This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementing additional sucrose, in the form of black sugar (BS), into the diet of Holstein dairy cows on dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, and milk composition. Eight Holstein dairy cows (741 ± 65.8 kg body weight) were divided into two groups, including the control and BS groups. Animals in the control group were offered a total mixed ration (TMR) ad libitum, and the BS group was offered TMR with 300 g of BS/head/d. After two weeks of adaptation period, the animal performance, including DMI, milk yield and milk composition, was measured. Cows supplemented with BS appeared to consume more feed than that by the controls (i.e., 17.08 and 18.28 kg/d for the control and BS groups, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between treatments. Milk yield or milk composition, such as milk fat, milk protein, lactose, solids-non-fat, total solids and pH, did not differ between treatments. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the concentration of milk urea nitrogen (MUN). The MUN concentration of the BS group was approximately 15% lower than that of the control group (i.e., 18.75 vs. 16.05 mg/dL for the control and BS groups, respectively), which suggests improved nitrogen metabolism in the animals. The somatic cell count was numerically lower in the cows of the BS group compared to those in the control group. However, a significant difference was not noted due to the substantial amount of variation among cows. In terms of the trace mineral composition for milk, the concentration of Cu from BS animals was higher (p<0.05) than that of the control animals. In summary, supplementing the diets of dairy cows with BS marginally affected animal performance and improved nitrogen metabolism. The level of supplementation and other factors, such as animal variation were discussed.

A sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivar was planted on 9 and 30 June 2000 at plant densities of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 plants m-2 to determine the optimum plant density in Jeju region. There were no significant planting date x plant density interactions for most traits measured. Delaying planting from 9 to 30 June delayed 21 days in heading date, and significantly decreased plant height, the number of productive stems m-2 /, and lodging. Fresh stem yield tended to be higher at the 9 June planting date than at the 30 June planting date, but total sugar and ethanol yields were not significantly affected by planting date. Percentage of soluble solid was higher at the 30 June planting date compared with the 9 June planting date. Fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol yields quadractically increased from 22.9 to 36.7 t-1 , from 1.66 to 2.54 t-1 , and from 945 to 1440 L-1 , respectively, with increasing plant density. The optimal plant densities for the maximum fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol were estimated to be 10.7, 9.6, and 9.9 plants m-2 respectively.

This study was carried out to determine the optimum harvest date of unshelled immature peanuts and dried kernels from 60 to 120 days after flowering. Fresh pod yield of spanish-type variety, 'Shaedl-tangkong(SD)' reached a peak of 9,140kg/ ha at 70 (days after flowering(Aug. 13) while that of virginia-type variety, 'Daepoongtangkong(DP)' reached a peak of 8,820kg/ha at 90 days(Sept. 11) after flowering. SD and DP showed maximum fresh kernel yield of 6,090 and 6,470kg/ha at 90 days after flowering (Sept. 11), respectively, while dry kernel yield reached a peak of 3,300 and 3,720kg/ha at 110 days(Oct. 1), respectively. Oil content of SD and DP were the highest at 90 days and 100 days after flowering, respectively and the oil content of two varieties increased rapidly from 60 to 90 days. Tannin content of the seed hull of SD increased continuously until 110 days after flowering while that of DP maximized at 100 days. The tannin content of the two varieties increased rapidly from 60 to 100 days. Total sugar of SD and DP showed highest content at 60 days and 70 days after flowering, respectively and suger content decreased very rapidly until 80 days and after that sugar content kept nearly constant. Oil, tannin and total sugar content of spanish-type SD were higher than those of virginia-type DP.

맥문동(麥門冬)의 괴근비대기간중(塊根肥大期間中)의 괴근비대양상(塊根肥大樣相), 수량(收量)및 성분변이(成分變異)를 조사(調査)하기 위하여 맥문동 1호를 공시(供試)하여 '92년 .4월 10일에 30×10cm로 정식(定植)해서 다음해 1월 15일부터 4월 15일까지 15일 간격(間隔)으로 수확하여 수량관련형질(收量關聯形質) 및 성분변이(成分變異)를 조사한 결과를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 맥문동의 지상부 생육은 월동중(越冬中)에도 계속 증가(增加)하였고 괴근(塊根)의 형성(形成)은 1월 15일 이전에 결정(決定)되는 것으로 판단(判斷)되었다. 2. 괴근의 비대(肥大)는 월동중(越冬中)에 진행(進行)되며 2월 28일 이후에 완료(完了)되는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 괴근수량은 3월 15일에서 387kg/10a로 최고수량(最高收量)을 보여 수확적기(收穫適期)로 판단(判斷)되었다. 3. 괴근의 전당함량(全糖含量)은 1월 30일에 가장 높았고, 그 이후 점차(漸次) 감소(減少)하여 3월 15일에 가장 낮으며, 전당함량(全糖含量)과 수량(收量)과는 고도(高度)의 부(負)의 유의상관(有意相關)(-0.788**)을 보였다.