In the present study, we have used an annealing-control-primer (ACP)-based differentially display RT-PCR method to identify salt-stress-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in barley leaves. Using 120 ACPs, a total of 11 up-regulated genes were identified and sequenced. Temporal expression patterns of some up-regulated DEGs in response to salt stress were further analyzed by Northern blot analysis. The possible roles of these identified genes are discussed within the context of their putative role in response to salt stress. Thus, the identification of some novel genes-such as SnRK1-type protein kinase; 17 kDa, class I, small heat shock protein; and RNase S-like protein precursor genes-may offer a new avenue for better understanding the salt stress response in plants, knowledge which might be helpful for developing future strategies.

봄보리 1.5엽기에 흰가루 병균을 접종하여 병진전에 따른 엽내전분함량변화를 측정하였다. 1.5엽기에 접종하였을 때 감수성 품종 Peruvian과 성체식물저항성 품종 Asse에서 상이한 전분축적양상을 보였다. 감염초기에서는 두 품종 모두 전분함량에 다소 변화가 있었다. 병반형성과 포자형성 동안 감수성 품종 Peruvian에서 전분함량감소가 뚜렷하였으나 Asse에서는 병반형성 동안 증가하였고 세포형성전후에 급격히 감소하였다. 감염이 심한 1.5엽에서 Peruvian은 급격한 전분감소를 보였으나 Asse는 감염강도에 관계없이 감염잎에 높은 전분함량을 유지하였다. 봄 보리의 성체식물저항성과 연관시켜 상이한 발육시기에서 흰가루병 감염된 잎의 전분축적역할을 논하였다.

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll fluorescence in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) 7 day old seedling treated with 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, and 1.0M NaCl concentration containing Hepes buffer(pH 7.5). Barley was affected by NaCl treatment. The chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. However, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley were not greatly influenced by o.8M and 1.0M NaCl. Fv, Fv/Fm and qP were gradually decreased by higher concentration of NaCl. qP, qNP, qR and qE were gradually decreased by 6hr. During barley chloroplast was development NaCl affected chlorophyll synthesis than photosynthetic activity. Whereas barley seedling leaves were more influenced photosynthetic activity than chlorophyll contents by NaCl.

The effects on photosynthesis of NaCl(0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 M) were examined in etiolated barley seedlings. Chlorophyll(Chl) a, Chl b and carotenoid contents, Chl a fluorescence and quenching coefficients of Chl fluorescence have been determined in the primary leaves of etiolated barley seedlings cultivated under low light(60 μ㏖ m-2s-1). Chl a, b, and carotenoid contents were decreased remarkably in comparison with the control at 0.4 M NaCl. However, the value of Fo and Fv were decreased at 0.6 M NaCl and the ratio of Fv/Fm were deceased at 1.0 M NaCl. Chlorophyll synthesis was seriously inhibited from 0.4 M NaCl, and the photosynthetic electron transport system was inhibited from 0.6 M NaCl. Quantum of photosystem II reaction center was inhibited at 1.0 M NaCl. The effects of NaCl on the Chl content were raised in a 6 hrs, but the effects of NaCl on the value of Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm were raised in 30 hrs. The value of qP was decreased in comparison with the control at all concentrations, but there was a small change in the value qE. These results provide evidence that NaCl inhibited effects of various concentration of NaCl were inhibited quinone redox, however, proton gradient between thylakoid membranes was little damaged.

The effects of various intensity of UV-B on barley seedling were investigated by PS I and Ⅱ activities and chlorophyll fluorescence. The inhibitory effect of UV-B radiation on electron transport activity was increased as the intensity of UV-B irradiation was increased. Especially, PS Ⅱ is more sensitive to UV-B radiation than PS I is. By the addition of artificial electron donor, DPC, to the chloroplasts of the barley seedlings treated with UV-B, the photoreduction of DCPIP was recovered by only 11% on electron transport activity. However, the activity of PS Ⅱ was inhibited by 45% by the treatment with UV-B, but recovered it only 11% by the addition of DPC. These suggest that other sites besides the oxidation site of PS Ⅱ may be affected more by UV-B irradiation. As the intensity of UV-B was increased, Fo was increased while Fv was decreased, and thus Fv/Fm was decreased. This means that photochemical efficiency was reduced. With this parameters, it might be that UV-B radiation affected adversely to around PS Ⅱ.

제망 및 적엽에 의한 망과 엽위별 엽신의 생산효율을 검토하고자 특성이 상이한 올보리, 강보리 및 수원18호를 공시하여 시험을 수행하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 천립중, 및 등숙률에 대한 망과 엽신의 역할은 품종간 차이가 인정되어 올보리와 강보리는 적엽보다 제망의 영향이 켰으나 수원18호는 엽의 역할이 더 컸다. 2. 엽신의 엽록소 및 질소함량도 품종간 차이가 있어 올보리에서 가장 높았으며 지속기간도 길었고 엽위별로는 상위엽일수록 높았다. 3. 엽위별 엽신의 질소함량보다 엽록소 함량의 차이가 더 컸으며 등숙이 진전됨에 따라 엽록소 함량의 일실속도가 질소 함량보다 빠르게 진행 되었다. 4. 동화기관별 종실중에 대한 기여도는 간과 엽초에서 79.2∼81.4%로 품종간 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나 망은 올보리와 강보리가 11.6∼13.8%, 수원18호는 5.4%, 엽신은 각각 4.8∼8.1%, 15.4%로 망과 엽신에서는 품종간 차이가 인정되었다.

보리(Hordeum vulgare)의 유묘이 14 co2 를 10분 및 30분간 처리한 후 잎을 채취하여 아미노산, 당, 인산염 및 유기산과 같은 수용성 대사물질을 분석하였다. 배양기간에 따른 label 정도는 비슷하였으나 종류와 양에 있어서는 차이가 있었다. 10분 처리시에는 아미노산 분획보다 중성분회(당, 인산염에스퇴르 및 유기산)에서 label 양이 4.5배 증가하였으나 30분 처리시에는 1.7배로 감소하였다. 당분획에 있어서는 처리 시간이 길어짐에 따라 label 양이 약간 증가 하였으나 아미노산 분획에 있어서는 양과 질적으로 label 양이 현저히 증가하였다. 탄소 동화율은 10분에서 30분으로 길어질수록 현저히 감소하였다(0.125대 0.034와 0.042 mole CO2 /mg 엽록소/분).