본 연구는 부모의 혈통정보를 모두 아는 혈통 및 고등등록우로 등록된 한우 암소 25,516두의 선형 및 외모심사형질에 대해 유전모수를 추정하였다. 각 심사형질에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되는 주요인을 선 정하여 다형질 개체모형에 적용하여 EM-REML 알고리즘 분석방법을 통해 각 형질에 대한 유전력과 유 전상관과 표현형상관을 추정하였다. 한우 암소의 17개 선형심사형질 및 10개 외모심사형질(종합점수 포 함)의 유전력 추정치의 범위는 0.03(유두배열)에서 0.42(체장)까지로 추정되었다. 체고, 체장, 강건성, 체심, 윤곽성, 정강이두께, 피모의 색, 엉덩이기울기, 고장, 좌골폭, 넓적다리의 두께, 유방용적, 유두길 이, 유두배열, 발굽기울기, 뒷다리 비절기울기, 뒤에서 본 뒷다리자세, 체적․균형, 자질․품위, 머리․목, 전구, 중구, 엉덩이, 넓적다리, 유기, 지제보양 및 종합점수의 유전력은 각각 0.4, 0.42, 0.27, 0.25, 0.06, 0.14, 0.22, 0.31, 0.19, 0.17, 0.29, 0.04, 0.07, 0.02, 0.11, 0.03, 0.16, 0.27, 0.08, 0.15, 0.14, 0.14, 0.19, 0.16, 0.05, 0.08 및 0.3으로 추정되었다. 한편, 다형질개체모형에 의해 추정된 17개 선형심사형질과 종합점수에 대한 유전상관추정 결과는 다음과 같다. 고장과 좌골폭간에 0.96의 가장 강 한 양(+)의 유전적 관계를 나타내었다. 반면 발굽기울기와 뒷다리 비절기울기간에는 -0.57의 가장 큰 음(-)의 유전상관을 보였다. 전체외모 형질인 체고, 체장, 간겅성 및 체심은 각 형질간에, 그리고 기타 형 질들과 강한 양(+)의 유전상관관계를 나타내었다. 특히 체고 및 체심과 고장 및 좌골폭간에 높은 양(+)의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 체고와 엉덩이기울기간에는 0.32의 양(+)의 상관을 나타내었다.

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for 18 linear conformation traits and overall conformation score in Holstein cattle. A total of 376,606 records for type traits were collected from 2001 to 2011 from Korea Animal Improvement Association. The model of estimation of variance components and correlations among lactations using VCE included both fixed effects (herd-year-season and stage of lactation parity-wise) and random effect (animal additive genetic). The estimated heritabilities (h2) for capacity class, such as stature, chest width, body depth, angularity, and body condition score were 0.32, 0.16, 0.27, 0.12, and 0.19, respectively. Rump angle and width from rump class also showed h2 of 0.31 and 0.17, respectively. The heritabilities in udder class were mostly low to medium; in which traits were fore udder attachment (0.13), rear udder height (0.17), udder support (0.11), udder depth (0.33), front teat placement (0.17), front teat length (0.21), and rear teat placement (0.21). For feet and legs composite class, the estimated heritabilities for rear leg set, foot angle, rear leg rear view, and locomotion were 0.12, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.03, respectively. The h2 estimated for overall conformation score was 0.16 in the study. The genetic and environmental variance components estimated from this study would be helpful to change from single lactation animal models to multiple lactation animal models in the national genetic evaluation system for the improvement of linear type traits. Moreover, The breeding values obtained using these variance components would be able to be used in the calculation of Korean type production index (KTPI), udder composite (UDC) and, feet and legs composite (FLC).

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for 10 linear conformation traits and final score in Hanwoo cows. A total of 53,277 records for type traits of Hanwoo cows were collected from 2008 to 2012 from Korea Animal Improvement Association. Ten linear traits studied were stature, body length, chest depth, body rump angle, rump length, pin bone width, udder volume, foot angle, rear legs side view, and rear legs rear view. The model included the fixed effects of herd-year-classifier, age at measurement and age after calving, the random animal additive genetic effect and residual effect. Heritability estimates for linear type traits were ranged from 0.003 for rear legs side view to 0.213 for final score. Genetic correlations among linear type traits were ranged from -0.068 (for rear legs side view and rear legs rear view) to 0.982 (for body length and rump length). The final score was found to be in a strongest genetic correlation with rear legs rear view (0.947), followed by pin bone width (0.918), body length (0.887), rump length (0.883), chest depth (0.883), udder volume (0.811), stature (0.802), rump angle (0.637), foot angle (0.519) and rear legs side view (0.176). Corresponding phenotypic correlations for pairs of linear type traits were mostly similar in direction, but smaller than the genetic correlations.