In ethical consumerism, the issue of ethical attitudes not translating to ethical behaviors has been highly debated. While previous studies attribute this attitude-behavioral mismatch to the lack of education, hypocrisy, or low commitment, we propose a novel approach of applying Moral Foundation Theory (MFT) to account for the phenomenon. MFT identifies two dimensions of morality: individualizing moral foundations (INDI) which focuses on justice and harm, and binding moral foundations (BIND) which emphasizes authority and loyalty. Using responses from more than 4,000 consumers from four culturally and regionally diverse markets, we investigate the differing roles of moral foundations in response to a scenario on a sweatshop issue of a supplier whose factory is in a developing country. We use the mediator-moderator model of MFT-anticorporate attitude-boycott behavioral intention sequence to examine the differing role of INDI and BIND. Our results show that INDI and BIND are both positively related to anticorporate attitude; However, BIND is negatively related to boycott behavioral intention while INDI is positively related. That is, consumers with a strong BIND may show an attitude-behavioral mismatch although they are highly ethical.

혐오는 장소와 시간을 불문하고 존재하고 있지만 최근 우리 사회는 혐 오 시대라고 할 수 있을 만큼 타인에 대한 분노와 혐오가 사회문제로 대두되고 있다. 혐오범죄의 피해는 개인뿐 아니라 그 개인과 동일한 정체성을 공유하는 집단과 사회 전체로 확산될 수 있기에 이런 범죄 피해의 심각성으로 인해 혐오범죄를 일반범죄보다 더 무겁게 처벌할 필요가 있다. 이런 이유로 범죄의 예방을 위해서는 혐오범죄의 범죄 화와 혐오범죄법의 본질에 따라 가중처벌하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다고 생각한다. 혐오범죄법의 입법화를 위해 먼저 혐오로 인한 피 해 실태 파악이 필요하고 이에 국가 기관에서 혐오범죄통계 조사를 위한 법령 마련이 검토될 필요가 있다. 또한, 혐오범죄의 예방과 재범 을 낮추기 위해 가해자 교육프로그램 이수명령을 할 수 있는 방안을 검토하고, 새로운 유형의 혐오표현과 범죄에 대해서도 대응방안을 마 련하는 것이 필요하다.

우리나라의 생물상 52,628종의 35.4%를 차지하는 곤충 18,638종의 국명 유형을 크게 11개(색깔, 크기, 모양, 식물, 위치, 생태, 외국어, 사람이름, 고유, 생리, 긍정·부정)범주로 구분하고, 그 뜻은 무엇인지를 조사하였다. 그 중 인종차별, 장애 및 생김새의 차별, 지역 차별 등의 혐오표현이 사용된 유형 506개에 대해 심층적으로 분석하여, 해당 표현의 본 뜻과 함께 향후 사용할 만한 대체 용어를 제시하였다. 더불어 일본어 표현(일본어, 일본인 이름, 일본 지명 등)이 사용된 유형 508개에 대해 분석하여, 세부 유형을 밝히고 해당 생물종의 국명의 사용이 적절하지 않다고 판단되는 경우에 대체 용어를 제시하였다.

While Brand Love has been extensively studied, Brand Hate is still in the early stages of its theoretical development. Aiming to reduce that gap, this project has three main goals: first, conduct a thorough literature review, seeking to consolidate what has been written about the concepts of love, hate, brand love, brand hate and several supportive elements such as emotions, consumer-brand relationships, brand and anti-brand communities; second, perform and code multiple semi-structured/in-depth interviews, analyse and discuss the Portuguese costumer’s perception on the topic and link it with academia; third, build a literate crossing between Marketing and Linguistics that can be used by future studies. Supporting these objectives is the Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology. Among the findings generated by this process, seven facets were uncovered: emotions are essential to the shopping experience; there is an occasional contemporaneity between diverse elements of Active Brand Hate; Negative Past Experiences was the most cited antecedent of Brand Hate; it is possible to turn Brand Hate into neutral or positive relationships, but so is the inverse; Negative Double Jeopardy should be divided into parcels; Oppositional Brand Loyalty ought be tested as another antecedent; there are dissimilar types of Brand Hostages.

Relationship between consumers and brands has become an important issue both for managers and marketing scholars (Fournier 1998, Fournier et al 2012,Alba and Lutz 2013, Loureiro 2015). This becomes even more important when brands misbehave. This paper studies the situation in which consumers are disappointed with the brand and feel hate toward it. Building on the Triangular Theory of Hate (Stenberg 2003), a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of 349 posts written on a facebook public group, is performed. The goal of the analysis is twofold: i) understanding which are the more recurrent types of hate for consumers and its causes; ii) testing, in light of the expressing writing theory, whether writing and sharing their brand hate online is a way for consumers to vent away their feelings and hence to restore their wellbeing. Results show that consumers mainly experience burning hate that is composed by anger, disgust and devaluation and wish the brand death. Also, given the specific relationship consumers have with the brand, the catharsis effect does not take place for them.

This paper aims to examine the significance of xenophobia and hate crimes in multicultural societies. It begins with outlining the general discussions about multiculturalism, xenophobia and hate crimes. It identifies hate crimes that related to xenophobia in multicultural society and introduces hate crime laws in Australia. While Australian multicultural policy has its roots in government responses to the post‐settlement issues facing migrants, through the 1980s and 1990s policy was articulated more broadly as an element of Australia's nation building narratives. Today all Australian States and Territories have active policies and programs dealing with multiculturalism. As other multicultural societies, Australia confronts with challenges in building a multicultural society. One of them is xenophobia and hate crimes related to race, ethnic, religions. A number of common law countries have introduced legislation designed to respond to the problem of prejudice-related crime, commonly referred to as hate crime law. Whilst the heavier penalties imposed by hate crime laws are designed to denounce, and thereby deter, prejudice-related violence, it is apparent that these laws are meant to do more than punish and deter. They aim to condemn, not just criminal conduct per se, but also racism, homophobia, religious intolerance and the like. In this way Australia seek to make a broad moral claim that prejudice is wrong and to thereby reinforce pro-social values of tolerance and respect for marginalized and disadvantaged groups. This paper argues that hate crime laws are necessary in order to prevent hate crimes related to multiculturalism and suggests that Australian hate crime laws can be implied to sustain multiculturalism in Korea