The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant components, elastase inhibition activities, and melanin synthesis rates of Korean traditional Actinidia (Actinidia arguta) fruits and leaves depending on the ethanol extraction concentrations. The total polyphenol content was the highest in the 50% ethanol extract of both fruits and leaves, with values of 634.1 mg GAE/100 g and 3,985.2 mg GAE/100 g, respectively. The total flavonoid content was the highest in the fruit 90% extract and leaf 50% extract at 191.9 mg/100 g and 2655.6 mg/100 g, respectively. The vitamin C content was the highest in the 50% extract of leaves at 2990.3 mg/100 g. Elastase inhibition was the highest at 56.9% in the leaf 50% extract at a concentration of 1,000 μg/mL. Melanin synthesis inhibition showed the highest melanin synthesis inhibitory effect among the extracts, as the leaf 50% extract showed an inhibitory rate of 65% or more. Therefore, the antioxidant components, elastase inhibition activities, and melanin synthesis inhibitory rate were better in leaves than in fruits. The leaf 50% extract was particularly the best among the extracts. Korean traditional Actinidia leaves can be considered as potential sources for new functional materials.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of superheated steam drying on physicochemical and microbial characteristics of Korean traditional actinidia (Actinidia arguta) leaves. Actinidia leaves were dried at steam temperature of 350℃ and oven temperature of 150℃ for 40-200 sec. Moisture content and water activity decreased with increasing the drying time, while color values including L, a, and b values and total color difference (ΔE) increased as drying time increased. The relationship between moisture content and water activity showed an exponential fit with high correlation vlaue (R2=0.9909). Total phenolics and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assay of dried actinidia leaves increased with increasing the drying time up to 160 sec, but dramatically decreased at drying of 200 sec. The numbers of total areobic bacteria of leaves was not detected at drying time over 120 sec and coliform of all the samples was not detected. As a results, the superheated steam was an very effective drying method of increase to the nutritional and sanitary quality of dried Korean traditional actinidia leaves.

본 연구는 열처리 온도 및 시간이 토종 다래(A. arguta) 퓨레의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 70, 80, 90℃의 온도에서 각각 1, 3, 5분간 열처리하여 pH, 당도, pulp 함량, 색도, 점도, 조직감 및 미생물 수 등의 품질특성과 비타민 C, 총 페놀, 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. pH, 당도 그리고 pulp 함량의 경우 열처리 온도가 증가하고 열처리 시간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, L, a, b값과 갈변도는 증가하는 경향으로 나타났으며, 점도와 adhesiveness 또한 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 일반세균과 곰팡이 수는 열처리 온도가 증가하고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 대장균군과 효모는 모든 조건에서 검출되지 않았다. 비타민 C와 총 페놀 함량은 온도가 증가하고 열처리 시간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고 70℃온도에서의 열처리와 모든 열처리 온도에서 1분간 열처리 시 대조구와 유사하였고 90℃에서 5분간 처리 시 크게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 항산화 활성은 비타민 C와 총 페놀 함량과 유사한 결과를 나타내었고, 따라서 다래의 항산화 활성은 비타민 C와 총 페놀이 주요한 요인으로 작용한다고 사료된다. 본 연구의 앞선 결과를 통해서 다래 퓨레를 90℃에서 5분간 열처리 시 이화학적 특성과 항산화 활성이 크게 감소하여 품질이 저하되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 본 연구 결과는 다래 퓨레의 안정성 및 상품적 가치판단에 따른 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 사료된다.