Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are promising photocatalysts with a broad light absorption range and high catalytic activity. However, conventional synthesis methods often involve toxic chemicals, limiting their environmental applicability. In this study, we developed an eco-friendly bio-templating method to synthesize hierarchical micro/nano-structured silver (MNAg) photocatalysts that uses plant leaves, including Nelumbo nucifera (lotus leaf), Rosa sp. (rose petal), and Limonium sinuatum (statice petal), as natural templates. By modifying the leaf surfaces with citrate functional groups, AgNPs were selectively formed along the microstructures of the templates, preserving their hierarchical morphology. MNAg photocatalysts were subsequently obtained through controlled calcination, and successfully retained the microscale structure of the original template. The surface morphology, chemical composition and crystalline structure of the MNAg were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirming the successful formation of hierarchical AgNPs. The optical behavior of the MNAg, characterized with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), demonstrated broadened absorption across the visible region, which is attributed to plasmonic coupling among the densely packed AgNPs, partially interconnected along the hierarchical surface. The photocatalytic performance of the MNAg materials was evaluated for methylene blue degradation under UV-Vis illumination. The MNAg derived from lotus leaves exhibited the highest photocatalytic efficiency. This study presents a sustainable route to hierarchical Ag photocatalysts, highlighting the potential of bio-inspired nanomaterials for environmental applications.

In vivo assay of glucose detection was described using a skin tattoo film electrode (STF), and the probe was made from carbon nano tube paste modification film paper. Here in the square-wave stripping anodic working range obtained of 20-100 mgL-1 within an accumulation time of 0 seconds only in sea water electrolyte solutions of pH 7.0. The relative standard deviations of 50 mg glucose that were observed of 0.14 % (n=12), respectively, using optimum stripping accumulation of 30 sec, the low detection limit (S/N) was pegged at 15.8 mg/L. The developed results can be applied to the detect of in vivo skin sensing in real time. Which confirms the results are usable for in vitro or vivo diagnostic clinical analysis.

Pyrifluquinazon, as a quinazinalone chemical group, based on a new mode of biological activity. It is reported that mode of action is modifies insect behavior, rapidly stopping feeding such that insects starve to death. Time-release feature and mortality effect on M. persicae using different pyrifluquinazon nano type and non-nano type were compared. Pyrifluquinazon nano type was formulated with different molecular weight and density of used chitosan (CS 30000 0.1% and CS 3000 0.3%). In the CS 30,000 0.1%, the mortality was weakly occurred at early time, but steadily increased after 4days. Finally, we confirmed more than 70% mortality as a peak at 16days. In CS 3000 0.3%, the mortality showed about 70% until 18days as a effective controlled release. Also, We examine time-release feature and mortality effect on M. persicae according to the different pyrifluquinazon nano type(CS 30000 0.1% and CS 3000 0.3%) of concentrations. The CS 30000 0.1% bioassay results of different concentration were showed that the highest concentration(100ppm) was measured better mortality than other concentration at 0 day, but cannot confirm different effect about dissimilar concentration. However, increasing rates of M. persicae were low as treatment concentrate was high. In CS 3000 0.3% 100ppm concentration bioassay result, aphid mortality reached peak at 24 days and increasing rate also low. Additionally, for the comparing of bioassay and feeding behavior of M. persicae against pyrifluquinazon nano types and non-nano type, EPG technique was carried out. In case of non nano type, feeding inhibition efficacy was showed during 4 days after treatment, but appeared similar level with control after 10days. In CS 3000 0.3% 50ppm, residual efficacy was specially showed until 28days after treatment whereas treatments with CS 30000 0.1% were similar to the control after 22days. These result show that the change of feedinng behavior and motrality of M. persicae is correlated with the change of nano type or non nano type of pyrifluquinazon.

수 있는 서방형제형의 키토산캐리어화한 나노살충제 etofenprox에 대한 나 방류 해충방제효과를 확인하기 위해 두 가지 나노제형 Nano-type1(M.W.3,000, 0.3%)과 Nano-type2(M.W.30,000, 0.3%)을 파밤나방과 담배거세미나방에 처리하 여 독성정도를 확인하였다. Nano-type의 경우 코팅할 때 키토산의 분자량과 밀도에 따라 캡슐률이 틀려 지기 때문에 기주에 살포할 때 캡슐되지 않는 양을 계산하여 이 부분에 의해 나타날 독성도 비교하였다. 본 실험은 etofenprox와 Nano-type 그리고 미리 계 산된 캡슐되지 않은 양을 옆면살포하고 파밤나방과 담배거세미나방 2령 유충 을 접종하여 시간의 경과에 따른 잔효를 확인하였다. 시간이 지남에 따라 etofenprox는 파밤나방과 담배거세미나방에서 사충률이 서서히 떨어짐을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 Nano-type의 경우 초기에는 캡슐되지 않은 양에 의해 사충률을 나타내었고 시간의 경과에 따라 controlled release가 진행되어 etofenprox가 방출되어 높은 사충률을 지속적으로 유지함을 볼 수 있 었다. Nano-type1과 Nano-type2는 유사한 사충률을 나타내었는데, 이는 두 제 형의 release양상이 유사한 이유 때문인 것으로 여겨진다. 앞으로의 실험에서는 코팅시 분자량에 변화를 줘 이전과는 다른 release를 보이는 제형과 키토산이 아닌 다른 캐리어를 사용한 Nano-type을 제조하여 더 나은 친환경 살충제를 만들 수 있도록 연구해 나갈 예정이다.