龍崗秦簡은 진(秦)의 사회와 법률을 이해하는데 중요한 출토 문헌으로 본고에서 는 제23간부터 제34간까지의 내용을 해독하고 주석을 붙였다. 이 12매의 죽간에는 금원(禁苑) 안에 들어온 짐승에 관한 규정, 불법적으로 얻은 재화에 관한 처리, 금원 및 금원을 둘러싼 공터(격리지대)에서의 사냥 및 어로(漁撈) 행위에 대한 허용 범위 와 금지 사항에 대한 기록이 담겨 있다. 본고는 龍崗秦簡 제23간부터 제34간에 대 한 기존의 연구 성과 및 적외선 카메라로 재촬영한 죽간 사진을 토대로 더욱 정확한 고석(考釋)을 진행하고자 하였으며, ‘敺’와 ‘驅’·‘每’와 ‘毒’·‘灋’와 ‘法’ 등의 한자에 대해 서 고대한자 자료에 보이는 관련 자형을 수집해 보다 상세하고 명확한 주석을 작성 하고자 하였다.

Compared with modern Chinese, the inquiry sentences of the unearthed Warring States documents occupied an important position in oral communication at that time, and their expression methods were quite distinctive. Through exhaustive corpus investigation and systematic description, four types of inquiry sentences in the excavated Warring States literature, such as specific finger questions, right and wrong questions, positive and negative questions, and choice questions, are discussed, and the special questions used in them are discussed, and the grammar of the special question sentences used in them is explained and analyzed. The study found that the interrogative sentences in the form of questions and answers in the excavated documents mainly include two types: Chujian quotation style corpus and Qinjian Zhongluling corpus. Finally, the different distribution characteristics and regional relationships of the interrogative sentences in the Chujian and Qinjian corpuses were answered.

The modern Chinese copula, 是 shì, had not yet appeared in the oracle bone period. It began to emerge in Zuozhuan (左傳 ), and appeared only when expressing the judgment of complex topics. Based on the observation as such, this paper looks into the demonstrative of 是 shì, and examines its evolution before it becomes a copula. The task takes three steps: first, usages of 是 shì are investigated throughout various time periods; second, characteristics of sentences containing 是 shì are explained according to how it is used; and last, a comparison is made of sentences containing 是 shì in excavated Chu manuscripts in order to determine their properties. What can be, in fact, explained through the analysis of Chu bamboo literature in the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) are the characteristics of the transitional sentence before the development of 是 shì into the copula. First, in the bamboo slips “Sande” from the fifth volumes of “Chu bamboo slips collected in Shanghai Museum”, the object prepositional phrase appears, indicating the transitional phase in which the 是 shì phrase in the first stage advances toward the second one. “Sande” is the literature of the late Warring States Period, and has a V writing section in which the object has been transposed and no '也' has appeared at the same time. Second, apart from the situation in which the first stage is used as a subject, the situation in which the explanation part leads to NP/N fixation can be considered through the object transposition leading to the NP/N fixation of the topic part. Last, given that “邾公華鍾 (哉(載)公眉壽 ，邾邦是保 : Tsp, NP是 V)” is an article of the Spring and Autumn Period, it is estimated that 是 shì had been initially regarded as the object, and the phrase “TNP, NP＋是＋VP/V” was gradually used as a fixture through the process of the analogy and re-analysis. However, it is critical that this view be examined more closely, and therefore, further research is also needed.

In Ron-chens of Shangbo bamboo slips, there is “A Lou (僂)”. The first word should be read as “Fu (㾈)” in Shuowen, which refers to a hunchback. The “Fu Lou (㾈僂)” is a continuous word, which also refers to a hunchback. In the second edition of Ron-chens, there is “Lou Zhe B Shu (僂者數)”, in which “Shu (數)” should be read as “Lou (塿)” which is called “Mei T Ye (塺土也)” by Xu Xuan, it is cited as “Mo Tu Ye (摩土也)” by Xu Kai, Wang Niansun is changed to “Li T Ye (歴土也)”. According to Shangbo bamboo slips, Xu Kai is right. Bamboo slips here refer to the work of flattening loose land for hunchbacks. In Two-year Law of Zhangjiashan bamboo slips, there is “C Ren (人)”. The first word should be read as “Mian (眄)”, which refers to the blindness of human eyes in the Two-year Law and the Han bamboo slips of Xuanquan. The word “Mian (眄)” in Shuowen says “Mu Pian He Ye (目偏合也)”, There is no exact example in the ancient books, and the unearthed documents can prove their faith and have evidence.

『논어』는 유가 경전 문헌 중 하나이며, 현재의 『논어』는 전래되어 온 것과 출토된 것으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 본문은 평양 정백동 364호 고분에서 출토된 거의 완전한 형태인 39조각의 『논어』를 연구 범위로 하여, 출토된 『논어』와 전래된 『논어』의 경문 상의 차이 현상을 비교하였다. 서로 다른 글자가 쓰여진 현상은 동원통용자나 동음차용자, 쓰기 중에 일어난 와자(訛字), 이체자, 서로 바꾸어 쓸 수 있는 동의사와 자구의 증감 등 여러 현상을 포함하고 있다. 『정주한묘죽간(定州漢墓竹簡) 논어』와 서로 다른 글자를 비교 한 이후에 이 두 다른 지역에서 출토된 『논어』의 수록 자형 상의 차이에 대해 논의하였다. 평양 정백동에서 출토된 죽간 『논어』와 정주 한묘 출토 죽간 『논어』는 시대적으로 비교적 가까우나, 그 글자 상에 있어 완전히 일치하지는 차이를 보이고 있어, 아마도 서로 다른 경로로 전래되었을 수도 있다는 것을 알려준다. 본문은 출토와 전래된 『논어』에서 서로 다른 글자가 발생하게 되는 여러 원인을 분석하였다. 현재, 동아시아 고등교육 교재 중, 예를 들어 한국의 한문교과서서에서도 『논어』는 중요한 교육 내용이기에 『논어』에 대한 언어문자적 연구는 세계 한자한문교육에 도움이 되리라 기대 한다.