To mitigate carbon emissions, the government aims to transition to renewable energy sources including hydrothermal energy, specifically through wastewater heat recovery. This process involves extracting heat from wastewater or treated water. However, assessments of demand sources for local cooling and heating have predominantly focused on the proximity of nearby facilities, without conducting comprehensive demand analyses or defining explicit supply areas. This study proposes a methodology for prioritizing suitable wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for the implementation and expansion of renewable energy. The methodology is based on the gross floor area of potential wastewater heat demand surrounding WWTPs. Initially, potential supply and demand sources were identified based on the capacity of WWTPs and the gross floor area of buildings capable of utilizing wastewater heat. In the Republic of Korea, 330 WWTPs with a capacity of 5,000 m3/day or more have been recognized as demand sources for wastewater heat recovery. The provision of treated wastewater to structures located within a 500 m radius of the WWTPs for heat recovery is considered a feasible option. The potential wastewater heat demand and renewable energy cluster were identified among the surrounding buildings and complexes A total of 13 potential supplies were identified, provided that the gross floor exceeded 60,000 m². Finally, after prioritizing based on WWTPs with these conditions, the underground plant located in the downtown area was ranked as the highest priority. If further analysis of economic feasibility, CO2 reduction, and energy efficiency are conducted, this approach can be expanded and applied within the framework the Water-Energy Nexus. Wastewater heat can be utilized not only as a renewable energy source but also as a means to enhance wastewater reuse through the supply of treated wastewater.

Logistics companies are worrying about securing of differential competitiveness so as to be competitive companies in keen logistics market. The ground is how users are satisfied by sell-established service system to respond not only economic feasibility of logistics costs but also diversity and advancement of logistics needs. The competitiveness of logistics companies is also caused by customer satisfaction of service and only companies finding and satisfying customer needs continuously may be more competitive. For the competitiveness, it’s the most important to analyze demands of current and potential customers and their pursuing value properly. Therefore, this researcher grasped PSL for online logistics service users with 5-point Likert-scale and quality-level decision method that consider the weighted value based on Kano model, measured customer’s potential Demand for service through PCDI, and suggested methodology for deciding the priority of the improvement with loss function of Taguchi.

Recently, service quality must reflect several demands of customers who show rapid and various changes so as to be compared with the past. So, objective and rapid measuring methods for service quality are necessary. For them, first of all, service company must calculate their standard of service quality accurately by measuring service quality exactly. Kano classified the degree of influence that is the degree of correspondence of the quality attributes of products and services to the subjective satisfaction of customers. As a result, the types of qualities are classified as attractive, must be, one dimensional, and indifference attributes. They have been widely used quality attributes in various industrial fields up to now. However, Kano model has a limit that it ignores the characters of the next frequent numbers even though there are not much gap comparing to the most frequent number in the questionnaire answers. The limit is attributed to the character of Kano model that the most frequent number is accepted as the only quality character. Timko calculated the customer satisfaction coefficient by using Kano’s method and studied the differences in quality character by classifying the quality characteristics in a graphical way through the relationship between the satisfaction and the dissatisfaction coefficient. In this study, we used the quality level determination method of the 7-point Likert scale, which takes the weight into account, to complement the deficiencies of the existing Kano model. We also developed and applied a Potential Satisfaction Level (P) and Potential Customer Demand Improvement (PCDI) Index to present a new approach to the determination of service quality attributes. To measure the level of potential service satisfaction and to understand the degree of improvement, we collected specimens of 51 participants who has been trained in the National Strategy Business Training Program, which has been managed by government agent, and analyzed the results.1)

The objectives of this study are to develop a green tourism potential evaluation method with rural amenity and demand of citizen. The new index which was named GPD(green tourism potential degree) is designed to propose the green tourism potential of rural areas using spatial analysis of geographic information system and spatial interaction of gravity model. And in order to evaluate the green tourism potential with supply side and demand side, two indices were defined; One is green tourism demand degree(GDD) which is developed to quantify a demand side potential by the analysis of urban population and urbanization index, and the other is green tourism attraction degree(GAD) which is developed to quantify a supply side potential by the analysis of rural amenity values using AHP algorithm, based on opinion of related experts. The developed method was applied to a part of Kyounggi province, Seoul and Incheon. All the study area's GAD, GDD and GPD were assessed and the proposed green tourism potential evaluation method could be used in developing rural development plans and green tourism policies considering spatial interaction with citizen and green tourism resources.