PURPOSES : It is well known that low temperature cracking is one of the most serious distresses on asphalt pavement, especially for northern U.S. (including Alaska), Canada and the northern part of south Korea. The risk of thermal cracking can be numerically measured by estimating thermal stress of a given asphalt mixture. This thermal stress can be computed by low temperature creep testing. Currently, in-direct tensile (IDT) mixture creep test mentioned in AASHTO specification is used for measuring low temperature creep properties of a given asphalt mixture. However, IDT requires the use of expensive testing equipment for performing the sophisticated analysis process, however, very few laboratories utilize this equipment. In this paper, a new and simple performance test (SPT) method: bending beam rheometer (BBR) mixture creep testing equipment is introduced, and the estimated experimental results were compared with those of conventional IDT tests. METHODS: Three different asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and roofing shingles were prepared in the Korea Expressway Corporation (KEC) research laboratory. Using the BBR and IDT, the low temperature creep stiffness data were measured and subsequently computed. Using a simple power-law function, the creep stiffness data were converted into relaxation modulus, and subsequently compared. Finally, thermal stress results were computed from relaxation modulus master curve using Gaussian quadrature approach with condierations of 24 Gauss number. RESULTS: In the case of the conventional asphalt mixture, similar trends were observed when the relaxation modulus and thermal stress results were compared. In the case of RAP and Shingle added mixtures, relatively different computation results were obtained. It can be estimated that different experimental surroundings and specimen sizes affected the results. CONCLUSIONS: It can be said that the BBR mixture creep test can be a more viable approach for measuring low temperature properties of asphalt mixture compared to expensive and complex IDT testing methods. However, more extensive research and analysis are required to further verify the feasibility of the BBR mixture creep test.

본 연구는 FRP-콘크리트 합성구조의 휨/전단에 대한 구조적 성능 및 거동 특성을 해석적으로 규명하고자 휨/전단 저항성능에 대해 외연적 유한요소해석을 이용하여 FRP 합성보의 휨/전단파괴거동 해석을 실시하여 기 수행한 실험과 비교분석 하고, 적용된 콘크리트손상소성모델의 각각의 인자들의 영향에 대해 매개분석하고 최적화된 안을 제시하고자 하였다. 기하학적 및 재료적 비선형성 큰 경우 유한요소해석 중 내연적 해석의 경우 수렴에 많은 문제점을 내포함으로 외연적 유한요소 접근법이 보다 합리적임을 수치해석을 통해 보였다. 본 연구의 경우 콘크리트손상소성모델의 여러 인자들에 대한 매개변수 해석을 수행한 결과, 다이레이션각의 경우는 26°, 파괴에너지 값으로 100Nm/m2, 인자 Kc의 값으로는 0.667 그리고 손상계수는 감안하는 것이 합리적이다.

Beam quality is changed about magnetic field of bending magnet. Evaluation of beam quality using PDD(Percentage Depth Dose) at 10cm depth at recommendation of AAPM(America Academy of Pain Medicine). However this evaluation shows fragmentary element. Therefore this study is applied to three value, 10cm divided by 5cm depth PDD, 20cm divided by 10cm depth PDD, 30cm divided by 20cm depth PDD, at change the magnetic field. PDD is measured at magnetic field changed ±1%, ±2% at 6MV(Mega Voltage), 10MV photon. The plan technique is 3 portal plan using Core-Plan at human pelvic phantom. Conventional and presented methods are compared at maximum and minimum dose. The presented method increased discernment of relieve the unequal distribution and energy area than conventional method. Henceforth, application of presented method will be considered. Development of energy measurement method and detector miniaturization will be needed about continuous study.

The modulus of beam is assumed to have spatial uncertainty. The formulation to determine the response variability of the cantilever beam due to randomness of modulus of beam is given. The randomness in elastic modulus is considered to be one-dimensional, homogeneous stochastic field. The stochastic field is represented by using spectral representation to reproduce random fields. The statistics of beam responses are investigated using Monte Carlo simulations for different kinds of fluctuations of the modulus. The influence of the uncertainty in the modulus on the beam displacement is addressed.

균열이 있는 보의 굽힘진동수 계산을 위한 전산프로그램을 개발해서, 실험으로 검정하고, 미소균열이 진동수에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 개발한 전산프로그램에 의한 계산치와 실험치는 비교적 잘 일치해서 미소균열이 있는 경우에도 본 프로그램의 적용이 가능하다. 2. 고정단부근에서 균열폭이 좁고 깊은 경우 실제의 굽힘진동수는 계산치와 상당히 달라질 수 있다. 3. 균열에 의한 굽힘진동수의 변화가 수 퍼센트에 불과하더라도 강도상으로는 치명적일 수 있다.

In this study, the 3 point-bending test was performed on the RC T-beam and the image processing method was used to analyze the change of curvature according to the step of loading. As the loading step progressed, the bending deformation and inflection point of curvature by shear cracks occurred. It will be possible to evaluate the detailed behavior of the RC structure by using the image processing method used in this study.

In this study, five high intelligent concrete (HIC) test specimens were fabricated by reinforcing the cement mortar with garnet, fiber (nylon and polypropylene), and shape memory alloy (SMA), to examine the effects of the numbers and positions of the reinforcements on the physical characteristic of the SMA. In improving the yield strength and structural self-rehabilitation capability, two or more hybrid fiber, PP and SMA reinforcements, as in SMA-PP, SMA-NP, SMA-2 yielded better results than SMA-1.