1. 얼룩찰1호의 재식밀도별 이삭 특성은 4,700주/10a의 재식밀도에서 이삭길이와 개당이삭중이 양호하였으며 착립장률, 10a당 상품이삭수와 이삭중이 높아 수량성과 상품화율이 높았다. 2. 흑진주찰은 4,700주/10a의 재식밀도에서 이삭길이, 착립장률이 양호하였고, 가장 높은 상품지수를 나타내었다. 3. 얼룩찰1호는 출사 후 26일에 이삭특성과 상품형질이 좋게 나타났으며 식미검정에서도 외관, 질감, 맛 등에서 높은 기호도를 보였다. 4. 흑진주찰은 수확시기에 따라 이삭특성과 상품성이 크게 차이가 없었으나 식미검정에서 출사 후 23일에 수확한 옥수수에서 맛과 질감이 우수하였고, 외관과 색에 대한 선호도는 출사 후 27일에 높은 선호도를 보였다. 전체적인 기호도는 출사후 27일에 수확한 옥수수가 가장 높았다.

This study was conducted to compare changes of total carotenoid contents and antioxidant activities in yellow waxy corns (Zea mays L.) depending on harvest time. The total carotenoid contents of yellow waxy inbred lines and hybrids increased from 19 days and then the highest content of total carotenoid contents was observed at 25 to 27 days after pollination. Thereafter, there was little change in total carotenoid contents. According to analysis total content of carotenoids on 23 days after pollination, which was the period of harvesting waxy corn, KY2 was the highest as 15.4 ㎍/g in inbred lines and KY2/KY39 was the hightest as 11.2 ㎍/g in hybrids, respectively. The total carotenoid contents of each hybrid were higher than mean that of their parent lines except for some hybrids. The total carotenoid contents of KY27/KY37 were significantly higher than those of their parental lines. Antioxidant activity of yellow waxy corn showed a tendency to increase after decrease depending on delaying harvesting time. Antioxidant activities of hybrids were higher than that of inbred lines. As a result of correlation analysis between total carotenoid contents and antioxidant activity, correlation coefficient of inbred lines and hybrids was as low as -0.12 and -0.13, respectively. When the harvest time was delayed, the lightness of yellow waxy corn decreased but the redness and yellowness increased. As a result of correlation analysis between Hunter’s Lab value and total carotenoid contents, correlation coefficient of lightness, redness and yellowness were -0.22, 0.67, 0.53, respectively.

본 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시교잡종의 평균 과피두께는 37um 로 얇은 특성을 보였는데 특히 CNU108 교잡종이 30.3um 로 가장 얇은 특성을 보였고 출사일수는 CNU69와 CNU202 등이 59일로 가장 빨랐으나 CNU160 교잡종은 68일로 본 교잡종들 중에서 가장 늦었다. 2. CNU70과 CNU138의 교잡종들은 높은 항산화효소(xanthin oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase)의 활성을 나타내었고, 특히 CNU160과 CNU193 교잡종은 각각 94.8%, 94.6% 등으로 높은 항산화력(EDA)을 나타내었다. 3. CNU109와 CNU34의 교잡종에서는 전반적으로 높은 항산화효소 활성 및 항산화력을 나타내었다. 따라서 CNU34, CNU70, CNU108, CNU138, CNU193 등의 교잡종 찰옥수수가 항산화 효과가 높은 고기능성 유색 찰옥수수인 것으로 사료되었다.

찰옥수수를 중 저온에서 장기간 저장할 수 있는 방법을 개발하기 위하여 찰옥수수를 증자하여 진공포장한 후 감마선 조사하여 여러 온도에서 저장하면서 미생물의 생육변화 및 이화학적 성질을 조사하였다. 증자 찰옥수수를 감마선 조사한 후 저장전에 총균수는 3 kGy 조사에서 모두 사멸하였고 곰팡이 및 효모는 34 CFU/g을 나타내었으며, 에서 7개월간 저장 후에 총균수 및 효모, 곰팡이는 대조구에서 를 나타내었으나 3 kGy 조사구에서는 총균수가 검출되

In order to determine the optimum harvest time of vegetable corns, the changes in sugars, soluble solids, and flavor of kernels of sweet (cv. ‘Golden Cross Bantam 70’), super sweet (cv. ‘Cocktail E-51’), and waxy corns (cv. ‘Chalok 2’) were observed at different ripening stages. Sucrose was a major sugar in the sweet and super sweet corns and the content increased from 15 to 21 and 27 days after silking (DAS), respectively and then decreased. Glucose and fructose contents of sweet and super sweet corns tended to decrease with kernel maturity. Total sugar content of the sweet corn analyzed by the anthrone method increased rapidly from 15 to 21 DAS, while that of the super sweet and the waxy corns increased slowly up to 24 and 26 DAS, respectively and decreased thereafter. The content of soluble solids in sweet corn was much higher than that of super sweet corn. Starch content of the sweet corn increased slowly from 15 to 33 DAS, while that of the super sweet corn increased a little rapidly from 15 to 21 DAS and then leveled off to 33 DAS. Starch content of the waxy corn increased continuously from 21 to 38 DAS. There was a positive correlation between the sum of individual sugars (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) and soluble solids in both sweet and super sweet corns, while the content of soluble solids was not related to the sum of individual sugars or total sugars. The flavor rate of sweet and super sweet corns maintained high between 21 and 27 DAS and that of waxy corn decreased from 24 to 33 DAS. The optimum harvest time for sweet, super sweet, and waxy corns was thought to be 21 to 24 DAS considering sugar and starch contents, flavor, and marketing.