The transition from vegetative growth to flowering is a major developmental switch in the plant cycle and the timing of flowering is very critical for reproduction of plant species. In transition to flowering in plants, Flowering locus C (FLC) is one of the crucial factors. Here, we showed How the stability and activity of FLC are regulated by sumoylation mechanism. By pull-down assay, we showed that FLC interact with E3 SUMO ligase in vitro and vivo. And we showed that FLC is sumoylated in vitro condition with AtSUMO1 protein. In transgenic plants with overexpression of FLC and inducible expression of AtSIZ1, sumo E3 ligase led to increase of FLC protein level and delayed the post-translation degradation of FLC indicating that Arabidopsis E3 sumo ligase AtSIZ1 stabilizes FLC. Also, the plants with overexpression of mutant FLC (K154R, a mutation of the sumoylation site on FLC) flowered considerably earlier than plants with overexpression of FLC but comparable with wild type indicating that sumoylation is a important part for function of FLC. Our data indicate that the sumoylation of FLC is critical for its role in the control of flowering time.

Codonopsis lanceolata is used as a natural medicine or vegetables. It originates in East Asia such as Korea, Japan and China. Similar to Panax ginseng, C. lanceolata contains saponins as effective components. C. lanceolata is cultivated in many regions of South Korea. But, no variety was developed yet and the origin discrimination in the distribution market of C. lanceolata became a problem. In this study, we collected 20 C. lanceolata regional groups; Hoengseong, Wonju, Samcheok, Chuncheon, Pyeongchang, Hongcheon, Yongin, Yangpyeong, Danyang, Chungju, Bonghwa, Ulleung, Yeongju, Sancheong, Muju, Gwangyang, Sinan, Hwasun, Jeju-si and Seogwipo-si, and tested the genetic relationship using RAPD molecular markers. The genomic DNA was extracted using CTAB and the RAPD analysis was performed using 32 primers of Operon Technologies. NTsys-PC program was used for the phylogenetic analysis of the data.

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is the precocious germination condition of grains while the spike is still in the mother plant. Because PHS in wheat drastically reduced the quality and economic value of wheat grain, the improving PHS wheat is one of the most important breeding goal in Korean wheat breeding program In this study, we evaluated PHS and germination index (GI) in 33 Korean wheat cultivars, and performed transcriptome analysis between Keumkang (susceptible) and Woori (tolerance). A total of 33 Korean wheat cultivars were used for PHS (28 cultivars) and GI assessment in greenhouse. The DAF (Day After Fertilization) 35 of keumkang and Woori spikes were harvested to perform transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing. Each transcriptome was compared with PHS or ABA treated DAF 35 Keumkang and Woori spikes. The PHS in 28 Korean cultivars and GI in 33 cultivars were ranged from 1.33% to 87.44% and from 0.01% to 2.41%, respectively. Woori was demonstrated the second lowest PHS and the lowest GI, however, Keumkang was 23th of 28 cultivars in PHS and 13th of 33 cultivars in GI analysis. Six cDNA library from the DAF 35 of Keumkang and Woori wheat grain, PHS treated DAF 35 of Keumkang and Woori, and ABA treated DAF 35 of Keumkang and Woori were constructed and sequenced. A total of 53.37 Gb of high-quality reads were obtained using HiSeq 2500. The average mapping rate of assembled transcripts were 88.98%. The differentially expressed genes (DEG) revealed total 332 DEG (105 annotated) were upregulated in DAF 35 Woori library, total 5694 DEG (4623 annotated) were upregulated in PHS treated DAF 35 Keumkang library in comparison with DAF 35 Keumkang library. A total of 86 DEG (51 annotated) were upregulated in PHS treated DAF 35 Woori library in comparison with PHS treated DAF 35 Keumkang library. The Gene ontology and further analysis will be discussed.

The control of flowering, transition from vegetative to reproductive stage, is crucial for significant success during plant development. Multiple environmental and developmental signals are transmitted to the shoot apical meristem and converted to local cue to process developmental phage. These crucial process are delicately controlled and regulated by expression of tissue specifically expressed genes involved in inflorescence development. Therefore, it is necessary that molecular mechanism associated with inflorescence development is revealed to understand control of flowering by genome-wide expression pattern of inflorescence specific genes. In this study we used Affymetrix GeneChip Wheat Genome Array for genome-wide analysis of the expressed genes of inflorescence development including apical meristem and developing spikelet to understand the mechanism of floral development in early stage of wheat inflorescence. Moreover, meta-analysis of 1479 microarray dataset of GPL 3802 provided by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was conducted to determine expression pattern of each probe throughout whole life cycle. Based on meta-analysis, we demonstrate inflorescence specific expressed genes in wheat inflorescence including apical meristem, spikelet meristem to understand the mechanism of floral development of wheat inflorescence.

Gene expression is regulated by DNA and histone methylation by DNA and histone methyltransferases, respectively. In animal system, DNA methyltransferase with CG methylation activity is modified by SUMO conjugation and then its activity was increased, which means that the activity of DNA methyltransferase is modulated by posttranslational modification. so Chromatin remodeling is a new concept for expression of controlling of gene function. We thus analyzed the effect of E3 SUMO ligase AtSIZ1 in CMT3 (chromometnylase 3)-mediated genome methylation by next-generation sequencing (NGS), methyl binding domain MeDIP-sequencing and gene analysis using siz1-2 and cmt3 mutants. we carried out CG-enrich analysis by MeDIP sequencing revealed that the methylation level of the genome including transposons was significantly low in siz1-2 mutants compared to wild-type. Result showed the genes regulated by methylation, that genes related of embryo and root development, cellulose metabolism, and post-translational modifications. All of our data indicate that the methyltransfearse activity of CMT3 may be able to be regulated by AtSIZ1 and thereby CMT3-mediated gene expression and plant development also can be controlled by E3 SUMO ligase activity. Besides, our data also suggest that ammonium (NH4+) can stimulate AtSIZ1- and CMT3- mediated DNA methylation.

Codonopsis lanceolata is a perennial climber. The roots are used as medicinal materials or vegetables. Recently, demand for C. lanceolata is increasing as a healthy food. C. lanceolata is distributed in India and East Asia such as China, Japan as well as Korea. In South Korea, this plant is widely cultivated in Gangwon-do province. No C. lanceolata varieties were developed in Korea. The objective of this study is to analyze genetic diversity of C. lanceolata cultivated in Korea using SSR makers. C. lanceolata roots were collected in each region were cultivated in Chungbuk National University greenhouse. Samples were obtained from fresh leaves of 5 plants from each collection region. The genomic DNA was extracted using CTAB. Genetic diversity was analysed using 4 sets of C. lanceolata SSR makers. PCR was performed in total 20 μL reaction volume containing 20 ng of DNA template, 5 pmole of primers. The genotypes of the analyzed samples were very similar. That means that the genetic diversity of C. lanceolata cultivated in Korea is very low.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have a variety of flower colors which are controlled by six different genes (W1,W2,W3,W4,Wm, and Wp). Among these genes, mutation in W3 gene causes near white flowers in the background of w4 genotype whereas the genotype W3w4 does purple throat flowers. Earlier studies showed that dihydroflavonol 4-reductase1 (DFR1) gene was closely linked to the flower color variants for W3 locus. In order to find out the W3 gene responsible for w3 phenotype, we first, studied the candidate gene Glyma14g07940 (DFR1) which is having 100% similarity with DFR probe sequence. Sequence analysis of DFR1 between W3 and w3 soybeans showed one base substitution in exon 6 of w3 mutant soybean resulting in one amino acid change in the amino acid sequence. However, comparison of amino acid sequences of DFR proteins from various crop plants showed that there is no functional change in the protein. Besides, the promoter analysis showed that, 311 bp of indel was traced in 5’-upstream promoter region of DFR1 gene in the w3 mutant. Here, we show that the near white or purple throat phenotypes in G. max is associated with existence or nonexistence of indel at 5’- upstream promoter region and low or high expression of DFR1, respectively. These results suggest that w3 phenotype may be caused by certain regulator of DFR1 gene located near or distant from DFR1 in G. max. In further study, we need to check the correlation between promoter indel with W3 expression level through GUS analysis.

The ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to Sham-Control, OVX-Control, OVX-Superjami (extract) groups. The results showed that the activity of glucokinase to keep the blood sugar constant is increased by increasing insulin secretion from pancreatic β- cells and the homeostatic regulation of glucose. Meanwhile the glyconeogenesis which is involved in the actions of the enzymes glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase showed that the glucose level is decreased. It was confirmed that these enzymes regulate the carbohydrate metabolism. On the other hand, results of the measurement of the lipid metabolism in the fat tissue and liver tissue, effect of β-oxidation enzymes and carnitine palmitoyl transferase which is involved in fatty acid oxidation for energy generation is increased. Moreover, the activity of fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme have been reduced, therefore, it was confirmed that these enzymes regulate the lipid metabolism.

Adenophora triphylla var. japonica HARA is a herbaceous plant belongs to Campanulaceae. Adenophora root is mainly used for medicinal purpose. It is effective for lung cleaning, sputum remove, viscera strengthening, cough stopping and cancer treatments. Adenophora has about 70 species in the world and 17 of the species are distributed in Korea. Genetic resources of A. triphylla var. japonica HARA are valuable as the habitat is concentrated in East Asia. The intraspecies variation is very high according to the environmental conditions. A new A. triphylla var. japonica HARA variety, ‘Harang’, was developed through polyploid breeding in 2011. But, low domestic production and passive studies caused our country to rely on imports for almost all amount of the A. triphylla var. japonica HARA demands. In this experiment, genetic diversity between the collections were analyzed using 32 RAPD primers. Through this study, limit of morphologic classification could be solved and genetic diversity of this plant could be assured.

Stomata are natural pores of plants and constitute the entry points for water during transpiration. However, they also facilitate the ingress of potentially harmful bacterial pathogens. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in protecting plants against biotic stress, by regulating stomatal closure. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism whereby ABA influences plant defense responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, which is a virulent bacterial pathogen of Arabidopsis, at the pre-invasive stage. We found that overexpression of two ABA receptors, namely, RCAR4/PYL10-OX and RCAR5/PYL11-OX (hereafter referred to as RCARs), resulted in ABA-hypersensitive phenotypes being exhibited during the seed germination and seedling growth stages. Sensitivity to ABA enhanced the resistance of RCAR4-OX and RCAR5-OX plants to Pst DC3000, through promoting stomatal closure leading to the development of resistance to this bacterial pathogen. Protein phosphatase HAB1 is an important component that is responsible for ABA signaling and which interacts with ABA receptors. We found that hab1 mutants exhibited enhanced resistance to Pst DC3000; moreover, similar to RCAR4-OX and RCAR5-OX plants, this enhanced resistance was correlated with stomatal closure. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that alteration of RCAR4- or RCAR5-HAB1 mediated ABA signaling influences resistance to bacterial pathogens via stomatal regulation.

Platycodon grandiflorum A. is a perennial plant belongs to Campanulaceae family. This plant has been used herbal medicine ingredient in East Asia. Because of the high saponin content, it is an economically important medicinal plant in Korea. It has been reported that saponins of P. grandiflorum were mainly synthesized in root tissues. The studies about root growth of the plant were few. Expansin is an important protein playing a role in root growth of plants, and is known as a nonenzymatic protein. Expansins are novel plant cell wall loosening proteins leading to turgor-driven cell extension. Expansin encoding genes exist in multigene family, and there are more than 30 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. and more than 50 genes in Oryaza sativa. Therefore, identification of the genes was difficult in P. grandiflorum because of the lack of genome sequence. Recently, the development of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies make it possible to obtain the target genes sequences rapidly and precisely. In this study, to identify the expansin encoding genes in P. grandiflorum, we used RNA-seq analysis with Illumina HiSeq platform. We analyzed whole transcriptome of P. grandiflorum through the RNA-seq analysis based on next generation seuqencing. CLC Genomics Workbench software (Clc Bio inc.) was used for assembly. We assembled 122,663 contigs and search 123 contigs were identified from the search using 61 expansin gene

In plants, lipoxygenases (LOXs) are involved in various physiological processes, including defense responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our previous study has shown that pepper 9-LOX gene, CaLOX1, plays a crucial role in cell death due to pathogen infection. Here, the function of CaLOX1 in response to osmotic, drought, and high salinity was examined using CaLOX1-overexpressing (CaLOX1-OX) Arabidopsis plants. Changes in the temporal expression pattern of the CaLOX1 gene were observed when pepper leaves were treated with drought and high salinity, but not with abscisic acid (ABA), the primary hormone in response to drought stress. During seed germination and seedling development, CaLOX1-OX plants were more tolerant to ABA, mannitol, and high salinity than wild-type plants. In contrast, expression of the ABA-responsive marker genes RAB18 and RD29B was higher in CaLOX1-OX Arabidopsis plants than in wild-type plants. In response to high salinity, CaLOX1-OX plants exhibited enhanced tolerance, compared with wild-type, which is accompanied by decreased accumulation of H2O2 and high levels of RD20, RD29A, RD29B, and P5CS gene expressions. Similarly, CaLOX1-OX plants were also more tolerant than wild-type plants to severe drought stress. H2O2 production and relative increase of lipid peroxidation were lower, and the expression of COR15A, DREB2A, RD20, RD29A, and RD29B was higher in CaLOX1-OX plants, relative to those of wild-type plants. Taken together, our results indicate that CaLOX1 plays a crucial role in plant stress responses by modulating the expression of ABA- and stress-responsive marker genes, lipid peroxidation, and H2O2 production.

Wheat is a major food source for a large proportion of the worldwide population. Wheat production is hampered by drought, cold and various diseases. Wheat germplasms contain various characteristics such as high yield, low plant height, resistance to diverse diseases and good seed quality. In this study, we evaluated agronomic traits of wheat germplasms collected from the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) for application of the breeding program. Total 221 wheat lines contain cultivars and landraces were provided by NPGS and USDA-ARS. The germplasms were evaluated quantitative and qualitative agronomic properties in Korea university research farm. The agronomic traits of the germplasms in each region were analysed using statistical analysis. The most of germplasms were geographically originated from America continent. The germplasms average heading date showed on May 10. The average heading date of Africa germplasms was 6 days earlier than Europe germplasms. The germplasms average plant height and spike length showed 81.7 cm and 8.6 cm, respectively. The germplasms of Europe showed 21.7 cm taller than average plant height of America continent and the germplasms of Africa showed the smallest plant height comparing with other continents. The germplasms of Asia showed taller spikere length than that of other continents. Seed color in germplasm comprises white, red and purple seed color, 24%, 75%, 1%, respectively. In addition, about 39% of the germplasms indicated lodging resistant. These results could be useful for improvement of wheat breeding program.

고추 탄저병은 국내에서 큰 피해를 일으키는 병 중의 하나이다. 최근에는 우리나라 주요 재배종인 Capsicum annuum에 C. baccatum의 탄저병 저항성을 종간교잡을 통하여 도입한 탄저병 저항성 품종이 보고되고 있다. 고추 탄저병 저항성 품종 육성에 사용된 유전자원은 C. baccatum ‘PBC81’인데, 최근에는 이보다 더 다양한 탄저병 균주범위에 저항성을 보이는 C. baccatum ‘PI594137’을 이용하려고 한다. 따라서 고추의 탄저병 유전자원인 C. baccatum ‘PI594137’의 저항성에 대한 QTL 분석을 수행할 필요가 있는데, C. baccatum과 C. annuum의 종간 후대에서는 종간잡종 불화합성으로 인해 유전자 지도를 그리기가 힘들어 C. baccatum 종내 교잡을 통하여 유전자지도를 작성하였다. 탄저병에 이병성인 C. baccatum ‘Golden aji’와 탄저병에 저항성인 C. baccatum ‘PI594137’을 교잡하여 얻은 F1을 자가수정하여 F2 분리집단 93개체를 유전자지도 작성에 사용하였으며, 양친의 대량 염기서열 분석(NGS)을 통해 찾은 SNP를 바탕으로 HRM 분자표지를 개발하였다. 총 555개의 HRM 분자표지 용 프라이머를 디자인하였으며, 그 중 45.3%인 275개만이 실제로 다형성이 존재하였고, 이를 이용하여 유전자 연관 지도를 작성할 수 있었다. 총 연관거리는 1,057cM이며, 20개의 연관군이 나타났다. Chr. 1, 5 및 6번의 경우 하나의 연관군으로 연결되지 않았으며 나머지 염색체는 모두 하나의 연관군으로 연결되었다. 그리고 reference genome으로 사용된 C. annuum의 physical map과 C. baccatum의 genetic map을 서로 비교하여 보았는데, Chr. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11 및 12의 경우는 약간의 inversion이 있었지만 전반적으로 synteny를 잘 유지하고 있었다. 특히 2개의 translocation을 발견할 수 있었는데, Chr. 1과 8의 translocation 경우는 본 연구 이전에 wild C. annuum, C. frutescens 그리고 C. chinense 등에서도 보고된 것이고, Chr. 3과 9번의 translocation의 경우는 본 실험에서 처음 발견하여 보고하는 것이다. 이 Chr. 3과 9번의 translocation으로 인해 C. annuum과 C. baccatum 사이에 종간불화합이 일어나는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구 결과는 C. baccatum 종내에서의 최초의 유전자 지도 작성이라는 큰 의미가 있으며, 이를 이용하여 탄저병 저항성 QTL 탐색에 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 또한 C. baccatum의 de novo sequencing 작성에 기초 자료로도 활용이 가능할 것이다.

Celiac disease (CD) is classified as an autoimmune disease of small intestine and occurred with people with the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2(8) cells. The gluten commonly called for the gliadins and glutenins from wheat and related proteins from barley and rye is significant cause of celiac disease. There are many sequences that recognized by T-cell according to species and different types of gliadins. In ω-gliadin, two sort of epitopes were figured out that consisting of some proline(P) and glutamine(Q) scattered in gliadin sequence. All registered ω-gliadin sequences deposited in NCBI database were downloaded and collected. In order to classify groups depending on sequence difference, sequence similarity and their closeness were analyzed by phylogenetic trees using by MEGA (ver.6.06). Chinese spring genome sequence database offered by URGI (Unité de Recherche Génomique Info) is used for sequence assembly. Primers to validate presence of epitopes were designed by two different type from conserved and specific region. Primer pair from consensus region were designed in conserved domain of ω-gliadin sequences from public database by sequence alignment. And, sequence-specific primers of ω-gliadin were designed from the unique region of each ω-gliadin sequence comparing ω-gliadin sequences from NCBI database with draft sequence of Chinese spring in URGI. The two known epitopes of ω-gliadin were located on same site, approximately from the 315th nucleotide to the 348th nucleotide in CDS. Candidate epitopes present in ω-gliadin were divided into three categories based on analysis of sequence similarity. This categorization shows similar pattern with groups that were previously reported by sequence motifs such as SRLL, AREL, ARQL and KELQ. However, sequence which has AREL motif and sequence ARQL motif were not distinguished obviously in ω-gliadin based on sequence alignment.

Floral transition is influenced by environmental factors such as light and temperature. Plants are capable of integrating photoperiod and ambient temperature signaling into their developmental program. Despite extensive investigations on individual genetic pathways, little is known about the molecular components that integrate both pathways. Here, we demonstrate that the RING finger–containing E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) acts as an integrator of photoperiod and ambient temperature signaling. In addition to the role in photoperiodic destabilization of CONSTANS (CO), COP1 also regulates temperature sensitivity by controlling the degradation of GIGANTEA (GI). COP1-impaired mutants showed reduced sensitivity to low ambient temperature. Notably, COP1 is more stabilized at low temperature and accelerates GI turnover in a 26S proteasome-dependent manner. The direct association of GI with the promoter of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) depends on ambient temperature, and thus COP1-triggered GI turnover delays flowering at low temperatures via a CO-independent pathway. Taken together, our findings indicate that environmental conditions regulate the stability of COP1, and conditional specificity of its target selection stimulates proper developmental responses and ensures reproductive success.

A pepper bZIP transcription factor gene, CabZIP2, was isolated from pepper leaves infected with an a virulent strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv). Transient expression analysis of the CabZIP2-GFP fusion protein in Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that the CabZIP2 protein is localized in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. The acidic domain in the N-terminal region of CabZIP2 that is fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain is required to activate the transcription of reporter genes in yeast. Transcription of CabZIP2 is induced in pepper plants inoculated with virulent or avirulent strains of Xcv. The CabZIP2 gene is also induced by defense-related hormones such as salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethylene. To elucidate the in vivo function of the CabZIP2 gene in plant defense, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in pepper and overexpression in Arabidopsis were used. CabZIP2-silenced pepper plants were susceptible to infection by the virulent strain of Xcv, which was accompanied by reduced expression of defense-related genes such as CaBPR1 and CaAMP1. CabZIP2 overexpression (OX) in transgenic Arabidopsis plants conferred enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Together, these results suggest that CabZIP2 is involved in bacterial disease resistance.

Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, which include pathogens and conditions of high salinity, low temperature, and drought. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a major plant hormone involved in signal transduction pathways that mediate the defense response of plants to abiotic stress. Previously, we isolated Ring finger protein gene (CaRING1) frompepper(Capsicum annuum), which is associated with resistance to bacterial pathogens, accompanied by hypersensitive cell death. Here, we report a new function of the CaRING1 gene product in the ABA-mediated defense responses of plants to drought stress. The expression of the CaRING1 gene was induced in pepper leaves treated with ABA or exposed to drought or NaCl. CaRING1-overexpressing (OX) transgenic plants showed enhanced sensitivity to ABA during the seedling growth and establishment. Furthermore, these plants were more tolerant to drought stress than the wild-type plants because of enhanced stomatal closure and increased expression of stress-responsive genes. Together, these results suggest that the CaRING1 acts as positive factor for drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by modulating ABA-mediated stomatal closing and gene expression.

벼 품종의 다양화와 기능성 특수용도의 쌀 품종 육성의 일환으로 개발한 슈퍼홍미의 작물학적 특성과 성분특성을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 슈퍼홍미는 흑진주벼와 수원 425호 교잡 후대 계통에서 선발된 C3GHi 계통과 종실이 큰 대립벼1호를 인공교배하여 초형이 양호하고 현미색이 붉은 계통을 선발하여 육성하였다. 출수기는 9월 5일로 슈퍼자미보다 10일 늦은 만생종이며, 간장은 94.7 cm 로 슈퍼자미보다 13 cm 큰 장간이다. 포기당 이삭수는 5.4개로 적지만 이삭당 벼알수는 154.0 개로 슈퍼자미 보다 28% 많다. 현미의 천립중은 26.8g 으로 슈퍼자미와 비슷하다. 슈퍼자미의 길이는 9.05 cm이고 폭은 3.79 cm로 슈퍼자미보다 큰 대립이며 정현비율은 81.7% 이다. MCF-7 세포주를 24시간 배양한 후 세포 내에 에스트로겐 활성과 관련된 단백질을 확인하였다. 에스트로겐에 의해 PR 합성이 유도되고 ER-α는 억제되는 결과가 나왔고, 슈퍼홍미 70% 에탄올 추출물로 처리하였을 때 이와 유사한 결과가 나타났다. 슈퍼홍미 추출물 농도에 따른 MCF-7 증식효과를 살펴보았을 때, 50ppm, 100ppm 농도에서 48시간 배양이후 증식효과가 나타났으며 72시간 이후에는 모든 농도에서 14% 이상의 증식효과가 나타났다. 슈퍼홍미는 에스트로겐과 유사한 기능성을 갖고 있는 것으로 여겨지며 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하며 새로운 기능성 품종으로의 가능성이 높다.

기후변화와 다양한 작부체계 적응 고기능성 조생품종 빠른슈퍼자미와 만생품종 늦은슈퍼자미의 작물학적 특성과 품질 특성을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 빠른슈퍼자미는 흑진주벼와 수원425호를 인공교배 하여 C3G함량이 높은 개통을 육성하고, 출수기가 빠른 계통을 선발하여 매년 계통재배하면서 포장선발을 실시하여 육성하였다. 늦은슈퍼자미는 검정벼와 화선찰을 인공교배하여 C3G함량이 높은 개통을 육성하고, 출수기가 늦은 계통을 선발하여 매년 계통재배하면서 포장선발을 실시하여 육성하였다. 빠른슈퍼자미의 출수기는 흑진주 보다 5일 늦은 조생종이며, 늦은슈퍼자미는 흑진주보다 30일 늦은 만생종이다. 종피색은 모두 흑자색이고 메벼이다. 빠른슈퍼자미의 잎은 색은 약간 짙은 녹색이며 길이가 다소 짧은 편이나 너비는 대조품종인 흑진주와 비슷하고, 늦은슈퍼자미의 잎은 중간길이다. 빠른슈퍼자미 종자크기는 흑진주와 비슷하지만 현미 천립중은 19.0g으로 가벼운 편이며, 늦은슈퍼자미는 19.9g으로 흑진주 보다 약간 무겁다. 빠른슈퍼자미의 수장은 20.8cm으로 흑진주와 비슷하나 간장은 62.6cm로 단간종이고, 늦은슈퍼자미는 수장은 흑진주와 비슷하나 간장은 91cm로 중장간이다. 빠른슈퍼자미는 천연색소 안토시아닌의 주성분인 C3G의 함량이 흑진주보다 10배 정도로 높으며, 늦은슈퍼자미의 C3G는 흑진주벼보다 2.5배 정도 높다.