Despite the widespread use of polyaniline as a pseudocapacitor material, the cycling stability and rate capability of polyaniline- based electrodes are of concern because of the structural instability caused by repeated volumetric swelling and shrinking during the charge/discharge process. Herein, nanofiber-structured polyaniline was synthesized onto activated carbon textiles to ensure the long-term stability and high-rate capability of pseudocapacitors. The nanoporous structures of polyaniline nanofibers and activated textile substrate enhanced the ion and electron transfer during charge/discharge cycles. The resulting pseudocapacitor electrodes showed high gravimetric, areal, and volumetric capacitance of 769 F g− 1, 2638 mF cm− 2, and 845.9 F cm− 3, respectively; fast charge/discharge capability of 92.6% capacitance retention at 55 mA cm− 2; and good longterm stability of 97.6% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor based on polyaniline nanofibers exhibited a high energy of 21.45 Wh cm− 3 at a power density of 341.2 mW cm− 3 in an aqueous electrolyte.

본 연구는 유럽연합(EU)의 환경문제와 섬유패션산업 현황을 바탕으로 스페인의 탄소배출 절감 노력과 인디텍스 그룹의 전략을 분석하였다. 특 히 인디텍스 그룹의 사례를 통해 섬유패션산업의 탄소배출 절감 전략의 효과성을 검토하며, 섬유패션산업이 어떻게 지속 가능한 방향으로 전환 될 수 있는지의 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 석유산업에 이어 두 번 째로 큰 환경 파괴원인으로 지목되는 패스트 패션의 탄소배출 문제를 조 명한다. 연간 전 세계에서 섬유패션산업은 탄소 배출량의 약 10%를 차 지하며, 이 수치는 모든 국제선 및 해상 운송의 배출량을 합친 것보다도 더 크다. 특히 패스트 패션의 생산과 유통 과정에서 발생하는 탄소배출 은 그 크기가 막대하여 지속가능성에 큰 위협을 미치고 있다. 즉, 패스트 패션의 탄소배출 문제를 해결하기 위한 전략적 접근 방식을 제시하며, 섬유패션산업의 지속가능성 향상을 위한 핵심 요소를 도출하고자 한다.

Carbon fibers (CFs) are considered promising composite materials for various applications. However, the high cost of CFs (as much as $26 per kg) limits their practical use in the automobile and energy industries. In this study, we developed a continuous stabilization process for manufacturing low-cost CFs. We employed a textile-grade polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber as a low-cost precursor and UV irradiation technique to shorten the thermal stabilization time. We confirmed that UV irradiation on the textile-grade PAN fibers could lower the initial thermal stabilization temperature and also lead to a higher reaction. These resulted in a shorter overall stabilization time and enhancement of the tensile properties of textilegrade PAN-based CFs. Our study found that only 70 min of stabilization time with UV irradiation was required to prepare textile-grade PAN-based low-cost CFs with a tensile strength of 2.37 ± 0.22GPa and tensile modulus of 249 ± 5 GPa.

Hierarchically porous carbon materials with high nitrogen functionalities are extensively studied as highperformance supercapacitor electrode materials. In this study, nitrogen-doped porous carbon textile (N-PCT) with hierarchical pore structures is prepared as an electrode material for supercapacitors from a waste cotton T-shirt (WCT). Porous carbon textile (PCT) is first prepared from WCT by two-step heat treatment of stabilization and carbonization. The PCT is then nitrogendoped with urea at various concentrations. The obtained N-PCT is found to have multi-modal pore structures with a high specific surface area of 1,299 m2 g−1 and large total pore volume of 1.01 cm3 g−1. The N-PCT-based electrode shows excellent electrochemical performance in a 3-electrode system, such as a specific capacitance of 235 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, excellent cycling stability of 100 % at 5 A g−1 after 1,000 cycles, and a power density of 2,500 W kg−1 at an energy density of 3.593 Wh kg−1. Thus, the prepared N-PCT can be used as an electrode material for supercapacitors.

경량화 설계 및 자유로운 성형이 가능하고 유사연성의 장점을 가지는 직물보강 콘크리트는 철근콘크리트의 대체재로 큰 기대를 모으고 있다. 본 연구에서는 탄소 직물을 보강한 콘크리트 복합체 (TRC) 패널의 휨 특성을 살펴보고, 탄소 직물의 배치 위치 변수에 따른 차이를 살펴보기 위해 TRC 시험체를 제작하고 4점 재하 휨실험을 수행하였다. 또한, 일반 철근콘크리트 개념을 바탕으로 시험체의 휨 거동을 수치계산 결과와 실험결과를 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 콘크리트 매트릭스에서 탄소 직물간 의 부착파괴로 인해 TRC 패널의 큰 휨강도 감소와 내하력 감소가 나타났고, 탄소 직물을 시험체 하부로 편심 배치한 경우 휨 성능의 감소를 다소 줄일 수 있었다. TRC 패널의 수치계산 결과, 초기 거동에서는 휨실험 결과와 유사한 거동을 나타내었지만, 두 번째 균열의 발생 이후부터는 부착파괴의 발생으로 거동의 큰 차이를 나타내었다.

Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared from cost effective commercial textiles through stabilization, carbonization, and subsequently activation by carbon dioxide. ACFs were characterized for surface area and pore size distribution by physical adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K. ACFs were also examined for various surface characteristics by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and CHNO elemental analyzer. The prepared ACFs exhibited good surface textural properties with well developed micro porous structure. With improvement in physical strength, the commercial textile grade acrylic precursor based ACFs developed in this study may have great utility as cost effective adsorbents in environmental remediation applications.