The Ansan Reclaimed Wetland, reclaimed in 1986 and maintained for 38 years, underwent two wetland function assessments to develop strategies for enhancing biodiversity and conservation. The biota of the reclaimed wetland showed an increase in the number of species observed across most taxa, while the number of amphibian and reptile species decreased. Among legally protected species and specific species, Aix galericulata and Lefua costata were not observed, whereas Libellula angelina were introduced. The results were categorized into “protection or improvement” and “enhancement.” Proposed conservation measures include removing planted shrubs, maintaining waterways, and installing gabion structures and wildlife corridors.

This review discussed the properties of biological factors affecting the function of phosphorus (P) sink of wetlands, and proposed the applicability of microbes, especially periphyton in phosphorus removal. Microbes have a large potential in natural purification of water, because they have fast growth rates and outcompete macrophytes in taking up P. The degree of P uptake by microbes, especially periphyton appears largely to depend on P and light availability and their biomass. As long as there is sufficient light, periphyton can accrue biomass in the system, assuming losses from herbivory and disturbance are not too great. This large periphyton biomass can reduce P concentrations in the water column via uptake and adsorption, and thereby being able to reduce algal blooms. This idea can be applicable to ameliorate water quality by introducing constructed wetlands and shallow ponds in the incoming region of rivers or lakes. The future studies are required to accumulate data on P cycling between microbes and environmental parameters in wetlands.

습지의 훼손과 파괴에 따른 피해가 증가함에 따라 습지의 기능과 중요성을 인식하고 습지 보존과 보호를 위한 노력이 진행되고 있다. 특히, 하도습지는 인간의 생활과 밀접한 관련이 있기 때문에 적절한 관리방안이 수립될 필요가 있다. 합리적인 습지 관리방안을 마련하기 위해서는 습지가 가진 특성과 기능을 고려해야 하며, 이를 위해서는 습지가 수행하고 있는 기능을 먼저 파악할 필요가 있다. 습지 기능평가 방법 중 수리·수문/지형/생태학적 측면을 고려한 HGM(Hydrogeomorphic) 방법이 최근에 많이 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이 방법은 대상습지가 기준습지보다 기능이 우수할 경우 오히려 기능지수가 낮게 산정되는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하고, 시간이 지남에 따라 변화하는 습지의 기능을 파악하여 습지 관리방안 수립에 활용하고자 수정 HGM 방법을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 수정 수문지형학적 방법을 임진강 하도습지에 적용하여 기능평가를 수행한 결과, 임진강 하도습지는 우포늪과 거의 유사한 수준의 기능을 수행하는 것으로 평가되었으며, 이는 향후 다른 하도습지의 기능평가 수행 시 기준습지 선정에도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 보다 정확한 기능평가를 수행하기 위해서는 기초자료에 대한 중장기적인 모니터링을 통한 자료구축이 필요하며, 이와 더불어 주기적인 기능평가가 수행된다면 하도습지의 관리와 보존방안을 수립하는 데에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The pond wetlands in agricultural landscape are important natural resources that carry out the function of bio-diversity conservation. However, recently, those have been gradually embedded as their utility value were disappeared. And, the assessment methods used for pond wetlands are insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the conservation value of pond wetlands by using the modified RAM, and present the improvement of assesment methods. The study sites, a total of 32 pond of 4 types by land use, were selected on the basis of Ramsar Convention. Through the analysis of precedent studies, the weighted 8 functions were adjusted. According to the assessment results, pond wetlands made the largest contribution to Fishery and Herpetile Habitat function. In addition, it also made large contribution to Floral Diversity, Wildlife Habitat, and Water Quality Protection function. On the other hand, it made a small contribution to Aesthetics and Recreation, Runoff Attenuation, Shoreline /Stream Bank Protection, and Flood/Storm Water Storage function due to the characteristics of small-scale pond wetlands. In the assessment of 8 functions, house type showed the worst assessment result, and mountain type showed the best assessment result. It is thought that those are due to land use type in terms of vicinity. 10 items among 52 of the modified RAM showed the same assessment results in all land use types. Accordingly, it is required to be deleted and modified the assessment method. On the other hand, it is required to add age, interference, and water use to the assessment method. It is thought that these results can be utilized for the development and modification of assessment methods focused on pond wetlands in rural area.

This study was performed to assess functions of 10 man-made wetlands in Gunsan City, Jeollabuk Province by means of RAM (Rapid Assessment Method), a technique recommended by Ramsar Convention to appraise wetlands. The assessment of the wetlands value found Gunsan reservoir to have the highest function points while Bukchosan reservoir was estimated to have the lowest function among the wetlands surveyed. By detailed factors of valued 10 man-made wetland, the wetlands were found to function most favorably in terms of vegetational variety and as habitat for wild animals. They need to have more improved functions as habitats for fish and amphibians․reptiles, for preservation and betterment of water quality as well as for supplement of underground water, though. From the assessment of vegetational naturalness of the surveyed reservoirs, Gunsan reservoir turned out to be the most favorable wetland from the viewpoint of vegetation science whereas, however, Anjeong wetland was rated as the lowest in the assessment of vegetational value due to simplicity in its vegetation and lots of dangers in its neighborhood threatening its vegetation and ecology. The assessment of vegetational values for Gunsan, Gongchang, Daewi, Bukchosan, Anjeong, Geumgul, Changan and Chuksan reservoirs showed the same orextremely similar results as RAM function assessment. Geumsan reservoir only, however, featured the opposite result.