본 연구에서는 FT-IR 스펙트럼데이터의 다변량 통계분석 기법을 활용하여 인도수집 옥수수 계통 및 품종으로부터 단백질 함량이 높은 옥수수를 신속하게 선발할 수 있는 선발체계를 확립함과 동시에 lysine과 tryptophan의 함량분석을 목적으로 연구를 수행하였다. 총 48시료의 인도수집 옥수수 계통 및 품종과 국내산 품종을 이용하여 종자로부터 FT-IR 스펙트럼을 조사하였으며, 무작위로 선발된 24시 료를 대상으로 총 단백질 함량을 조사하였다. 대조구로 사용한 광평옥 모계(GPO1)의 경우 단백질 함량 이 9.34 ± 0.3mg/g dw인데 비하여 H4 계통의 경우 단백질 함량이 10.26 ± 0.5mg/g dw로 48개 옥 수수 시료 중에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 특히 옥수수 H4, H6, H11, 그리고 H12 계통의 경우 총 단백질 함량이 각각 10mg/g dw 이상으로 측정되어 광평옥 모계(9.34mg/g dw)와 부계(9.36mg/g dw) 및 이 들의 F1(9.14mg/g dw)보다 총 단백질 함량이 높은 계통으로 판명되었다. Cross-validation test에서 옥수수 종자 내 총 단백질 함량예측 PLS regression model의 regression coefficient(R2) 는 0.77로 비교적 정확하게 총 단백질 함량예측이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 PLS regression model을 이용하여 단백질 함량이 높은 사일리지 옥수수 계통의 선발이 가능할 것으로 기대되며, 더 나아가 다양 한 옥수수 계통의 신속한 대사체 수준 평가가 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

A chemical, MNU-induced hulless barley mutant line designated as 'Mutant 98 (M98)' was developed from a Korean hulless waxy barley cultivar, 'Chalssalbori'. The objective of the study was to determine the genetic basis of 'M98' and the possibility of using 'M98' as breeding parent to improve lysine level. Compared to 'Chalssalbori', 'M98' had large embryo and higher lysine content in both the embryo and endosperm. Significantly different lysine content in 'M98' and the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks was observed for two years. However, the genotype by year interaction was not significant. 'M98' was higher than the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks in the percentage of lysine of total amino acid composition (0.75%). The trait of shrunken endosperm of 'M98', which was typical in the high-lysine mutants, was inherited by a single recessive gene. Based on seed morphology and lysine content of F1 seeds, 'M98' had a genetically different gene from the other high-lysine mutants for shrunken endosperm. Segregation of F2 for plump/shrunken endosperm did not fit the expected ratio of Mendelian inheritance except for only one cross combination (GSHO1784 (lys1)/M98). The amino acid analysis of F5 and F6 progenies from the cross between 'M98' and 'Chalssalbori' revealed that the attempt to increase the range of lysine content of plump lines did not go beyond the limit of the average high-lysine barley germplasm.

“Yeonganbyeo”, a new japonica rice variety (Oryza sativa L.), is a mid- maturing ecotype with high lysine content in kernels that was developed by the rice breeding team of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station (NYAES) in 2001 and released in 2002. This variety was originated from the single cross of Milyang 122/YR13616 Acp1 (in 1992/1993 winter) and was selected by means of a mixed method of bulk and pedigree breeding. The pedigree of “Yeonganbyeo” was YR15815-B-B-B-30 and designated in 1998 as “Milyang 164”. It has about 83cm in culm length with lodging tolerance. This variety is resistant to bacterial leaf blight (K1, K2, K3), stripe virus, and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. Milled rice kernels of “Yeonganbyeo” has high lysine content of 4.31% (ratio of amino acid components in total protein), a clear translucent with non-glutinous endosperm and clear in chalkness and good at eating quality by pannel test. The yield potential of “Yeonganbyeo” in milled rice is about 5.45 MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to the southern plain of Korea.

Lysine is the first essential amino acid for optimal nutrient quality in rice grain. For the narrow genetic diversities of lysine contents in rice, somaclonal variation was the source of mutation in our breeding program. Biochemical selection was conducted using 1 mM S-(2-aminoethyl) cysteine followed by two passages of 5 mM lysine plus threonine in the callus subculture medium. The lysine contents in endosperm of all progenies recovered from the biochemical selection were higher than those of their donor cultivar 'Hwayeongbyeo'. These elevated lysine levels of mutants were successfully transmitted to M4 generation. The lysine contents in endosperm varied 3.85 to 4.80% compare to their donor cultivar 'Hwayeongbyeo' was 3.85%. Three of high-lysine germplasms, Lys-l, Lys-2 and Lys-7 were selected by biochemical selection and rapid screening methods. DNA analysis showed that a new insertion of Tos 17 which mapped to rice chromosome 11 on the high-lysine mutant, Lys-2.

1. 단백질: 오페이크-2 옥수수에서 비록 적은 단백질함량이 분석되었지만 정상적인 옥수수와 오페이크-2 옥수수 사이에 있어서 유의적인 상관관계는 없었다. 2. 라이신: 라이신 함량역시 품종에 따라 다르며 오페이크-2 옥수수에 있어서의 라이신 함량은 품종간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 정상적인 옥수수와 오페이크-2 옥수수 사이에 있어서 라이신 함량간에는 유의적인 상관관계가 없었다. 3. 분리비율: 오페이크-2 옥수수는 열성단일 인자로서 대개 나타났다. 표현형에 있어서는 사용한 품종에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 오페이크-2 옥수수는 이병성이 약한 듯 하였으며 종실중이 가벼웠다. 4. 오페이크-2 인자와 후라워리-2 인자는 대립유전인자가 아니다. 5. 배우자적 불화합성과 웅성 불임이 오페이크 교배 조합에서 나타났다.