최근 ChatGPT로 대표되는 인공지능의 급격한 발전은 인공지능 에 대한 낙관과 비관이 엇갈리는 가운데 기독교 선교가 새롭고도 실제적 인 방향을 모색해야 할 필요성을 제기했다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 행위자 -네트워크 이론을 주요 이론적 틀로 활용하여 인공지능을 단순한 도구가 아닌 인간과 상호작용하는 행위자로 인식한다. 이러한 관점에서 현재 인공지능 기술의 최전선에 있는 거대 언어 모델의 기술적 특성과 작동원리를 상세히 분석하여 인공지능이 인간과 맺는 관계에 주목한다. 이러한 이해를 토대로 인공지능과의 선교적 접점을 모색하기 위한 방안은 첫째, 인공지능을 선교 현장으로 인식하는 것, 둘째, 인간에게만 주어진 선교적 삶을 사는 것. 셋째, 인공지능을 선교사역의 협력자로 받아들이는 것, 넷째, 오픈소스 거대 언어 모델을 활용한 선교적 목적의 인공지능을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구는 인공지능 시대의 기독교 선교 가 단순히 인공지능을 도구로 활용하는 차원을 넘어, 인공지능과의 협력적 관계를 통해 새로운 선교의 지평을 열어가야 함을 제안한다. 이는 데이비드 보쉬가 주장한 것처럼, 선교는 각 시대의 변화에 따라 새로운 패러다임으로 변화되어야 한다는 관점에 기반한다.

“Zhe” in the structure of “V1 zhe V2” in the Chinese translation of Qingwen Zhiyao is a counter translation of the Manchu adverb affix “- me” “- fi” “- hai, - hei, - hoi”. There are some special uses of this structure in Chinese translation, such as the combination of the tentative state and the continuous marker “zhe”, and the non continuous verb enters the “V1 zhe V2” structure as V1. The reason is that it is influenced by Manchu. The interference characteristics of Manchu language are weakened in the adaptation of Qingwen Zhiyao. By investigating the literature of the Qing Dynasty, it is found that the usage influenced by Manchu such as “Xiang zhe qiao” and “Zhuo liang zhe” once entered Chinese in the Qing Dynasty, and disappeared in modern Chinese with the decline of Manchu. The Chinese version has traces of Southern Mandarin, and the adapted version reflects the characteristics of Beijing Mandarin. The principle of iconicity has different constraints on the word order of verb conjunction in Manchu and Chinese. The text adaptation follows the law of sentence pattern development and reflects the prescriptive direction of Chinese sentence pattern development. Language contact affects the development of relevant sentence patterns to a certain extent, but it is ultimately restricted by the law of Chinese itself.

The Hallyu (Korean Wave) boom that started with TV dramas in the 2000s expanded to various cultural areas, including food and music. As Korean culture gained popularity, Hallyu fans in Japan began to adopt Korean vocabulary like loan words. To study this phenomenon, the author collected vocabulary used by K-pop fans of native Japanese speakers and classified them by type. It was found that most of these words were currently being borrowed and used in their original Korean form; however, there were also words created by combining Korean words with Japanese words or newly coined by combining Korean words. Once Korean K-pop vocabulary becomes more established in Japan, it is expected that more words will emerge that originate from Korean but are independently created and used exclusively by Japanese speakers.

This study aims to categorize research achievements about language contact based on the papers in the Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea for the last thirty years into five sections, which include bilingualism and diglossia, pidgin and creole, various decision making under language contact situations, loan-words, and dialect contact. This study concludes by offering further research questions that need to be answered in the field of language contact. Early years of sociolinguistics has remained at a level of introducing language contact problems of Europe and Africa, Pacific and Atlantic equator region to the domestic academic circles. However, these achievements have turned out to be the foundation of research related to overseas Koreans bilingualism problem and various domestic language contact problems between Korean and foreign language. Until now, Korean sociolinguistics has mostly handled problems of bilingualism. However, since the early 21st century, the population of international marriage immigrants and foreign laborers has increased at a rapid rate, generating various language contact phenomena. Furthermore, with a recent globalization wave, many foreign languages are more widely used in Korea. In such a flow, it is evident that the Korean society will go through various language contact between Korean and foreign languages. Therefore, systematic and aggressive research on multi-culture family bilingualism, code-switching of Korean speakers, loan-words situation, and the problem of contact between standard language and dialect is needed in the Korean sociolinguistic field.

本文的目的是分析最近3年韓國5種新聞報道之基礎上，介绍韩中两国建交之后韩语里面使用的汉语借词的现状，通过将这些借词和以前的汉语借词进行比较，分析说明这些汉语借词的特征。韩中两国政府正式建立起外交关系，意味着断绝了将近一个世纪的外交关系重新开始。以韩中两国的建交为契机，两国的政治·经济·社会·文化等各领域的交流开始急速增加。随着韩中交流的扩大，大量新的汉语借词开始进入韩语当中。韩国和中国维持了超过两千年的长期的语言接触。属于不同语系的两种语言在如此长的时间内互相影响，这是在世界语言史上都很少见的独特现象。近代以前对于韩语产生影响的汉语借词大部分是通过文献，特别是以四书五经为代表的儒家经典进入韩语当中，但是韩中建交以后进入韩语里的汉语借词则在很多方面上呈现出和以前的借词不同的特征。韩国和中国虽然自古以来一直交流不断，但是像最近一样的大规模的直接交流还是前所未有的。