The Transgenic livestock can be useful for the production of disease-resistant animals, pigs for xenotranplantation, animal bioreactor for therapeutic recombinant proteins and disease model animals. Previously, conventional methods without using artificial nuclease-dependent DNA cleavage system were used to produce such transgenic livestock, but their efficiency is known to be low. In the last decade, the development of artificial nucleases such as zinc-finger necleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas has led to more efficient production of knock-out and knock-in transgenic livestock. However, production of knock-in livestock is poor. In mouse, genetically modified mice are produced by co-injecting a pair of knock-in vector, which is a donor DNA, with a artificial nuclease in a pronuclear fertilized egg, but not in livestock. Gene targeting efficiency has been increased with the use of artificial nucleases, but the knock-in efficiency is still low in livestock. In many research now, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) methods used after selection of cell transfected with artificial nuclease for production of transgenic livestock. In particular, it is necessary to develop a system capable of producing transgenic livestock more efficiently by co-injection of artificial nuclease and knock-in vectors into fertilized eggs.

The house fly, Musca domestica L. is a serious cosmopolitan pest in livestock production systems. Poultry farmers employ various techniques to control them but rely heavily on the use of chemicals which has the serious drawback of the target pest becoming resistant. We have selected two native natural enemies in Gyeonggi area where selected for the biological control of the house fly. Carcinops pumilio (Erichson) (Coleoptera: Histeridae), commonly found in poultry manure, is an important predator of house fly eggs and larvae. The substitute food source was developed for the mass rearing of C. pumilio. Spalangia nigroaenea (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) not only parasitized the host to produce its progeny but also killed host pupae by feeding. The parasitoid induced mortality had an effect on the parasitoid-to-host density relationships.

본 연구는 옥수수 재배지에서 경운방법과 가축분뇨의 시용이 사료용 옥수수의 생산성 및 질소의 용탈에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 국립축산과학원 초지사료과 시험포장(천안)에서 lysimeter를 이용하여 2008년 4월부터 8월까지 실시하였다. 시험구 배치는 분할구배치법으로 경운방법(경운과 무경운)을 주구로 하였으며, 가축분뇨의 종류(화학비료, 우분퇴비 및 돈분퇴비)를 세구로 하였다. 가축분뇨의 시용은 화학비료구는 표준시용량(N-)으로 200, 150 및

Although economically viable, the livestock industry is currently facing a number of challenging environmental problems and highly complex social issues, many of which are related to its size and geographically concentrated nature. Increased emphasis on e

Immatured bovine follicular oocytes added with serum, hormones, granulosa cells and bovine oviduct epithelium cells were fertilized in vitro after in vitro maturation. In vitro maturation and early development capacity were examined and IVF-derived embryos were transferred and to recipients and effects of sperm treatment on in vitro capacitation were investigated. The rate of in vitro maturation was improved when they were co-culutred with granulosa cells in the TCM199 medium added with 10% FCS and hormones. The percentage of acrosome reaction was not differed between sperm treatments and sperm of above 25% under-went AR during 30 min preincubation with caffeine and heparin. The cleavage rate of oocytes in vitro fertilized in TCM199 medium added with 10% FCS and hormones, GC or BOEG higher than that in medium with 10% FCS and GC. But the rate was not significantly different between GC and BOEG The cleavage of rate oocytes cultured in medium containing serum, hormones and BOEG was 80.2% and more embryos were developed to Blastocyst (17.3%). The selected embryos were transferred to 9 recipients by surgical or nonsurgical method but did not result in pregnancy.

환경부에서 발간한 2016 환경백서에 따르면 2016년도 말 현재 주요축종(한육우, 젖소, 돼지, 닭･오리)의 경우 10만 5천여 축산농가에서 19,190만 두의 소, 돼지 등을 사육하고 있는데, 가축사육 두수가 증가됨에 반해 축산농가는 감소하고 있어 전업화, 기업화 추세가 지속되고 있는 중이다. 주요 축종의 가축분뇨 연간 발생량은 46,988천 톤이며, 가축 분뇨의 처리는 발생량 중 약 90.6%는 자원화시설에서 퇴비･액비화 하고 있으며, 8.2%는 개별시설이나 공공처리시설을 통해 정화처리하고 있다. 그러나, 가축사육두수의 증가에 따라 일부 지역에서의 지역 내 수용할 수 있는 환경용량을 넘어서는 양의 가축분뇨가 발생되면 일부 불량한 품질의 가축분뇨가 유통되어 악취 등 생활환경 문제를 야기함과 함께 살포지를 확보하지 못하고 생산된 퇴비･액비가 수요가 없어 지속적으로 쌓이게 되고 저장할 공간 및 시설부족에 따라 퇴비·액비가 강우 등에 노출되어 인근 유역에 유입됨에 따라 수질에 중대한 영향을 미치는 상태가 발생한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 가축분뇨를 고압착 필터프레스를 이용하여 고 함수율(80%내외)의 1차 탈수슬러지를 60% 내외의 저 함수율 탈수케이크로 전환하는 고효율 재탈수공정 후 진공감압 가열건조 함으로써 에너지 소비를 절감하고 Dies 형태의 성형장치를 이용한 펠렛 형태의 고체연료를 생산하는 기술을 개발하고 실증화 실험을 수행(고체연료 10ton/일 생산)하였다. 고압착 필터프레스를 이용하여 고액분리 시 가축 분뇨는 유기물 함량이 높아 난탈수성이므로 탈수율을 증가 시킬수 있는 효과적인 탈수 보조제의 종류 및 함량의 변화에 따라 나타나는 차이를 분석 해석을 실시하였다. 또한 건조 시 저온에서도 물의 증발이 원활히 이루어질 수 있도록 진공상태를 부여하고, 고압착 필터프레스로 건조 시작 지점을 점착성 단계를 지나 입자화 단계에서 진행함에 따라 건조 속도 및 건조열효율의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 건조 후 Dies 형태의 성형장치를 이용하여 펠렛 형태로 성형된 가축분뇨 고체연료가 가축분뇨 고체연료시설의 설치 등에 관한 고시의 가축분뇨 고체연료 기준에 만족하는지에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다.

Livestock Wastewater shall cause a high concentration of organic matter and nutrients such as rivers because of the lake and groundwater contamination, such as the accumulation of nutrients in the soil contained in the manure, livestock wastewater containing large amounts of organic matter that will flow to the river or appeal If eutrophication, and comfortable living environment to cause harm, such as odor and pest damage and can. Organic waste and organic waste, such as the world has a direct interest in acquiring the available resources and the development of clean energy from waste is a growing desire, is expected to contribute to the environment from waste materials industry growth by developing innovative technologies such as direct electrical energy production. In the case of livestock waste water and high concentration of organic material in addition to containing ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen for nitrification is created due to the electron acceptor is used as the fuel cell according to this has been reported to decrease the efficiency of electricity production. Therefore, to derive the electricity production efficiency due to organic concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration in order to apply a microbial fuel cell (MFC) livestock wastewater treatment process in this study, and to derive the energy production potential with livestock waste water through the study. Lab. scale Reactor fabrication and operation to try to derive the reaction factor of the optimum operating conditions in accordance with the livestock wastewater applied through the evaluation of trends and removal efficiency of organic matter and nutrients in the microbial fuel cell. In addition, from the final research results, I try to present the direction of future research for the improvement of application possibilities and microbial fuel cell power generation efficiency of microbial fuel cell in the livestock wastewater treatment facilities.

Environmental impact assessment survey reflecting farmers` opinion on the residence and production space in rural settlement area by ORD showed that more than 86% of respondents thought their reservoirs and waterways (small rivers) were getting seriously contaminated primarily by garbage and livestock manure. A typical rural settlement unit was taken to assess the impact of improper management of livestock manure in the farms on the water quality of small river flowing down along the villages where swine and dairy farms were situated in Daejook 2, 3-ri, Seolseong-myun, Icheon-gun. Nitrogen compounds such as NO3-N, NO2-N, NH3-N, and phosphorus compound HxPO4, DO, BOD5, COD, and microbial density were analyzed to evaluate water quality at five test sites designated along the water stream. Tests showed. for example, BOD5 at site 4 was average 9.2mg/l which was about 3~8 times higher than that of observation site 2 and 3, at which most livestock houses were situated. This is a clear evidence that the nutrients of livestock manure illegally discharged to small river can lead to an eutrophication of the river at downstream. A soil absorption system with aeration could be one of alternatives to treat the contaminated wastewater by livestock manure. The place at downstream, inbetween observation site 1 and 2, could be the best construction site for the treatment facility from the standpoint of the overall treatment efficiency, An enclosed composting system can also be regarded as a good alternative for treatment of the sludge which is the by-product of the soil absorption system operation.