해양환경의 위험유해물질 배출규제는 주로 선박이나 해양시설 등으로부터의 오염규제에 한정되어 있기 때문에, 해안 인접 산업 시설들의 위험유해물질 배출 허용기준 및 배출 지침 수립 등의 해양배출제도의 수립 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해양산업시 설의 위험유해물질 배출 허용기준 및 배출 지침 정보를 자세히 제공하고 있는 미국 환경보호청(US EPA)의 자료를 중심으로 허용기준 및 배출 지침 수립 등 배출 제도 체계를 소개하고 향후 국내 배출지침 적용에 대해 고찰했다.

본 연구에서는 천연 생리활성물질인 에코사펜타엔산을 다량 함유한 흑해삼의 항산화 효과를 조사하여 기능성 화장품 원료로서의 우수성을 제시하였다. 세포내 산화질소(NO) 생성 억제 효과에 대 해 해삼 추출물의 활성산소 제거능을 평가하였다. 해삼의 생리활성물질은 활성산소를 제거하는 항산화 효과가 있으며, 평가 결과 우수한 NO 생성이 억제됨을 확인하였다. 연구에 따르면 생리활성 물질은 낮 은 농도에서도 높은 항산화 효능을 보여 항산화 효과, 면역 및 염증 반응 조절에 관여하는 것으로 나타 났습니다. 해삼의 항산화 제거능은 해삼 추출물의 EPA(eicosapent aenoic acid)를 함유하는 페놀 성분의 항산화 효능에 크게 기여하는 것으로 생각된다. 해삼의 항산화 성분이 작용한다는 보고와 유사한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 해삼 추출물에 다량 함유된 에이코사펜타엔산(EPA) 성분이 염증 활성 억제 효과에 관여 하는 것으로 입증돼 상처 치유에도 탁월하다. 본 연구의 결과, 해삼 추출물에 함유된 페놀 성분의 효과 가 항산화 활성과 밀접한 인과관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

본 연구는 감성분석기법이 디자인 평가에 적극 적용되어지면서 발생할 수 있는 감성평가모형의 사용상의 오 류를 최소화 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 제품, 실내 공간, 가로경관 디자인 분야별로 축약형 모형의 어휘 추출을 위해 선행연구에서 발췌한 어휘로 1차적인 어휘정제작업을 수행하였다. 세 분야에서 공통적으로 사용되는 어휘 19개가 나타났는데 신뢰도 분석 결과, 분야별로 신뢰도에 좋지 않은 영향을 끼치는 어휘들이 각각 다르게 나타 났다. 축약형 모형인 EPA모형과 추론형 모형인 PAD모형의 신뢰도 분석을 통한 어휘 적합성을 검토하였다. 결과, 세 분야에서 축약형 모형이 추론형 모형보다 신뢰도가 높게 나타났지만, 계수의 차이가 크지 않았다. 또한 신뢰도에 좋지 않은 영향을 끼치는 어휘들을 삭제하고 신뢰도 분석 한 결과 계수의 차이가 확연히 높은 신뢰도가 나 타났다. 따라서 감성평가 시에는 평가대상에 적합한 어휘 선정 과정이 필요하고, 적합한 모형을 사용하는 것이 감성평가의 객관성을 높이는 방법으로 사료된다. 추후 환경 평가에 적합한 감성평가모형의 분석이 신뢰도 검증 외에 다양한 통계기법에 의해 분석되어져야 한다.

We investigate the changes of fatty acids in blood for an evaluation of the effects of soft and enteric coated capsules containing omega 3 fatty acids. Fish oil, which contained 62.87 g/100 g of sum of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), was used as nutracueticals for omega 3 fatty acids. Lipid releasing amount in soft capsule was 70% in stomach condition. However, there was 10% of releasing amount of lipid observed in enteric coated capsule in stomach condition. In intestinal condition, 50% of lipid releasing amount in enteric coated capsule showed until 6 hr, but soft capsule until 90 min. EPA and DHA contents in soft capsule administration showed higher level than those in enteric coated capsule until 8 hr. However, the administration of enteric coated capsule showed higher level of EPA and DHA in blood after 8 hr. After 24 hr, mono-, poly-unsaturated and saturated fatty acids contents with enteric coated capsule showed higher level than those with soft capsule. The enteric coated capsule containing omega 3 fatty acids was expected to sustain omega 3 fatty acids.

It was tested the possibility that EPA and DHA could be separated from fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester(FAEE) in the supercritical carbon dioxide rectification method. Experiments were carried out in the 1800mm tall and temperature gradient packed rectification column at the pressure of 100bar and carbon dioxide flow rate of 52.43NL/min. Experimental results showed that this method was useful to separate the FAEE by the relative volatility of the components. The maximum attainable concentration of EPA, DHA and both of them in product were 41%, 43% and 57% respectively in this rectification column using raw fish oil feed.

Separation of EPA and DHA from fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester (FAFE) by urea adductive crystallization method was carried out in the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) as a solvent. Our results showed that SC CO2 is a good candidate as a solvent in the urea adductive crystallization to separate FAFE by the number of unsaturated bonds. Compared to the separation process using methanol. SC CO2 yielded better performance in the overall selectivity of EPA and DHA. The effect of process variables on separation of EPA and DHA was discussed in detailed. A hybrid technology of SC CO2 fractionation and urea adductive crystallization with SC CO2 was conformed as a viable process to separate and concentrate EPA and DHA from fish oil.

This project has been worked out for isolation of EPA-producing bacteria from marine source of sea water, sea sediment and intestinal contents eviscerated from some red-muscle fish such as mackerel, horse-mackerel and spike fish. The samples were precultured on the media of PPES-II glucose broth and then pure-cultured on Nutrient agar and P-Y-M glucose. Lipids extracted from those bacterial mass collected by centrifugation were analysed in terms of lipid class and fatty acid composition. The results are resumed as follows : 1. 112 strains from sea water and 76 strains from sea sediment were tested for their EPA producing capability, but both strains of (SA-67 and SA-91) from the former and four strains(SS-35, 37, 51 and 71) from the latter have been proved to produce EPA above the level of 2% of total fatty acids. The strains such as GS-11, 29, 31, HM-9, 29, B-18, 33, 107, YL-129, 156, 203, 77, 104 and 256 which were isolated from fish intestinal contents, have also produced EPA at higher level than 2% of total fatty acids. 2. Contents of total lipids extracted from the cultures of these strains grown at 25℃, range from 2.8% to 6.9% (on dry weight %), and they are mainly composed of polar lipids(40.9~52.9%) such as phosphatidyl glycerol(+cardiolipin)(?) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (33.8~40.0%), with smaller amount of free fatty acid (11.2~20.2%). 3. EPA was isolated from a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters obtained from the lipid of each strain by HPLC in silver-ion mode and was identified by GC-Mass spectrometry. 4. The strains of SW-91, GS-11, GS-29, HM-9, B-18 and YL-203 grown at 25℃ have a level of 5% EPA in their total fatty acids, and the GS-11 and HM-9 strains show a tendency of increase in the EPA level with an increase of growth temperature.

To investigate the influence of saturated fats, α-linolenic acid, EPA and DHA on the lipid hydroperoxide concentration and fatty acid composition in liver microsomes and in plasma lipid of rabbits, the animals were fed on the perilla oil rich α-linolenic acid or sardine oil rich EPA and DHA diet for four weeks Were examined. The fatty acid composition of plasma lipid and liver microsomes of rabbits fed on the perilla oil diet was an accumulation of arachidonic acid(AA) 20:4 n-6, eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) 20:5 n-3, and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) 22:6 n-3, The fatty acid composition of plasma lipid and liver microsomes of rabbits fed on the sardine oil was an accumulation of α-linolenic acid(LNA) 18:3 n-3, and arachidonic acid(AA) 20:4. The p/s ratio of rabbits fed on the perilla oil diet changed from 7.4 to 2.27 for plasma lipid and 2.47 for liver microsomes. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxide was 3.48 nmol MDA/ml and 4.35 nmol MDA/ml for plasma lipid and liver microsomes, respectively, in perilla oil diet. The lipid hydroperoxide liver was 4.22 nmol MDA/ml and 67 nmol MDA/ml for plasma lipid and liver microsornes in sardine oil diet.