Skin color is primarily determined by the amount of melanin pigmentation in the skin. In recent years, cosmetic compositions have been developed to reduce the melanin pigmentation in the skin. Treatment of the skin with whitening agents, from the pharmacological and cosmetological views, should provide safety and efficacy without side effects. Currently used whitening agents which are mostly cause many harmful and cytotoxic effects. In view of the lack of safe whitening agents, this study has been conducted to find the stable and harmless compounds inhibiting melanogenesis. The use of light and Herbal extract for the purpose of skin whitening has been formally reported. So, this study is to investigate the effects of LED irradiation and Bletillae rhizoma (Br) extract on tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis in B16F0 melanoma cells. Melanin biosynthesis was induced by α-MSH. Experimental group were conducted five groups; 1) Pre-LED group (LED light irradiation, followed by 1 μM α-MSH) 2) Post-LED group (α-MSH treat, followed by LED light irradiation) 3) Pre-Br extract group (Br extract treat, followed by 1 μM α-MSH) 4) Post-Br extract group (α-MSH treat, followed by 10 μg/ml Br extract) 5) LED and Br extract group. The melanin contents, tyrosinase activity, dendrite length of cells and expression of melanogenesis-related genes under LED light irradiation and Br extract treatment were investigated. Pre-635, Post-425 nm and Post-Br extract group were significantly reduced melanin contents and tyrosinase activity compared with other group. But both for LED irradiation and Br extract group, melanin contents and tyrosinase activity were increased. However, Pre-425 nm and Post-Br extract group could reduce the melanin contents, tyrosinase activity and dendrites length of cells. In addition, the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins, including microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase (TYR) is inhibited. The Pre-425 nm and Post-Br extract group activated Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and involved in the inhibition of melanogenesis via stimulation of MITF degradation. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of Pre-425nm irradiation and Post-Br extract on melanogenesis are derived from reduced TYR expression via the downregulation of MITF signaling, as well as acceleration of ERK phosphorylation. Thus, these results suggest that Pre-425nm irradiation and Post-Br extract could prevent and treat melanin hyperpigmentation or useful in whitening agents.

본 연구는 수출 과정에서 UVA + LED처리가 절화백합의 품 질과 수명에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 저장·수송 과정별 시 뮬레이션 실험을 수행하였다. 실험재료는 오리엔탈 백합 ‘Siberia’를 사용하였으며, 이 때 절화는 습식조건으로 증류수와 상업용 절화보존제(Chrysal SVB, 1/3 tablet/L)를 처리하였다. 동시에 UVA가 혼합된 청색(448nm), 적색(634nm과 661nm) LED를 3일간 처리하였고, 봄철과 여름철 일본 수출 환경과 동 일한 조건으로 생장상의 환경을 설정하였다. 그 결과, 수송 과정 중 수확 후부터 경매단계까지는 봄철에 비해 여름철이 꽃의 크 기가 크고, 상대 생체중과 수분 흡수율은 높았다. 경매 후 상대 생체중, 수분 흡수율, 잎의 엽록소 함량 등은 봄철이 높았으며, 인공광원 처리 유무에 따른 절화 품질은 처리간 유의적 차이가 없었다. 봄철과 여름철의 절화수명은 증류수와 절화보존제 처 리구에 비해 UVA + LED를 조사한 처리구에서 연장되었다. 봄 철 절화수명은 증류수 처리 18일, 절화보존제 처리 22일, UVA + Red LED 처리 22.5일로 나타났으며 UVA + Blue LED처리가 25.3일로 다른 처리에 비해 2~7일 연장되었다. 여름철 절화수명 은 증류수와 절화보존제 처리 16일, 적색 LED 처리 18일, 청색 LED 처리가 20일로 나타났다. 결론적으로 절화수명은 청색 LED 처리에서 절화 수명 연장 효과가 확인되었다.

LEDs have been shown to be a safe, efficient, light-weight, and less-expensive alternative to heal wound. LED irradiation at the same biostimulatory wavelength of previous laser studies have similar biochemical effects The purpose of present study is to evaluate the effects of wound healing by LED irradiation. Thirty 34-day-old sprague dawley were used for present study. 1.5mm diameter defected holes were formed in both ear lobes of rat by rubber dam punch. 635nm and 890nm irradiation was performed by LED for 2 weeks, followed by histologíc examination staíned with H&E and Masson trichrome. Also, RT-PCR was carried out to find out the mRNA expression level in gingival fjbroblast irradiated by 635nm for 1 hour. In gross exarnination, wound healing was observed in irradiated group comparing to control For microscopic exarnination, repair by connective tissues was filled in defects of irradiated group, while dense cellular bands consisting of fjbroblasts and capi llaries were found at the end of defect in control By staining of masson trichrome, amount of collagens were found in irradiated group. In a result of RT-PCR, mRNA expressions of TGF- ß , MMP-1,3 and Timp-3 were down-regulated in irradiated group comparing with their expression in control group. Taken together, LED irradiation increase the prolifeation and the activity of fibroblasts and down-regualted the TGF-ß , MMP- 1,3 and Timp- 3 mRNA, followed by activation of would healing.