Background : Nasturtium officinale, belongs to the Brassicaceae, is a perennial plant growing in and around natural watersystem. It is commonly called watercress and commercially consumed as a salad crop in many countries. Hairy root cultures (HRCs), transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A. rhizogenes), have been noted for an experimental model system in plant metabolic engineering for the synthesis of natural products since hairy roots have fascinating properties including biochemical and genetic stability, high biosynthetic capacity for secondary metabolites and rapid growth rates. Methods and Results : The dry weights (DW) of watercress hairy roots was measured after 4-days freeze dryer. The highest weight was recorded after HRCs in SH and half-strength SH medium, followed by the levels of DW in MS and half-strength medium. However, the level of DW after HRCs in half-strength medium was lowest. SH medium is the most suitable for the growth of watercress hairy roots. Glucosinolate contents in the hairy roots varied responding to the basal media. 1/2 SH basal media resulted in the lowest value of total glucosinolate. MS basal media, however, resulted in the highest value of total glucosinolate, as well as the highest accumulation of each glucosinolate. The hairy roots cultured in 1/2 MS basal media showed the second highest value of total glucosinolate, followed by B5, SH and 1/2 B5. The accumulation of 4-Methoxyglucobrassicin and gluconasturtiin was also secondly higher in the hairy roots in 1/2 MS. In contrast, the level of 4-Hydroxyglucobrassicin and glucobrassicin were the second highest after culturing in SH and B5, respectively. Conclusion : In this study, media played a main role in growth and glucosinolate accumulation in watercress hairy roots. SH and half-strength SH media enabled the rate growth of hairy roots to be highest. In contrast, the highest accumulation of glucosinolate was recorded after HRCs in MS media. The current study suggests HRCs of watercress could be one of an effective alternative approaches for the enhanced production of glucosinolates

Background : Agastache rugosa (A.rugosa), belongs to the Labiatae family, is a perennial plant distributed in Korea, Japan, Taiwan and China. It is commonly called korean mint and commercially consumed as a medicinal plant in many countries since the crop contains monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids including rosmarinic acid, tilianin and acacetin. Achievement of hairy root cultures (HRCs) through infection of A rhizogenes is a valuable alternative approach, resulting from genetic and biochemical stability, rapid growth rates and synthesis of natural products. Methods and Results : The hairy root, obtained from the explant of A.rugosa, was cultured in the basal half-strength MS (Murashige & Skoog) medium. The dry weights (DW) of hairy roots was measured after 4-days freeze dryer. The highest levels of DW were obtained at hairy roots cultured in the basal medium supplemented with glucose, galactose and sucrose. The lowest weight was recorded after HRCs in the control, meant that the medium did not contain any carbon sources. Sucrose, glucose and galactose are the most suitable for the growth of korean mint hairy roots. the rosmarinic acid contents in the hairy roots varied responding to various carbohydrates. The basal media added with sucrose resulted in the highest value of rosmarinic acid, followed by the basal media with galactose and glucose. The control showed the lowest amount of rosmarinic acid. Conclusion : In this study, carbon source are of importance for growth and accumulation of rosmarinic acid accumulation in korean mint hairy roots. Especially, the accumulation of rosmrinic acid and hairy root growth was the most appropriate carbohydrate. The current study suggests HRCs of korean mint could provide an valuable alternative approaches for the enhanced production of rosmarinic acid.

본 연구는 polyamine이 쪽 모상근 배양에서 뿌리의 생장과 indigo 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 토양미생물인 Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1000을 이용하여 쪽 자엽으로부터 모상근을 효과적으로 유도하여 배양하였다. 2. 모상근 생장과 인디고 생합성이 polyamines(putrescine, spaermidine, spermine) 처리에 의하여 향상되었으며, 그 중 putrescine이 다른 polyamines에 비하여 효과적이었다. 3. Putrescine 70 mg/l 처리가 모상근의 생육(4.4 g/flask)과 인디고 생합성(216.3 ug/g)의 향상에 최적조건으로 조사되었다.

약용식물의 기내 (in vitro) 배양에 의한 유용물질의 생산을 위하여 대황 (Rheum undulatum L.)의 유묘 조직 절편에 Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4을 감염시켜 형질전환을 유도하였다. 형질전환된 부정 근인 모상근은 WPM 배지에서 RCM 배지의 3.4배의 성장률 증가를 나타내었으며, 지표 물질인 tannin의 생산량 또한 동일 배지에서 가장 높았다. 배지내 식물성장조절물질의 처리에 의한 모상근의 성장 및 tannin 생산촉진 효과는 식물성장조절물질을 처리하지 않은 대조구에 비해 2 mg/L IAA 처리구와 0.5 mg/L ABA 처리구에서 각기 1.7배의 성장 (0.72 g dry weight/flask)과 1.4배의 tannin (0.67 mg/g fresh weight)의 생산량 증가를 가져왔다. 배지내 탄소원인 sucrose 는 3%와 5%에서 최대성장 (0.54 g dry weight/flask)과 tannin 생산 (0.46 mg/g fresh weight)을 보였으며, chitosan의 농도는 50 mg/L 처리구에서 tannin의 생합성에 영향을 주었다.