이 논문은 현대예술과 현대 선교신학이 추구하는 ‘참’(본질)의 의미로서 개인과 사회의 아름다운 삶을 위한 미적 실천의 관점이 짙은 연구 글이다. 먼저 현대예술은 예술철학적 관점에서 개인의 삶과 공동 사회를 아름답게 만들고, 덕을 세우는 등 진정한 사랑에 기인한 예술적 추구야말로 본질적 예술미로 규정한다. 또한, 현대 선교신학은 예전 중심의 예배를 넘어 인자와 공의가 실현되는 하나님 나라 복음의 실천으 로서 삶의 예배를 강조한다. 그러나 현대 기독교의 예술선교는 상황화 관점을 견지하면서도 실용성, 방법론, 문화 상대성 중심의 타문화 선교전략을 강구하고 있다. 이는 그 출발점이 현지인을 통한 선교전략 으로 보기에는 어렵다. 이런 이유로 이 논문은 행위예술의 관점에서 문화적 정서나 다름을 초월하여 자국민의 삶에 나타나는 일상 행위와 존재 방식이 어떠할 때 선교적 의미를 드러내고, 그 기능을 수행하는지 를 연구한 것이다. 곧 ‘선교적 행위예술’(missional performance art)이란, 하나님의 본질적 미(美)를 구현하는 행위로서 그 신학적 기준은 1) 본질적 창조성, 2) 생명적 회복성, 3) 육화적 전인성, 4) 증언적 복음성, 5) 지속적 혁신성, 6) 초월적 현재성이라는 요소를 지닌다.

이 연구의 목적은 한국인과 싱가포르인의 환갑잔치에서 사용하는 비언 어적 표현을 사회적 변수(성별, 연령별)에 의한 사회언어학적 방법과 공 통점⋅차이점을 대조언어학적 방법으로 고찰하는 것이다. 먼저 상대방이 윗사람인 경우, 전체 공통점은 크게 없지만 차이점은 사회⋅문화적인 정 서가 반영된 결과로 한국인은 정중한 인사(56.2%)를, 싱가포르인은 shake hands(43.4%)을 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 성별 공 통점은 없지만 양국이 사회⋅정서적 배경이 다르므로 한국인의 남자가 정중한 인사(60.7%)를, 싱가포르인 남자는 shake hands(40.2%)를, 한국 인 여자가 정중한 인사(51.4%)를, 싱가포르인 여자는 shake hands (46.6%)를 사용해 차이를 보였다. 연령별 공통점은 한국인은 연령층이 높을수록 전형적인 ‘정중한 인사’를, 싱가포르인도 격식적인 ‘shake hands(악수)’를, 한국인과 싱가포르인의 젊은 층에서 다양한 종류의 비 언어적 표현을 사용한다는 점이다. 반면 차이점은 연령에 상관없이 한국 인은 정중한 인사(56.2%)를, 싱가포르인은 shake hands(43.4%)를 가장 많이 사용한다는 점이다.

수의사 보조원은 동물병원에서 동물에 대한 처치, 접수, 보호자 안내, 수납 업무 등을 통해 수의사를 지원하고 보조한다. 이러한 역할을 수행하기 위해서는 적극적 경청과 원활 한 의사소통 능력을 갖춰야 한다. 이것과 관련하여 조사와 분석을 통해 도출된 결과로 인 식의 함양이 필요하지만 현재 이와 관련된 선행연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 동물 병원 서비스 이용 경험이 있는 전라북도 반려인의 이용 만족도 현황과 정도를 파악하고 이에 수의사 보조원의 언어적, 비언어적 의사소통 능력이 미치는 영향의 유무를 규명하고 자 한다. 또한, 전반적인 의사소통 능력의 중요성과 영향력을 인식하는 데 목적을 둔다. 2022년 4월 30일부터 2022년 5월 29일까지 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 응답 결과 의 데이터는 빈도 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 상관 분석을 사용하여 인구통계학적 기준으로 분석 하였다. 첫째, 수의사 보조원의 언어적, 비언어적 의사소통 능력의 개념을 정리하기 위한 신뢰도 분석 결과 Cronbach’s alpha 계수는 모두 0.8 이상으로 나타나 신뢰도가 검증되 었다. 둘째, 수의사 보조원의 언어적, 비언어적 의사소통 능력이 동물병원 이용자의 만족 도에 미치는 영향의 여부와 정도를 파악하기 위해 상관분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 모두 정(+)의 상관관계로 나타났다. 하여, 본 연구는 수의사 보조원의 언어적, 비언어적 의사 소통 능력의 영향력 인식을 통해 중요성 함양하고자 하는 데 의의가 있다.

Charismatic public figures are often associated with personal magnetism, a captivating aura, and an ability to influence their counterparts. Over the last 25 years, the concept of charisma has gained considerable interest among social scientists, and its positive effects on performance have been reported in multiple research areas (Vercic & Vercic, 2011). Nevertheless, there exists scarce research on charisma in marketing and little is known about specific nonverbal behaviors that predict charisma (Heide, 2013). Additionally, for decades a substantial body of sales research has been focusing on identifying characteristics of sales personnel that predict performance (Bauer & Martin, 2009). Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify nonverbal behaviors that lead to a salesperson’s charisma in a personal selling context by posing the following research question: Which aspects of body language differentiate salespersons from each other and are such differences antecedents for perceived charisma?Charismatic public figures are often associated with personal magnetism, a captivating aura, and an ability to influence their counterparts. Over the last 25 years, the concept of charisma has gained considerable interest among social scientists, and its positive effects on performance have been reported in multiple research areas (Vercic & Vercic, 2011). Nevertheless, there exists scarce research on charisma in marketing and little is known about specific nonverbal behaviors that predict charisma (Heide, 2013). Additionally, for decades a substantial body of sales research has been focusing on identifying characteristics of sales personnel that predict performance (Bauer & Martin, 2009). Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify nonverbal behaviors that lead to a salesperson’s charisma in a personal selling context by posing the following research question: Which aspects of body language differentiate salespersons from each other and are such differences antecedents for perceived charisma?in front) should be used more frequently in a personal selling situation to increase a salesperson’s charisma. These studies represent an important first step in conceptualizing charismatic sales behaviors and provide valuable insights for further research.

Lee, Hye-min. 2015. “Talking about the Body Using the Body: Nonverbal Acts in Korean Medicine Clinics”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 23(3). 295~327. This paper attempts to explore how people communicate “using their body,” otherly put, by nonverbal acts. Through a linguistic anthropological analysis on medical encounters in Korean Medicine clinics, this paper aims to examine how participants perform nonverbal acts as communicative modalities and strategies. By extending previous scholarships that emphasized the significance of nonverbal acts, this paper argues that nonverbal acts are not mere bodily actions, but rather are meaningful acts that index communicative goals, social relationships, and participants’ identity practices. With analysis on conversational data collected through anthropological fieldwork, four salient types of nonverbal acts―eye-gaze, nodding, hand gestures, and distance adjustment― and six communicative functions―back-channel, attitude cue, frame shift, turn-taking, footing, and visual cue―are explored. Furthermore, this paper analyzes nonverbal acts as communicative strategy, which participants employ to achieve their communication goals, build a preferred social relationship, and perform positive identity practices.

Shin, Yu-Ri. 2015. “Nonverbal Discourse Strategies of Korean TV Talk Show Hosts: Focus on ‘Nodding’ and ‘Bending’”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 23(1). 115~143. As our speech builds on verbal as well as nonverbal elements, we perform discourse strategies through both of them in interaction. This study takes a closer look at the nonverbal strategies performed during talk show discourse as seen on Korean television. By taking into account the sociocultural context on which both talk show hosts and guests mutually rely in their interaction, the paper examines how this shared pool of sociocultural resources affects the discourse strategies of the hosts. This holds particularly true for Korean TV talk shows, since the social relationships, from which the discourse participants draw, is defined and reflected in the shows' semi-institutional character. Throughout the show, the host makes use of nodding and bending on an interpersonal, semantic, and structural level. In this order, such discursive functional devices serve a distinct politeness strategies and can, therefore, be determined as discursive strategies.

The purpose of this article is to show characteristics of complaints of Korean native speakers (KNs), Korean learners (primary, intermediate, and high class) of Japanese language of (KLs), and Japanese native speakers (JNs). When fourteen displeased situations happening occasionally in daily life were given to them, for their complaints about the situations, the degree of complaints and the expression behavior of complaints were investigated. Particularly the complaints by speech act were analyzed with a point of view on the use of strategy and the degree of face-threat (FT). The degree of complaints was higher in order of JNs>KLs>KNs. For the expression behavior of complaints, all of three group (KNs, KLs and JNs) tended to use speech act. For the strategy of complaints and the degree of FT, JNs tended to use strategy of lower degree of FT than that of KN. And KLs showed a tendency of interlanguage which was getting close to targeting language, using strategy of lower FT degree than that of mother language group (KNs) even at a primary class. These results give the following implications for the education of Japanese language for KLs. 1) As the most useful method to resolve the situations of complaints, JNs also use speech act, but JNs recognize the situations more seriously than KNs and their degree of complaints is higher. 2) Nevertheless, JNs are contrasted with KNs by that they would minimize the probable trouble with a person due to their complaints by selecting strategy of low FT degree.

Communication, culture and language cannot be separated from teaching the foreign language. In other words, the successful communication between different cultures required not only linguistic fluency but also cultural competence. Nonverbal expression involved deeply with the cultural dimension of language is rarely taught in language class because it has largely focused on the expression as the language form for a long time. As a result of this fact, it demands to the educational necessity of them. It is needed to be aware of the cultural nonverbal pattern for the effective communication. This study is an attempt to explore the nonverbal expression that has not been much interesting so far in the process of communicating. Therefore, it examines the pattern of the nonverbal expression, the other studies related with this, and Korean textbook represented the nonlinguistic utterance for the purpose of this study. Finally, as based on this research, this study suggests the necessity to teach the nonverbal utterance and the educational plan about them.