ppm after improvement, respectively. Therefore, it showed possibility which could decrease odor efficiently with low cost by this study in 3N-system.

본 시험은 1997년 9월부터 1998년 10월까지 제주 화산회토양의 혼파초지에서 양돈 분뇨시용에 따른 목초생산 및 유해성분 축적에 미치는 효과를 규명키 위해 질소시비 수준과 양돈분뇨의 시비수준을 달리하여 분활구 배치법으로 시험이 수행되었다. 목초초장이나 건물수량은 질소시비수준 1, 150 및 300kg/ha에 따라서 통계적으로 유의적 차이를 얻었으나 양돈분뇨시용 1, 750, 1,500 및 3,000kg/ha 효과는 얻지 못했다.(중략)

The dewaterability of pig manure by heat pre-treatment was evaluated in this study. The specific resistance coefficient, a dewatering characteristic, was measured by time to filtration (TTF) test. The experimental conditions were set for heat treatment: 15, 30, 60, and 120 min at 120 ± 1oC and 16, 30, and 60 min at 135 ± 1oC, respectively. The specific resistance coefficient of pig manure was found to be 9.204 × 1011m/kg before treatment, and it gradually decreased with high temperature and long treatment time. Moisture content was decreased from 88% to 77% by heat pre-treatment, and its efficiency was better than mechanical solid-liquid separation with chemical addition. In addition to increased dewaterability, TOC (Total Organic Carbon) concentration was decreased for about 15-42%. Nitrogen concentration was also decreased due to conversion of NH4 +-N to NH3 gas by increased treatment temperature. Consequently, heat pre-treatment was effective for decreasing moisture content and organic matters, and it could have potential for nitrogen recovery.

This study was carried out to prepare for the basic data to properly treat the swine manure targeting 19 pig farms in Daejung-eup in Jeju Island. Swine breeding facility can be classified largely as scraper piggery, slurry piggery and recirculating piggery based on their types. Generation flux source unit and generated source unit for each swine breeding facility have been calculated. The average generated flux source unit for the scrapper piggery was 4.57 L/d, for the slurry piggery 3.27 L/d, and for the recirculating type 2.57 L/d. The generation source units for the scraper piggery were 37,796.3 mg/L of BOD5, 25,853.0 mg/L of CODMn, 39,843.8 mg/L of SS, 28,390.5 mg/L of T-N, and 890.1 mg/L of T-P; for the slurry piggery 45,974.2 mg/L of BOD5, 29,582.4 mg/L of CODMn, 69,190.6 mg/L of SS, 29,210.4 mg/L of T-N, and 1,370.6 mg/ L of T-P; and for the recirculating piggery 32,953.9 mg/L of BOD5, 21,698.4 mg/L of CODMn, 46,816.5 mg/L of SS, 19,464.3 mg/L of T-N, and 979.2 mg/L of T-P. In summary, the average generation flux source unit of the swine manure from 19 pig farms of Daejung-eup in Jeju Island was 3.47 L/d, and the average generation source unit of the manure was 38,908.1 mg/L of BOD5, 25,711.3 mg/L of CODMn, 51,950.3 mg/L of SS, 25,688.4 mg/L of T-N, and 1,080.0 mg/L of T-P.

가축분뇨에는 질소(N)를 비롯한 인산(P₂O₄), 칼리(K₂O) 등 3대 비료성분과 유기물, 기타 작물생육에 필요한 각종 미량물질이 다량 함유되어 있으며, 토양개량제 역할도 함께 담당하여 자원으로 활용할 경우 토양환경 개선과 자연순환 친환경농업 추진이 가능하다. 농촌진흥청 비료관리법 “비료공정규격” 중 “가축분뇨 발효액”은 최소등급만을 제시하고 있어, 공동자원화센터 및 액비유통센터를 통해 생산･유통되는 액비의 품질은 균일하지 않은 실정이다. 향후 가축분뇨의 고품질 액비를 유통하기 위한 “액비품질인증제(LFQC: Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification)” 의 구축을 위해서는 실제로 현장에서 생산․유통되고 있는 액비품질조사가 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 2013년, 국내 가축분뇨 공동자원화센터 및 액비유통센터 약 180여 개소를 대상으로 한 액비 부숙도평가를 통해 채취된 액비샘플을 조사하였다. 액비샘플은 1차적으로 액비 부숙도판정기에 의해 부숙도판정이 완료되었으며, 이때 ‘부숙’ 판정된 액비 중 46개의 액비를 선별하여 비효성분 및 이화학적 성상을 분석하고, 액비의 성분 균일도 등의 특성을 조사하였다. 액비샘플의 비효성분 등 이화학적 성상 평균은 TKN 846 mg/L, org-N 360 mg/L, NH₄-N 316 mg/L, NO₃-N 170 mg/L, P₂O₄ 439 mg/L, K₂O 3,013 mg/로 나타났으며, 중금속의 경우 As 불검출, Cd 0.02 mg/kg, Hg 불검출, Pb 0.05 mg/kg, Cr 0.22 mg/kg, Cu 7.98 mg/kg, Ni 0.44 mg/kg, Zn 23.58 mg/kg로 조사되었다.

It was compared the reduction effect of contaminants and odor according to DO change and EM (effective microorganisms) addition in maturation process of piggery slurry. The maturation processes were divided into three cases as follows: R-1 was operated at 2.5 mg/ℓ of DO without the addition of EM, R-2 was operated at 7.5 mg/ℓ of DO without the addition of EM and R-3 was operated at 2.5 mg/ℓ of DO with the addition of EM. The addition of EM was more effective than the increase of DO for the reduction of CODcr, NH3-N and T-N in the maturation of piggery slurry. In addition, the reducing effect of odor intensity appeared high even in the short-term maturation period in case of adding EM and one could not even smell the stimulating odor of piggery slurry.

The changes of contaminants and odor corresponding to anaerobic maturation process of piggery slurry were investigated by applying the additives, such as different kinds of complex microorganism products and deodorants containing microorganism activating agents. The pHs during 20-day anaerobic maturation were operated stably without great change regardless of the additives, although they were rather lower in the case that the additives were contained than the case that they were not contained. The effects of removing CODcr, NH3-N, T-N, and T-S in case that the additives were not contained, were not so great during the 20-day operation and so it would be difficult to remove the organic materials and nitrogen ingredients simply with anaerobic maturation process. However, in case of anaerobic maturation process that the additives were contained, their average removal rates were improved with the values of 49%, 63.5%, 48.5%, and 30.7% for above each of items, even if the 20-day of short-term maturation period was applied. Especially, odor intensity with the additives was lowered continuously during the operation period and it had more than two times of lowering effect compared to that without those.