The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of equation being used to estimate the total digestible nutrients (TDN) of whole crop rice silage (WCRS) in sheep. To compare the observed and estimated TDN contents [estimated TDN content=87.57-(0.737×ADF)], two varieties of WCRS from Nokyang (NS) and Samgwang (SS) as forage and food source, respectively, were used as a treatment. Nine female Corriedale sheep (average body weight: 49.2±6.3 kg) were used as the experimental animals. The ewes were fed according to their nutrient requirements at the maintenance level. To check the difference between the observed and estimated TDN contents, one sample non-parametric t-test was applied. The CP, NFE and CF contents of the NS were 43.6, 74.2 and 64.2%, respectively, and that of the SS were 46.2, 58.1 and 44.9%, respectively. The observed and estimated TDN contents of the NS were 63.5 and 61.5%, where there was no significant difference. The observed and estimated TDN contents of the SS were 48.9 and 59.0%, where there was significant difference (p<0.05) This research confirmed the validity of TDN estimation equation being used for estimation of TDN of WCRS as forage source, but further research is recommended on the equation for estimating TDN contents of WCRS as food source.

As ubiquitous organisms entomopathogenic fungi may natually occur within environment including phylloplanes and soil or deposite and survive for a while after spraying a fungal suspension to control insect pest. The existence of pathogenic fungi is a threat to arthropods foraging for food and oviposition sites. The detection and avoidance of pathogens is important for host survival, longevity and ultimate fitness. Although entomopathogenic fungi are ubiquitous worldwide and act as common natural enemies of many invertebrate species, very few studies have conducted abiut the detection and avoidance of pathogenic fungi by insect pest. We have studied that an insect pest can recognize a high virulence fungi on crop surface, avoid oviposition and don’t enter the field treated their pathogen.

전라북도는 미곡 생산량 기준 전국 약 374만 여 톤 중 60만 톤을 생산하며 전국 3위에 속해 있으며 전국 대비 많은 양을 생산하고 있다. 이에 전라북도는 쌀을 포함한 식량작물을 가공하여 상품화하기 위해 전라북도 지자체에서 사업을 추진하여 노력하고 있으며 이에 판매 및 마케팅을 위한 포장 디자인의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 농업경영인 38명을 모집하여 포장 디자인 의식을 조사 분석하고 식량작물 상품 135개(한과63개, 누룽지72개) 샘플을 추출하여 군집분석을 통해 현황 분석을 실시하였다. 농업인 의식 결과 상품 개발 시 상품 및 목표 고객에 대한 관심이 높으며 포장 디자인의 필요성이 92.1%로 높았다. 최근 포장 디자인 제작은 자비 비율이 68.2%였으며, 현재 포장 디자인의 만족도(5점)는 3.32점으로 낮았고 만족하는 비율이 38.4% 수준이었다. 포장 디자인 특성의 중요도 및 만족도의 차이가 5점 기준으로 1점 이상 차이가 생기는 것으로 보아 중요성은 충분히 감지하고 있으나 현실적으로 실행하지 못하는 것으로 분석되었다. 상품 현황 분석 결과 한과 샘플은 8개의 그룹으로 분류되었고 누룽지 샘플은 12개의 그룹으로 분류되었다. 종합적으로 농업인의 포장 디자인 중요성 및 관심도는 높으나 전문가 부족, 비용 부담 등으로 애로사항을 겪고 있고 포장 디자인 현황은 대부분 종이류 및 플라스틱 비닐을 활용하고 있으며 일관성 없는 컬러로 상품 차별화가 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 디자인 원스톱 교육, 수준별 교육, 현장 교육 확대, 전문 멘토제, 그룹 스토리 미팅 등을 개선방안으로 제안하여 농업인 역량을 강화하여 의식 수준을 높이고 경쟁력 있는 식량작물 상품화 개발에 기여하고자 한다.

Genome sequencing researches for considerable numbers of crops and wild plants are being developed. Cytogenetic researches according to chromosome number and size are essential to confirm and comprehend ploidy level and genome size before genome sequencing project is actually conducted. Cytogenetic researches on six food crop plants were carried out by DAPI staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench showed 2n=2x=16, each chromosome length of 1.42㎛ to 1.77㎛, total chromosome length of 13.31㎛, and karyotypic formula of 2n=8m; Phaseolus angularis W.F. Wight, 2n=2x=22, 2.01㎛ to 3.84㎛, total 28.03㎛, 2n=9m+2sm, Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara, 2n=2x=40, 1.73㎛ to 2.76㎛, total 44.36㎛, 2n=5m+13sm+2st. Chromosome sizes of the other three species such as, Panicum miliaceum L., 2n=2x=36, total chromosome length of 30.83㎛, Sesamum indicum L., 2n=2x=26, 27.39㎛, lpomoea batatas L., 2n=2x=30, total 33.51㎛ were too small for each chromosome type to be identified and analyzed. The result of FISH analysis using 5S and 45S rDNA probe showed species-specific chromosome locations in the genome. These preliminary analyses were carried out to decide which food crop to prioritize for genome sequencing. This work was supported by the “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (No.PJ009837), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

Recent climate change has led to fluctuations in agricultural production, and as a result national food supply has become an important strategic factor in economic policy. As such, in this study, panel data was collected to analyze the effects of seven meteorological elements and using the Lagrange multipliers method, the fixed-effects model for the production of five types of food crop and the seven meteorological elements were analyzed. Results showed that the key factors effecting increases in production of rice grains were average temperature, average relative humidity and average ground surface temperature, while wheat and barley were found to have positive correlations with average temperature and average humidity. The implications of this study are as follow. First, it was confirmed that the meteorological elements have profound effects on the production of food crops. Second, when compared to existing studies, the study was not limited to one food crop but encompassed all five types, and went beyond other studies that were limited to temperature and rainfall to include various meterological elements.