Background: As South Korea enters an aged society, the government has emphasized the need for a soft landing of the older adults into the community after the acute and recovery periods under a national policy of “community care.” However, the institutionalization of community rehabilitation services to implement this is insufficient. Japan had already entered an aged society when the Long-Term Care Insurance System was introduced in 2000. Thus, the case of Japan’s institutionalization of the system is expected to have implications for us in supplementing a suitable system for the aged society. Objects: This study compared the institutionalization process of the Long-Term Care Insurance System in South Korea and Japan and the services currently being implemented in each country. Methods: To examine the institutionalization process and services of the system, related legal rules and regulations, government reports, and articles were reviewed. To examine the operation status of the system, statistical data provided by each country’s government were analyzed. Results: Japan recognized the importance of community rehabilitation even before the enactment of Long-Term Care Insurance. Thus, community rehabilitation services, such as homevisit rehabilitation and health facilities, were already stipulated in the law. Under such institutional legacy, Long-Term Care Insurance was able to establish a service system, which balanced welfare and health-related services, including various types of services with enhanced rehabilitation functions. In South Korea, rehabilitation policies were not much considered in the process of institutionalizing the system; thus, it was composed mainly of services focusing on care and recuperation. Conclusion: In order to realize community care, rehabilitation services need to be developed in Long-Term Care Insurance System in various forms such as home-visit services, daily services, short stay, and facility services.

연구목적은 방문재활 물리치료 도입을 위한 정책적 자료를 제시하여 방문재활 물리치료의 제도적 도입과 방문건강관리사업에서 방문물리치료의 활성화를 위한 정책적 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다. 연구방법은 전국 의료기관 51곳의 조사 자료와 가정간호 수가체계를 토대로 뇌혈관환자의 방문재활 물리치료의 비용-편익 분석을 직접비용 조사와 지불용의 접근법으로 1회 건당 물리치료의 순편익과 비용-편익 비를 산출한 후, 민감도분석을 통해 연간 사회적 순편익을 계산하여 경제적 이익을 조사하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 뇌혈관환자의 방문재활 물리치료 비용-편익 분석의 직접비용 조사에서 방문재활 물리치료 방식이 의료기관 내원방식보다 2.04배 경제적 이익이 높았고, 사회적 순편익은 19,255,406천원으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 지불용의접근법에서 1.84배 경제적 이익이 높았고, 사회적 순편익은 15,546,120천원으로 분석되어 의료기관 내원방식보다는 방문재활 물리치료방식이 더 저렴하며 경제적 이익으로 사업성에 따른 경제적인 효과가 있었다. 병원을 내원하여 물리치료를 받는 것보다 방문재활 물리치료의 도입으로 가정에서 물리치료를 받는 것이 경제적인 이익이 있는 것으로 조사되었다.

목적 : 캐나다작업수행측정(Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; COPM)이 정신과 작업치료 프로그램의 성과를 측정할 수 있는 타당한 평가도구인지 그 유용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 2010년 9월부터 2011년 10월까지 경상도, 전라도, 충청도 소재의 정신보건기관에서 재활프로그램에 참여하고 있는 정신장애인 49명을 대상으로 하였다.환자가 인식한 문제 활동은 COPM, 이에 대한 수용도는 COPM 유용성 설문지를 사용하였으며 COPM의 기준관련타당도를 조사하기 위해 정신사회적 기능-증상 평가척도(Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale; BASIS-32)와 단축형생활기술척도(Abbreviated Life Skills Profile-16; LSP-16)를 활용하였다. 결과 : COPM 평가 후 유용성에 대한 질문에 대해 49명 중 46명(94.0%)이 치료계획을 세우는데 본인이 참여하는것이 도움이 된다고 답하였고, 본인이 수행하는데 어려움이 있는 것으로 인식한 영역은 생산적 활동이 87개(38.5%)로 가장 많았고 여가(35.0%), 자기관리(26.5%) 순이었다. COPM과 LSP-16, BASIS-32의 연관성을 분석한 결과 일부 하부항목을 제외하고 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과를 토대로 COPM은 국내 정신과에서 널리 사용되고 있는 평가도구들이 제공하기 어려운 정보, 즉 환자들이 스스로 인식한 문제들을 밝히는데 유용한 도구임을 알 수 있다. 또한 국내 정신장애인은 국외 장애인과는 달리 치료 목표로 생산적인 활동에 초점을 둔다는 본 연구의 결과는 정신과 재활 서비스에서 작업치료사의역할과 직업재활 프로그램의 중요성에 대해 시사 하는바가 크다고 할 수 있다.

목적 : 노인장기요양보험제도 내에서 방문재활서비스를 효과적으로 도입하기 위한 근거자료를 마련하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구방법 : 문헌연구를 통해 한국의 방문보건사업(방문간호, 방문물리치료, 방문작업치료)의 현황 및 문제점을 파악하고, 노인장기요양보험제도의 개념과 내용의 고찰을 통해 방문재활서비스 도입을 탐색하며, 외국의 방문재활 서비스의 전반적인 현황과 국내 방문재활서비스 도입의 근거마련을 위한 관련법? 제도적인 측면 그리고, 의료전달 체계를 고찰하였다. 결과 : 현재 시행되고 있는 방문보건서비스와 노인장기요양보험제도의 중간평가에서 전문 인력에 의한 방문재활의 필요성이 부각되고 있고, 외국의 경우에는 국가적 차원에서 다양한 방문재활사업이 실시되고 있으나, 우리나라의 경우에는 법적인 근거의 미흡 등의 이유로 재활치료사의 참여가 부족함을 알 수 있었다. 결론 : 방문재활서비스제도의 효과적인 도입을 위해 노인장기요양보험제도 내에서 법∙제도적 근거를 마련하고, 각 재활전문가 단체가 유기적으로 참여하는 팀접근을 통해 다양한 재활프로그램을 개발하고 시범사업을 실시해야 할 것이다. 또한, 방문재활치료에 대한 인식을 확산시키고 방문재활 수요와 관련된 연구와 근거 중심의 치료 효과에 관한 과학적 연구도 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

최근 들어 사회가 복잡해지고 도시화, 기계화됨에 따라 각종 스트레스가 증가하고 사회병리현상도 증가했다. 또한 의학발달과 함께 질병에 대한 치유율이 높아지고 그로 인해 장애인은 증가하는 추세이다. 그러나 전통적인 지역사회의 사회통합력이 약화되면서 정신장애인들에 대한 사회적 지지는 오히려 감소하고 있다. 정신장애인들은 의료서비스를 받은 후 일차적인 증상이 없어졌다 하더라도 지역사회에서 생활할 때 많은 어려움이 따른다. 또한 지역사회에서 생활하고 있는 정신장애인은 복합적인 사회적 기능장애를 가진 상태이기 때문에 다양하고 복잡한 문제에 적응하기가 더욱 취약하다. 정신장애가 있는 사람들이 지역사회에서 최대한 신체적, 정신적, 사회적 능력과 그들의 취미, 직업, 교육 등의 잠재적 능력을 발달시켜 최대한 정상에 가까운 풍요로운 삶을 살 수 있도록 지원되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 미국 지역사회 정신보건 재활프로그램(Program of Assertive Community Treatment)과 선진국의 정신보건정책 등을 통해 정신장애인들이 지역사회에서 적응할 수 있는 정신보건서비스 구축을 위한 방안을 제시하려고 한다.

The purposes of this research were to investigate home care rehabilitation services in rural areas and to collect basic data about disabled persons necessary when for carrying out rehabilitation services. Respondents were selected from six of a total of eight townships (Myon) and one town (Eup) in the Wonju city area. Wonju is in Kangwon Province (Do). Of a total of 338 names provided by the Myon offices, 298 persons were located and included registered and non-registered persons. Conditions included stroke, spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy in addition to disabilities classified as first, second or third degree, in the case of registered cases. Respondent demographic characteristics, medical characteristics, rehabilitation service needs, willingness to receive rehabilitation service and individual opinions regarding rehabilitation services were analysed by frequency and percentage. The results were as follows: 1) Rehabilitation services received by disabled persons living at home in the rural areas surrounding Wonju city were medical rehabilitation (41.7%), diagnosis (36.5%), rehabilitation assistive devices (7.6%), social assistance (7.1%), rehabilitation counseling (3.0%), vocational rehabilitation (1.8%), educational rehabilitation (1.6%) and housekeeping services (0.5%). The majority of rehabilitation services were medical rehabilitation provided at hospitals and oriental medicine hospitals. 2) Sixty point eight percent of respondents expressed their willingness to receive home care rehabilitation services. Needs expressed were highest for medical rehabilitation (27.0%), followed by social assistance (19.4%), medical examination (12.4%), physician-generated diagnosis in the home setting (11.6%), sociopsychological rehabilitation (9.3%), vocational rehabilitation (7.6%), rehabilitation engineering (6.0%), educational rehabilitation (3.3%), and housekeeping services (3.3%). 3) Rehabilitation service needs were analyzed by severity classification: 65.8% of first degree, 62.7% of second degree and 55.6% of third degree disability classification, and 62.7% of non-registered disabled individuals responded that rehabilitation service was necessary. 4) Rehabilitation service needs were also analyzed by diagnosis: 62.6% of stroke, 85.5% of amputation, 60.0% of spinal cord injury and 52.4% of traumatic brain injury respondents answered positively that they were willing to receive rehabilitation service if it were to be provided. Rehabilitation service utilization data of disabled individuals living at home in rural areas were investigated and their rehabilitation needs analyzed. This critical information can be used when community-based rehabilitation programs for disabled persons living at home are planned for provision out of a public health center or when community-based rehabilitation welfare policy is formulated.

The welfare enhancement of discharged prisoners should be an important part in social welfare, criminal policy and correction services because it has great benefits for both discharged prisoners themselves and society. Even with these advantages, it has been relatively neglected in society and academic circles. This is caused by focusing on the programs, policies and systems related to criminals in prison. Also it is difficult to intervene their privacy because they already had their obligations for crime. Though every step of procedures for criminals as crime→ investigation→ justice→ correction→ after care for discharged prisoners has its own importance, the failure of the last stage to prevent discharged prisoners from committing crime again means that they can be fallen into vicious cycle and efforts so far have gone in vain. If the rehabilitation stage is executed scientifically and professionally, the effectiveness to prevent them from committing second offense could be high even though the prior steps were performed poorly. This study starts with the assumption that a health society can be established by helping discharged prisoners not to commit crimes again through systematic and scientific social support. So, especially it focuses on the roles of rehabilitation services and social network that help them overcome the obstacles surrounding them. Values and philosophy that should be planted in our society to promote discharged prisoners' social welfare. In addition, readjusting them to social life that can lead to enhance welfare and promise the public safety is examined based on interrelationship between prevention of second offence and rehabilitation services. Because rehabilitation agency for discharged prisoners rely on the justice department's policy, there are sufficient needs to examine and analyze the direction for rehabilitation services of government.

This study was carried out to find out general characteristics and health-related be haviors of elders aged 60 or over and factors related to their activities of daily living, and thus to contribute to their health maintenance and promotion. The subjects were 200 elders who had resided at An-Dong city and participated in this study. To collect data, the field survey was conducted from December 13 to 23, 1996 with structured questionnaires by 6 trained student interviewers. Chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis by use of SPSS/ program. The major findings were as follows; 1) In the individual characteristics of the respondents, the average age were 73.6 years old. 21.5% of the subjects were 60-69 years old, while 27.5% were 70-74 years old, 25.0% were 75-79 years old, 26.0% were 80 years old or over. 2) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the aver age 3.39 point and standard deviation 1.09. The perceptive health condition of the subjects was in the mid point range of health condition. 3) 46.6% of men and 25.8% of women practiced exercise regularly for their health maintenance and promotion. 4) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the difference by sex was not statistically significant. 5) 51.8% of men and 60.2% of women has idea for interventions to health promotion program by rehabilitation services.

Korea will soon experience a high demand for medical rehabilitation specialists, if it tries to deliver advanced health welfare service. In order to medical rehabilitation manpower policies, this study attempts to analyse, estimate and plan a long-term supply for physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. The study analysed both national and foreign statistical data of manpower supply for medical rehabilitation specialists. A structured category of questionnaire was developed to survey the opinions of regarding the supply for rehabilitation specialists in Korea. Based on the above data, the demand of and supply for each specialists were estimated for long term up to the year 2030. Based on the comparative analysis results of the future demand and supply, the author intended to develop a new supply plan for the three specialist categories. The major findings of the supply plan are as follows : First, the replied proper mean ratios of rehabilitation professionals(physiatrists : physical therapists occupational therapists) appeared 1 : 5.93 : 3.59, and there is no significant difference between interprofessionals (p>0.05). Secons, the estimated demand for rehabilitation services by interprofessionals appeared significant difference among the interprofessionals (p<0.05).